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Biomedical subjects

J Shimizu

Publications and source records attributed to J Shimizu.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effects of fluosol-DA on brain edema, energy metabolites, and tissue oxygen content in acute cerebral ischemia.

Perfluorochemicals were developed as a blood substitute and were reported to have an advantage in oxygen transport compared with blood. The present study was undertaken to investigate the therapeutic effects of a perfluorochemical, FDA, on brain edema and metabolites in acute cerebral ischemia. Cerebral ischemia was induced in SHR by BLCO followed by recirculation. The FDA administration resulted in (a) the significant inhibition of brain edema as shown by brain water content in the treated group, and (b) significant amelioration of metabolic impairments as shown by lesser degree of ATP and pyruvate decrease and lactate accumulation. The TpO2 was compared between FDA-infused and nontreated group during ischemia. The FDA-infused group had significantly higher TpO2 than nontreated group. These results indicate that the improvement of brain edema and metabolite levels were due to alleviation of ischemic hypoxia by FDA under the same ischemic insult.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A case of severe infantile form of congenital nemaline myopathy with extensive fatty replacement of the skeletal muscles].

A case of severe infantile form of congenital nemaline myopathy who developed extensive fatty replacement of the skeletal muscles was described. A girl was born with severe hypotonia and flaccidity of the extremities. She was put on a ventilator because of the severe respiratory insufficiency. Muscle biopsy performed at 3 months of age revealed numerous nemaline rods in myofibers. She had an anoxic episode at 2 years of age and fell into a vegetative state after that. Serum creatine kinase and aldolase levels were normal. At 8 years of age, X-ray CT scan of the skeletal muscles revealed diffuse and severe fatty replacement of the skeletal muscles of the trunk and extremities; this was far more extensive than in the case of Duchenne muscular dystrophy of similar age. Second muscle biopsy performed in the anterior tibialis muscle at the age of 8 years revealed atrophic muscle fibers and extensive proliferation of connective and fatty tissues. Electron microscopy revealed, numerous rod-containing muscles fibers with severe disorganization and loss of myofilaments. Sural nerve biopsy performed at the same time showed decreased number of large myelinated fibers. Although a possibility could not be excluded completely that the episode of anoxia and chronic debilitation may have contributed to these pathological neuromuscular findings, it was presumed that severe degeneration and fatty replacement of the skeletal muscles progress rapidly after birth in some cases of severe infantile form of congenital nemaline myopathy.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

[Remarkable effect of class Ib Na channel blocker on painful alcoholic neuropathy].

Two cases of painful alcoholic neuropathy are reported. The pain in both cases were incurable by using pain killing drugs, but administration of class Ib Na channel blocker, mexiletine, was remarkably effective. In the first case, suspension of drug administration produced the recurrence in the pain. Objective findings, for example, deep tendon reflex, vibration sense, and nerve conduction velocity, did not change significantly, after medication. And the only side effect was hot sensation in the lower extremities. We report the pain killing effect of class Ib Na channel blocker on painful alcoholic neuropathy, that has not yet reported.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1990

[A case of plasma cell granuloma showing rapid growth and elevation of serum CEA].

A 67-year-old man was admitted with complaints of cough and hemosputum. Chest X-ray examination revealed enlargement of a coin lesion in the right upper lobe, which had been pointed out about one year previously and had been followed up. Although the histology of TBLB specimens and the cytology of sputum and materials showed no malignancy and chest CT showed calcification at the edge of the coin lesion, the mass shadow in the right upper lobe rapidly enlarged and the serum level of CEA gradually elevated. Therefore, it seemed to be impossible to neglect the possibility of lung cancer and right upper lobectomy was performed. The dissected specimen was diagnosed as plasma cell granuloma. Because the histology of the plasma cell granuloma is multifarious, TBLB shows various results. It is therefore difficult to diagnose such inflammatory tumors by TBLB. The increase of the mass shadow in size and the elevated serum level of CEA made it difficult to diagnose this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A case of long thoracic nerve palsy, with winged scapula, as a result of prolonged exertion on practicing archery].

Reports of isolated long thoracic nerve palsy are rare in Japan. We reported a case of isolated long thoracic nerve palsy, resulted from recurrent injury to the nerve. Muscle CT and electrodiagnostic study were useful for confirming diagnosis of this cases. This patient was a student aged 20 years, with nothing of importance in his family or past history. After he started practicing archery, winging of left scapula was gradually developed. Physical examination revealed weakness and atrophy of left serratus anterior muscle. There was no wasting and weakness of other should girdle muscles. Hematochemical tests were normal, except slight hyperthyroidism. Radiography and myelography of the cervical spine were normal. Muscle CT of upper thoracic level demonstrated atrophy of left serratus anterior muscle, and no abnormality were found in other muscles. Electromyogram of the left serratus anterior revealed discrete activity of reduced amplitude, and fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves. Conduction time for left long thoracic nerve was prolonged, and amplitude of the evoked response was small and there were temporal dispersion. Muscle CT and electrodiagnostic studies were suggestive of neuroapraxia of left long thoracic nerve. Over stretching or compression during exercises may be responsible for the damage to the long thoracic nerve.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of lung cancer suspected to be pulmonary mycosis of the fungus ball type].

This paper reports a 73-year-old male case of lung cancer presenting as thin-walled cavity which was suspected to be pulmonary mycosis of the fungus ball type. Routine chest X-ray film showed a thin-walled cavity without a round shadow inside it. CR tomogram taken 2 months after the previous plain chest X-ray film showed an irregular thickening of the cavity wall and a round shadow inside it. Pulmonary mycosis of the fungus ball type was suspected based on the CR tomogram. But chest X-ray CT film taken 1 month after the previous CR tomogram revealed that the entire cavity wall was thickened with irregular convexity and no round shadow was seen in the cavity. Cavitary lung cancer was also suspected based on the findings of X-ray CT film. The surgical specimen, obtained by right upper lobectomy, revealed a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma unaccompanied by pulmonary mycosis in the cavity space. Even in cases suggestive of mycosis, aggressive surgical intervention is recommended in those suspected of malignancy.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Induction of tumor-specific in vivo protective immunity by immunization with tumor antigen-pulsed antigen-presenting cells.

The present study investigates the role of APC in inducing tumor-specific in vivo protective immunity. Thy-1+ cell-depleted, Mac-1+ cell-enriched fraction of normal BALB/c spleen cells were used as a source of APC. These APC were cultured in vitro with the membrane fraction isolated from CSA1M fibrosarcoma derived from BALB/c strain. The administration of such APC into naive BALB/c mice generated the capacity of these animals to reject the subsequently challenged viable CSA1M tumor cells. Although the induction of anti-CSA1M in vivo protective immunity required three consecutive immunizations with more than 10(5) APC which had been pulsed in vitro with 200 to 300 micrograms protein of CSA1M membrane fraction, the immunity was induced irrespective of whether APC were administered via s.c., i.v., or i.p. route. This immunity was tumor-specific, inasmuch as the inoculation of CSA1M or Meth A fibrosarcoma membrane component-pulsed APC resulted in the selective immunity against the challenge with homologous types of tumor cells. The CSA1M-specific in vivo protective immunity was also induced by injecting APC pulsed with solubilized CSA1M membrane components. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the efficiency for inducing anti-CSA1M immunity was much higher in the utilization of tumor Ag-pulsed APC than in the immunization with tumor Ag emulsified in CFA. These results indicate the critical role of APC in generating tumor rejection immunity in vivo and this model presents a novel approach to induce tumor-specific immunity without using tumor cells themselves.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The tumor rejection antigen separated from Rous sarcoma virus-induced murine fibrosarcoma exhibits a molecular weight of approximately 60 kD but differs from functional pp60src.

The tumor antigen capable of inducing tumor resistance (tumor rejection antigen; TRA) was obtained in a solubilized form by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) extraction of plasma membrane fraction from Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)-induced CSA1M fibrosarcoma cells (BALB/c origin). Analyses by Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that TRA activity was recovered in the fraction with a molecular weight of approximately 60 kD. Unfractionated crude SDS-solubilized preparation contained gp70 as detected by rabbit anti-gp70 antiserum, whereas such reactivity was lost in the fraction exhibiting the molecular weight of about 60 kD. Since this fraction retained pp60src activity, the relation of TRA to pp60src was further investigated. pp60v-src was also obtained from the lysate of v-src-expressing yeast transformant. Immunization of BALB/c mice with such pp60v-src-containing lysate failed to induce any significant tumor protection. The above 60 kD fraction of CSA1M solubilized antigens was allowed to bind to Sepharose beads coupled with anti-pp60src monoclonal antibody and separated into the bead-bound and bead-unbound fractions. The bead-bound fraction that was recovered from pp60src-binding beads (pp60src-positive fraction) did not exhibit the TRA activity. In contrast, immunization with the fraction depleted of pp60src activity (bead-unbound fraction) resulted in potent tumor protection. These results indicate that the solubilized membranous component(s) of CSA1M with a molecular weight of approximately 60 kD, which is distinct from functional pp60src, functions as the TRA against RSV-induced CSA1M tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Biochemical characterization of tumor rejection antigen (TRA) and genetic control in anti-TRA immune responses].

A tumor antigen capable of inducing tumor resistance (tumor rejection antigen; TRA) was obtained in a solubilized form by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-extraction of plasma membrane fraction from Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)-induced CSA1M fibrosarcoma cells (BALB/c origin). Analyses by Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that TRA activity was recovered in the fraction of an approximate molecular weight (m. w.) of 60kD. Such TRA was also found to exist in plasma membrane fraction from various RSV-induced tumor cells but not from tumor cells induced with agents other than RSV. Unfractionated crude SDS-solubilized preparation contained gp 70 as detected by rabbit anti-gp 70 antiserum, whereas this reactivity was lost in the fraction exhibiting an m.w. of about 60 kD. Since this fraction retained pp60src activity, the relation of TRA to pp60src was further investigated. pp60src was also obtained from the lysate of v-src-expressing yeast transformant. Immunization of BALB/c mice with such pp60v-src-containing lysate failed to induce any significant tumor protection. The above 60 kD fraction of CSA1M solubilized antigens was allowed to bind to Sepharose beads coupled with anti-pp60src monoclonal antibody and was depleted of pp60src. Immunization with the fraction depleted of pp60src activity (bead-unbound fraction) resulted in potent tumor protection. These results indicate that the CSA1M solubilized membranous component(s) which has an approximate m.w. of 60kD but is (are) distinct from functional pp60src functions as the TRA against RSV-induced CSA1M tumor cells. The results are discussed in the context of (1) the relationship between the src gene and the expression of TRA and (2) genetic control in immune responses to the TRA common to RSV-induced tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Immunotherapy for lung cancer by streptococcal preparation OK-432].

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of OK-432 immunotherapy, patients admitted between 1975 and 1982 were randomized into two groups: An immunochemotherapy (IM-C) group and a chemotherapy (control) group. For each group, a fixed chemotherapy was administered using a combination of three drugs. The survival rates of cases with non-small cell carcinoma were evaluated at the end of 1987. One hundred and fifty-seven cases in the IM-C group and 148 in the control group were eligible for evaluation of long-term survival rates. Statistically significant improvement of the survival rates in the IM-G group were noted in the following items: All cases, resected cases, non-resected cases, resected stage I + II cases, resected stage III cases, completely resected cases, incompletely resected cases, and cases with epidermoid carcinoma. However, in comparison of adenocarcinoma there was no significant difference between the two groups. SU-polysaccharide skin test and natural killer activity were the best immunological parameters during the OK-432 therapy. To intensify the effects of immunotherapy, a possibility of regional immunotherapy was studied following some experimental works. Regional infusion of LAK cells (induced by incubation of patient's lymphocytes with rIL-2) through bronchial artery after regional infusion of OK-432 and chemotherapeutics showed favorable effect for advanced lung cancer. Future prospect of these regional adoptive immunotherapy was discussed.

Biological Products↗
PubMed1989

[Second surgical intervention for contralateral recurrence or second primary lung cancer].

Resection of contralateral lung cancer (6 cases of pulmonary metastasis from the first lung cancer and one case of second primary lung cancer) were evaluated retrospectively in terms of postoperative complication, pulmonary function and survival rate. Out of 691 cases with resected non small cell lung cancer, 7 cases (1.0%) had contralateral lung cancer which were resected as the second operation. Six cases were squamous cell carcinoma and one case was adenocarcinoma. The interval between the first and the second operation was 12 months to 10 years (average 46 months). The post-operative stage of first lung cancer were stage I in 5 cases and stage IIIB in 2 cases, but no case had lymphadenopathy at the first operation. Operative procedures for contralateral lung were as follows; one case of lobectomy----lobectomy, one case of lobectomy----segmentectomy, two cases of lobectomy----partial resection, two cases of pneumonectomy----partial resection. For a metachronous lung cancer, right upper sleeve lobectomy was done as the first operation followed by left lower sleeve lobectomy as the second cancer five years later. Contralateral lung resection impaired pulmonary function, but all cases well tolerated the second operation. The five-years survival rate after second operation was 40.0%.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A surgical case of mediastinal cystic lymphangioma].

A surgical case of a 33-year-old male with mediastinal cystic lymphangioma is reported. He was referred to our hospital for examination of mediastinal tumor. Chest X-ray film revealed an abnormal shadow in the left aorto-pulmonary window. CT scan of the chest visualized a smooth-walled, homogenous structure of this mass. MRI showed same findings as CT scan but could not suggest further information. He was operated on under the diagnosis of Castleman's lymphoma or thymic cyst. On thoracotomy, a bulging cystic mass was found in the middle mediastinum just beneath the aortic arch. The cyst was completely removed, and his postoperative course was uneventful. Pathological diagnosis was a mediastinal cystic lymphangioma. Cystic lymphangioma usually occurs in the neck, and rarely occurs in the mediastinum. Only about 30 cases of mediastinal cystic lymphangioma have been reported in the Japanese literatures.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Property of class I H-2 alloantigen-reactive Lyt-2+ helper T cell subset. Abrogation of its proliferative and IL-2-producing capacities by intravenous injection of class I H-2-disparate allogeneic cells.

The present study investigates the distinctiveness of Class I H-2 alloantigen-reactive Lyt-2+ helper/proliferative T cell subset in the aspect of tolerance induction. Primary mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) revealed that Lyt-2+ and L3T4+ T cell subsets from C57BL/6 (B6) mice were exclusively capable of responding to class I H-2 [B6-C-H-2bm1 (bm1)]- and class II H-2 [B6-C-H-2bm12 (bm12)]-alloantigens, respectively. Anti-bm12 MLR was not affected by i.v. injection of bm12 spleen cells into recipient B6 mice. In contrast, a single i.v. administration of bm1 spleen cells into B6 mice resulted in the abrogation of the capacity of recipient B6 spleen and lymph node cells to give anti-bm1 MLR. This suppression was bm1 alloantigen-specific, since lymphoid cells from B6 mice i.v. presensitized with bm1 cells exhibited comparable anti-bm12 primary MLR to that obtained by normal B6 lymphoid cells. Such tolerance was rapidly (24 h after the i.v. injection of bm1 cells) inducible and lasting for at shortest 3 wk. Addition of lymphoid cells from anti-bm1-tolerant B6 mice to cultures of normal B6 lymphoid cells did not suppress the proliferative responses of the latter cells, indicating that the tolerance is not due to the induction of suppressor cells but attributed to the elimination or functional impairment of anti-bm1 proliferative clones. The tolerance was also demonstrated by the failure of tolerant lymphoid cells to produce IL-2. It was, however, found that anti-bm1 CTL responses were generated by tolerant lymphoid cells which were unable to induce the anti-bm1 MLR nor to produce detectable level of IL-2. These results demonstrate that class I H-2 alloantigen-reactive Lyt-2+ Th cell subset exhibits a distinct property which is expressed by neither Lyt-2+ CTL directed to class I H-2 nor L3T4+ Th cells to class II H-2 alloantigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The mode of recognition of tumor antigens by noncytolytic-type antitumor T cells: role of antigen-presenting cells and their surface class I and class II H-2 molecules.

The present study investigated the role of antigen-presenting cells (APC) in the activation of noncytolytic T cells against tumor antigens. The noncytolytic-type T cells exerted their antitumor effect by producing gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) and by activating macrophages as the ultimate effectors. The production of IFN-gamma by these noncytolytic T cells following the stimulation with tumor cells required the participation of Ia+ APC, since the depletion of APC from cultures of tumor-immunized spleen cells resulted in almost complete inhibition of the IFN-gamma production. Both L3T4+ and Lyt-2+ subsets of T cells were capable of producing IFN-gamma, and the requirement of APC for the production of IFN-gamma was the case irrespective of whether noncytolytic T cells were of L3T4+ or Lyt-2+ phenotype. More importantly, it was demonstrated that the production of IFN-gamma by L3T4+ and Lyt-2+ T cells was inhibited by addition of the respective anti-class II and anti-class I H-2 antibody to cultures. These results indicate that antitumor L3T4+ or Lyt-2+ noncytolytic T cells are activated for the IFN-gamma production by recognizing tumor antigens in the context of self-class II or -class I H-2 molecules on APC.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Plasma levels of leukotriene C4, B4, slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis in chronological phases of cerebrovascular disease.

In this study we report and compare plasma leukotriene (LT) levels in seventeen (17) patients with cerebral infarction, five (5) patients with cerebral hemorrhage and twelve (12) age-matched healthy volunteers. Plasma samples were collected at intervals of 1-7 days, 8-14 days, 15-30 days and 31 days- after cerebrovascular accident. Plasma immunoreactive LTC4, LTB4 and SRS-A (Slow Reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis or total peptido-LT's) levels were measured for each sample. Immunoreactive LTC4 (and SRS-A) levels were elevated in patients with cerebral infarction whilst LTB4 levels were raised in the patients with cerebral hemorrhage. In particular, cerebral infarcted patients exhibited significantly elevated levels in phases 1-7 days and after 15 days when compared with the age-matched healthy volunteers. In patients with cerebral hemorrhage, significant increases in LTB4 were measured in days 1-7 only. These results suggest a clinical relationship between the plasma levels of LT's and cerebrovascular disease.

Adult↗