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J Shimada

Publications and source records attributed to J Shimada.

230 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Clinical studies on gentamicin (author's transl)].

UNLABELLED: Gentamicin (GM) was studied for on its antibacterial activity, absorption, and excretion, effect on the kidney and clinical effects. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Antibacterial activity: The susceptibility of E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis to GM was almost the same between the periods of 1964 to 1966 and 1972 to 1974: No tendency of increase of resistance by year was noted. However, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, strains showing sensitivity to a concentration of more than 25 mcg/ml were isolated in 12.7%, in the latter period (1972-1974), as compared with the former period (1964-1966), which was 0%. 2. Blood levels: The peak level of GM in blood was obtained at 30 minutes after intramuscular injection to a healthy human. The peak level was 7.6 mcg/ml with 40 mg dose, 8.7 mcg/ml with 60 mg and 10.6 mcg/ml with 80 mg, showing a dose-responding curve. The half-life of GM absorption was 1.1 hours with 40 mg dose, 1.3 hours with 60 mg and 1.6 hours with 80 mg, showing also a dose related tendency. 3. Urinary levels: The peak level of GM in urine, about 200 mcg/ml, was noted in 0-2 hours after intramuscular injection of GM to a healthy human. The urinary recovery was about 44% in 6 hours. 4. Effect on the kidney: The effects of GM on the kidney was studied in rats administering 20 mg/kg once a day for 21 days consecutively. The results obtained are a slight increase (20 mg/dl) in BUN and a slight decrease (2,600 mosm/kg H2O) in urinary osmotic pressure; and urea lysozyme showed tendency to increase from the third day, the same as with kanamycin. Meanwhile, in the histopathological findings of the kidney tissue, the vacuolar degeneration and flattening of renal tubules were noted. Similar findings were obtained with kanamycin in a similar type of experiment. These results indicate that nephrotoxicity of GM is considered to be approximately the same as that of kanamycin. 5. CLINICAL RESULTS: GM was injected into 22 patients with various infectious diseases (respiratory tract infections 7, liver abscess 1, urinary tract infections 14). Excellent efficacy was noted in 7 patients, good in 13 and no effect in 2. The effective rate was 90.9%. No serious side effect was noted in this clinical trial.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Visualization of left bronchial-to-coronary artery communication after distal bronchial artery embolization for bronchiectasis.

We present a 44-year-old woman in whom a bronchial-to-coronary artery communication via the conus branch was discovered after distal bronchial artery embolization with gelatin sponge for hemoptysis. If this bronchial-to-coronary artery anastomosis, not visible prior to embolization, had been inadvertently embolized, the patient could have developed a myocardial infarction. To reduce the likelihood of a serious complication, the possibility of this anastomosis should be kept in mind and angiography should be repeated before attempting proximal bronchial artery embolization.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Classification of hydrocephalus and outcome of treatment.

PURPOSE: Retrospective analysis in cooperative study of hydrocephalus at institutions of members of the Research Committee on Intractable Hydrocephalus sponsored by the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan was performed to determine the functional prognosis for all types of hydrocephalus and thus to clarify the outcome. METHODS: In preparation of this study, we have proposed the definition, clinical classification and diagnostic criteria of hydrocephalus. We have classified non-tumoral hydrocephalus into eight types based on its etiology and the time of onset. To establish the diagnosis in each type of hydrocephalus, we have set up inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as supplementary criteria which are useful for its diagnosis. RESULTS: Analysis of the 1450 cases of hydrocephalus of various etiologies stored in the data base obtained from the study for each type of hydrocephalus revealed that following types and conditions were associated with a neurologic deficit: (1) early fetal hydrocephalus, (2) overt neonatal hydrocephalus, (3) hydrocephalus associated with such severe brain malformations as hydranencephaly, holoprosencephaly and lissencephaly, (4) hydrocephalus associated with severe brain damage, (5) hydrocephalus associated with epilepsy, (6) hydrocephalus shunted late after detection, and (7) hydrocephalus complicated by a shunting operation. CONCLUSION: The postnatal functional outcome was significantly poor in fetal hydrocephalus diagnosed in the early gestation. Childhood onset hydrocephalus showed a poorer outcome than adult hydrocephalus.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Moxalactam--absorption, excretion, distribution, and metabolism.

Levels of moxalactam in serum of healthy volunteers after single intramuscular injection, slow bolus intravenous injection, or intravenous infusion were proportional to the dose given. After intravenous bolus injection of 1 g of moxalactam, the peak serum level was 201.0 micrograms/ml, the half-life (beta-phase) was 126 min, and the cumulative urinary excretion during a 10-hr period was 90.5% of the dose. The values for cefazolin in the same volunteers were similar to those for moxalactam. No accumulation of the drug in serum was found even after multiple intravenous injections of 1 g every 12 hr for five days. Probenecid administered orally did not significantly affect levels of moxalactam in serum or urinary recovery, an observation which suggests that renal excretion of moxalactam takes place mainly through glomerular filtration. The serum half-life (beta-phase) of moxalactam in subjects with a creatinine clearance rate of less than or equal to 10 ml/min was markedly prolonged. Concentrations of moxalactam in bile were higher than those of cefazolin in a crossover study. Concentrations in sputum were 1.84-2.11 micrograms/ml in individuals given 1 g by intravenous slow bolus injection. No active metabolite of moxalactam was detected in plasma or urine.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiotherapy for adrenal gland metastasis from lung cancer: report of three cases.

Adrenal gland metastasis is often observed during the clinical course of patients with lung cancer. However, treatment of adrenal gland metastasis is seldom considered because of the systemic spread of the disease. Treatment with curative intent is very rare, but palliative treatment may sometimes be considered when symptoms such as flank pain are observed. Three cases of adrenal gland metastasis were reported. Two of them received surgery for lung cancer and developed a sole metastasis of the adrenal gland. Case 1 developed a sole left adrenal gland metastasis with left flank pain 14 months after surgery for large cell carcinoma of the lung. Curative radiotherapy after intra-arterial chemotherapy was given. A good response was obtained, and he has been alive for 2 years and 9 months. Case 2 developed a right adrenal gland metastasis after radiotherapy for brain metastasis, after having received right upper lobectomy because of SCLC. The increase in the size of the right adrenal gland led us to treat the lesion before symptoms developed. Radiotherapy was given on an outpatient basis. Case 3, who was previously treated with chemoradiotherapy for SCLC, developed brain, liver, and bilateral adrenal gland metastasis. Huge adrenal gland metastases displaced the pancreas and caused severe pain with the increase in serum amylase level. Concurrent radiotherapy with systemic chemotherapy was given and remarkable shrinkage of the adrenal gland metastases was obtained together with pain relief. Cases 2 and 3 died after 8 and 4 months, respectively. In some cases, radiotherapy for adrenal gland metastasis is a good palliative therapy even in the advanced stage patients. Radiotherapy can sometimes curatively treat adrenal metastasis from NSCLC, as in our Case 1, in which adrenalectomy appeared difficult at the time of recurrence.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intra-arterial injection of adriamycin/mitomycin C lipiodol suspension in liver metastases.

Intra-arterial injection of a suspension of adriamycin and/or mitomycin C in Lipiodol was performed in 17 patients with hepatic metastases, which at angiography were poorly vascularized. Accumulation of Lipiodol in the tumors was demonstrated at computed tomography (CT) in 15 of 17 patients examined within one week. Follow-up with CT showed that Lipiodol remained in the tumor during the first month in 94 per cent, after 2 months in 31 per cent, and after 3 months in 17 per cent. In the non-tumor part of the liver Lipiodol disappeared earlier, and one month after injection it could no longer be traced on CT. In 8/17 cases (47%) CT, after intra-arterial injection of Lipiodol, gave superior information compared with CT after intravenous contrast enhancement. Tumor response was achieved in 9 of 16 cases. Particularly in metastases originating from cancer of the colon and stomach response was observed with a decrease in tumor size in 8 of 10 patients.

Adult↗