Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Scott

Publications and source records attributed to J Scott.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Assessing continuing education needs of five allied health professions in rural California.

Meeting the needs of rural health care professionals for continuing education remains a challenge for health planners. An assessment of these needs is the focus of this survey of rural practitioners. A continuing education needs survey of five allied health professions in an agricultural region of California was conducted. Variables selected related to professional education and retention and included paramedics, physical therapists, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, and medical technologists. Results indicated a strong need for high quality, moderate cost, locally offered continuing education seminars. Access to professional literature searches was also regarded as important. Several of the selected health profession groups were concerned about maintaining licensure; most intended to remain in their professions for at least six to ten years. These survey findings clearly suggest a need for centrally coordinated continuing education opportunities for allied health personnel in rural service delivery areas.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1988

Regional chromosomal localisation of APOA2 to 1q21-1q23.

Using in situ hybridisation, we have mapped APOA2 to the 1q21-1q23 region of chromosome 1. DNA hybridisation to somatic cell hybrids made from cells carrying a balanced translocation between X and 1 confirms the localisation as proximal to 1q23. This was further confirmed by the presence of two polymorphic alleles in a cell line carrying a deletion of 1q25-1q32.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Anesthetic mishaps and the cost of monitoring: a proposed standard for monitoring equipment.

Review of insurance data indicates that approximately 1.5 claims are paid per 10,000 anesthetic procedures, a conservative estimate of the incidence of preventable serious injury associated with anesthesia. Insurance data permit estimation of the premium cost for the anesthesiologist and hospital, per operating room per year, of $69,429.00. We propose the use of an enhanced monitoring standard requiring a pulse oximeter, capnograph, spirometer, halometer, automatic sphygmomanometer, breathing circuit oxygen analyzer, stethoscope, electrocardiographic monitor, and temperature monitor. We suggest that this premium cost, together with the estimate that 50% of incidents would be avoided, predicts a resultant saving of over $27,000/operating room/year, a savings equal to the entire cost of the enhanced monitoring system in approximately 8 months, or a yearly savings of over five times the annualized expense of the monitoring system. Thus, in addition to the moral imperative to monitor a patient during anesthesia to avoid injury and death, there is an economic incentive to monitor effectively.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1988

Outpatient cervical ripening with prostaglandin E2 gel in uncomplicated postdate pregnancies.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective investigation was undertaken to determine whether the outpatient administration of prostaglandin E2 gel was helpful for ripening the cervix in postdate pregnancies. One hundred eighteen women with an uncomplicated pregnancy at or beyond 42 weeks' gestation with an unripe cervix (Bishop score less than or equal to 5) were randomly administered a single dose of gel containing either 2.5 mg prostaglandin E2 (n = 55) or a placebo (n = 63) before induction of labor with Pitocin. No side effects were detected in these healthy mothers and fetuses. A distinct change in Bishop score after 12 hours occurred more often in the prostaglandin E2 than in the placebo group (42% versus 6%, p less than 0.0001). Forty-four women (80%) who had received prostaglandin E2 were admitted in early labor; they required little or no oxytocin for augmentation. The duration of labor and maximum dose of oxytocin infused were significantly decreased in the prostaglandin E2 group, and forceps delivery or primary cesarean sections were performed less often when prostaglandin E2 was used (24% versus 44%, p less than 0.05). The outpatient administration of a single dose of prostaglandin E2 gel is safe in the uncomplicated postdate pregnancy and was found to significantly change the unripe cervix, enhance the onset of labor, minimize the need for oxytocin administration, and encourage a spontaneous vaginal delivery.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1988

Audiological management in the recovery phase of bacterial meningitis.

During a specified 12-month period, a prospective study of all children admitted to a 139-bed city children's hospital with confirmed bacterial meningitis enabled assessment audiologically at 48 h, 6 weeks and 12 weeks post-admission using a test battery approach including auditory brainstem evoked responses and tympanometry. Results suggested conductive dysfunction to be a major cause of fluctuating hearing loss within the group. The incidence of sensori-neural loss was 16.6% of ears tested at final outcome. Results are discussed with reference to their implications for audiological management.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1988

Auditory brainstem evoked response inter-peak latencies in very low birthweight infants.

A population of very low birthweight (VLBW) infants consisting of 41 infants (24 female) less than 1000 g birthweight and 108 infants (63 female) 1000-1499 g together with a normative group of 36 full-term infants (18 female) 2400-4500 g birthweight were used to acquire auditory brainstem evoked response data. Inter-peak latency intervals were derived from the response and the data acquired were analysed across a range of related variables. The Wave V-III peak to peak latency interval was found to have significant age-related attributes together with an interactive birthweight effect, however no significant difference was established between the VLBW and normative groups when an age correction factor was applied.

Auditory Pathways↗
PubMed1988

Necrotizing sialometaplasia occurring during pregnancy: report of a case.

A case of NSM presenting as bilateral ulceration of the palate developing in the seventh month of pregnancy is reported. The lesions caused initial problems of differential diagnosis because they were more extensive than is often the case in NSM. However, healing followed simple palliative treatment for the ulcers. The etiology of NSM is discussed in relation to the vascular and hormonal changes of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Intravenous vasopressin and gastrointestinal hemorrhage in children.

Intravenous (IV) vasopressin has been used to control human upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage for over 30 years. Although the use of vasopressin has been studied extensively in adults, no study has evaluated its use in children. Vasopressin was used therapeutically in 15 episodes of esophageal variceal hemorrhage and two episodes of bleeding peptic ulcer. Nine of 17 episodes were controlled with vasopressin alone (53%). Balloon tamponade and variceal sclerosis were required for control in the remainder. Blood requirements averaged 53 mL/kg prior to control of hemorrhage. Metabolic complications occurred in 65% of the episodes. There were two groups of patients identified: those receiving greater or those receiving less than .01 units/kg/min of IV vasopressin. All of the complications identified occurred when greater than .01 U/kg/min of vasopressin were used (P less than .05). Control of bleeding was not improved with higher doses of vasopressin. These data suggest that the use of IV vasopressin at doses greater than .01 U/kg/min to control GI bleeding will increase the incidence of complications without improving control of hemorrhage.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Autobiographical memory in depression.

Recent research has shown that suicidal patients are not only biased in the speed with which they can remember positive and negative events from their past, but that they also find it more difficult to be specific in their memories. That is, they tend to recall sequences of events, or time periods, rather than single episodes. This tendency has been found to be more evident with positive than with negative events. This paper examines whether the same phenomenon can be observed in patients with a diagnosis of primary Major Depressive Disorder. Twenty depressed patients and twenty matched controls were presented with positive and negative cue words and asked to retrieve specific personal memories. Results showed that depressives (unlike controls) took longer to respond to positive than to negative cues. In addition, the depressed patients were less specific in their memories, especially in response to positive cues. These results are explained within a 'descriptions' theory of autobiographical memory, and the remedial implications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A fatal transfusion reaction associated with blood contaminated with Pseudomonas fluorescens.

A fatal transfusion reaction due to contamination of platelet-depleted whole blood with Pseudomonas fluorescens is reported. Routine sterility testing on blood products and environmental microbiological monitoring suggested no source for the contaminating organism, as has been the case for the majority of reported incidents of this type. The value of routine sterility testing in the prevention and investigation of such incidents is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Structural characterization of the human platelet-derived growth factor A-chain cDNA and gene: alternative exon usage predicts two different precursor proteins.

The human platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A-chain locus was characterized by restriction endonuclease analysis, and the nucleotide sequence of its exons was determined. Seven exons were identified, spanning approximately 22 kilobase pairs of genomic DNA. Alternative exon usage, identified by cDNA cloning, occurs in a human glioblastoma cell line and may give rise to two types of A-chain precursors with different C termini. The exon-intron arrangement was similar to that of the PDGF B-chain/sis locus and seemed to divide the precursor proteins into functional domains. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA showed that a single PDGF A-chain gene was present in the human genome.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Histological analysis of parotid and submandibular glands in chronic alcohol abuse: a necropsy study.

A quantitative histological analysis of the major salivary glands was carried out at necropsy in 28 alcoholics and in a series of age and sex matched controls. The findings were related to the different types of histologically diagnosed liver disease present. Significant quantitative changes of salivary gland structure were noted in cirrhosis but not in other forms of alcoholic liver disease. In cirrhotic subjects the parotid contained proportionally more adipose but less acinar tissues than in controls. The submandibular gland showed a proportional increase in adiposity and reduction in fibrovascular tissues but no noticeable reduction in its acinar proportional volume. Neither grossly detectable parotid enlargement nor acinar hypertrophy, a feature which has previously been noted as characteristic of alcoholic sialadenosis, were evident in this series. These findings provide little structural support for the reportedly increased secretory capacity of salivary glands in chronic alcohol abuse.

Adipose Tissue↗