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Biomedical subjects

J Schubert

Publications and source records attributed to J Schubert.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

MHC-I antigen expression determines sensitivity of hematopoetic progenitor cells as targets for NK cells.

Hybrid resistance is suggested to be mediated by NK lymphocytes as effector cells. NK cytotoxicity is triggered by specific NK cells receptors. One group of receptors recognizing MHC-I antigens is predominantly transmitting an inhibitory signal into the cell. However, NK cells have not been shown to recognize hematopoetic progenitor cells directly. In these studies we demonstrate that hematopoetic progenitor cells are sensitive targets for NK recognition. NK cytotoxicity is shown to depend on MHC-I antigen expression on these target cells. Bone marrow-derived hematopoetic progenitor cells from a beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mouse strain exhibit a significant increase of cytotoxic susceptibility compared with the wild type control. CFU-assays reveal an almost complete loss of proliferation after coincubating MHC-I-deficient bone marrow cells with NK cells from the wildtype mouse strain. The examination of H-2K in allorecognition of hematopoetic progenitor cells reveals an increased cytotoxicity after treatment of resistant syngeneic hematopoetic progenitor cells with H-2Kb F(ab)2-antibodies. Also masking of allogeneic hematopoetic progenitor cells with anti-H-2Kd F (ab)2-antibodies results in enhanced NK killing. Thus, hematopoetic progenitor cells are sensitive targets for NK cells and MHC-I antigen complex is the critical structure in NK recognition of hematopoetic progenitor cells. This complex mediates resistance of NK-specific lysis of hematopoetic progenitor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Erysipelas and elephantiasis of the scrotum--surgery and drug therapy.

Elephantiasis of the scrotum is the terminal stage of persistent refractory lymphedema. Its debilitating functional and cosmetic effects have significant psychological, emotional and social consequences for the affected patient. The causal relationship between etiology and recurrent disease is illustrated here by 2 cases. Therapy options are also discussed. Primary therapeutic success is determined by radical surgery, since chronic inflammation and chronic oedema mutually foster one another. Metabolic stability, sanitization of infected cutaneous areas and the prophylactic administration of antibiotics are essential to ensure that the treatment of recurrent erysipelas is successful in the long term.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Strangulation of the scrotum.

A man presented to our department showed scrotal swelling and beginning priapism due to a ball bearing ring. The patient had passed his scrotum through the metal ring eight years before. Now he has observed an increasing swelling for seven days. The condition had to be treated operatively.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1997

Serum transforming growth factor-beta1 in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

PURPOSE: A major problem of renal cell carcinoma is the prediction of metastases via tumor prognostic markers. Therefore, much effort has been committed to the development of new prognostic markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The level of transforming growth factor-beta1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples collected from patients with renal cell carcinoma before radical nephrectomy. RESULTS: In serum samples from 21 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 21 healthy controls mean transforming growth factor-beta1 levels were 177 +/- 54.1 versus 65.6 +/- 15.8 ng./ml., respectively. This difference was statistically significant (Mann-Whitney U test p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Increased levels of transforming growth factor-beta1 are common in serum of patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1997

[Implants in urology].

During the past three decades, the use of implants both in urology and other surgical specialties has experienced exponential growth. The development of implantable genitourinary prostheses has similarly grown from simple testicular substitutes to the large group of implantable penile prostheses, artificial urinary sphincters, prostheses in neurology, and possible future developments of artificial bladder and ureteral materials. The majority of urologic prostheses are constructed of silicone, because it is relatively inert, but nevertheless silicone causes some local tissue reactions and deteriorates with time. Currently, much research is underway studying the effects on the human host. Although multiple mechanical malfunctions of these prosthetic devices have occurred, periprosthetic infection is the most disastrous complication which usually leads to removal of the prostheses. This article gives the clinician an overview of common complex urologic implants, especially the current development of prostheses in the field of neurology.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1997

[Is there a renaissance of conservative therapy in plastic penile induration?].

The management of Peyronies's disease should include an exact pretherapeutic staging. Diagnostic methods like ultrasound imaging, X-ray using "mammography technique" and magnetic resonance imaging are modalities of choice. The good results of new conservative therapy options have to be evaluated in randomized multicentric studies. Surgical therapy shows good results in patients with calcified plaques.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1997

[Analysis of primary management of bladder malfunction in traumatic paraplegic patients].

UNLABELLED: Intermittent catheterisation is the demanded therapy of bladder paralysis during the spinal shock. We investigated the realisation of this concept. In 1994 after first treatment in other hospitals 97 patients were treated in the Thuringian Spinal Cord Centre Sülzhayn. The primary treatment of the paralysed bladder was: indwelling catheter: 44 patients (45.4%), suprapubic catheter: 30 patients (30.9%). Only 15 patients (15.5%) were catheterized intermittently. No urological treatment was carried out in seven cases. CONCLUSION: The primary treatment of bladder analysis in spinal cord injured patients has to be improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Diagnostic value of natural fill cystometry in neurogenic bladder in children.

OBJECTIVE: Investigation of the diagnostic value of natural fill cystometry (NFC) in children with neurogenic bladder in comparison to conventional videocystometry (CVC). METHODS: We investigated 20 children (aged 6-11; 15 girls and 5 boys) with the following diagnoses: 6 myelomeningocele, 2 tethered cord syndrome, 1 syringomyelia, 1 Vater syndrome, 1 suprasacral spinal cord injury, 9 suspected neurogenic bladder. We carried out a NFC after completing standard diagnostic including a slow-filling CVC. RESULTS: All investigations were completed successfully. The investigation lasted 6-20.5 h (mean 11:15 h). We registered phases of sleep, waking consciousness and micturition. CVC findings were confirmed in 45%: normal bladder function was confirmed in 2 patients (10%), bladder hyperactivity was confirmed in 7 patients (35%). In 55% we obtained different findings on NFC in comparison to the slow-filling CVC: bladder hyperactivity was not confirmed in 2 (10%), detection of bladder hyperactivity was found in 4 children (20%) with normal bladder function on CVC, detection of bladder hyperactivity on NFC was found in 5 children (25%) with low-compliance bladder on CVC. In 45% of all children, NFC detected new findings compared with CVC diagnoses. In 10%, possible artifacts (e.g. due to catheterization) of CVC were recognized. CVC findings were confirmed in 45%. CONCLUSION: These results are preliminary but they suggest that this is a new diagnostic method for improving the diagnostic standard in the childhood neurogenic bladder.

Child↗
PubMed1997

[Preoperative aspirin therapy--a contraindication for kidney transplantation?].

INTRODUCTION: The influence of ASA treatment on haemostasis is still debated. There are doubts in case of emergency operations, especially in transplant patients, concerning dosage and change of medication. METHODS: Our results are based on an analysis of the therapeutical behavior in German transplantation centers. The question of transplant suitability, dosage and haemostatic effects will be discussed in comparison to the literature. RESULTS: 85.7% of the transplantation centers perform the operation despite of and under ASA treatment. In these cases an increased bleeding tendency is tolerated and observed in 33.3% of the centers. An increased mortality has not been reported. Most of the transplantation centers accept a dosage of 100 mg ASA daily. Only 14.3% of the transplantation centers refuse the operation in ASA treated patients. CONCLUSIONS: Correctly indicated ASA treatment (cardiac arrhythmia, patients with embolism or thrombosis) isn't a contraindication for renal transplantation (daily dosage up to 100 mg). In elective cases however, a preoperative change of the medication is recommended, e.g. the use of heparin instead of ASA.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1997

Symptoms and character traits in patients selected for long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy.

In this naturalistic study of 55 outpatients selected for long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy, two Swedish assessment instruments are presented (the Karolinska Psychodynamic Profile and the Karolinska Scales of Personality), and the significance of psychodynamic criteria for the selection of patients is discussed. Thirty patients (55%) fulfilled criteria for a DSM-III-R diagnosis. The most prominent psychodynamically defined character pathology was found in the areas of coping with aggressive affects; dependency and separation; frustration tolerance; and impulse control. Some psychodynamically defined character traits, particularly poor frustration tolerance, were related to symptomatic suffering.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Chronic lymphedema in the genital area. Etiology and therapeutic possibilities].

The chronic lymph edema, the elephantiasis of the male genitals, is a rare in areas without endemic filiriasis. The genesis of the lymph edema in the genital area is manifold. Diagnostic procedures and considerations determine the chain of events leading to the development of lymph edema in the genital area. Only then, an optimal treatment concept may be established. This includes conservative, conservative surgical, and surgical techniques. The principles of a differentiated treatment procedure is demonstrated by using the literature. The individual procedure depends mainly on the etiology, course of the disease, and the local situation.

Elephantiasis↗
PubMed1997

[EMG surface polygraphy of the pelvic floor--description of functional changes after radical prostatectomy].

Urinary stress incontinence after radical prostatectomy could be cured by physiotherapy in a high percentage. The authors developed an investigation procedure for description of myoelectrical activity of pelvic floor with surface electrodes. 10 patients were studied 1 day before, 10 days and 6 months after radical prostatectomy. Significant changes of amplitude and frequency characteristics could not be found in rest and during the stationary intervals of maximal contraction. But after the operation in all patients changed the activation pattern within the interval of increasing muscle contraction. The mean and median frequency decreased significantly (Friedman-test, p < 0.001). This was interpreted as a problem of intramuscular coordination. After physiotherapy urinary incontinence was cured or improved. The typical activation pattern of dyscoordination was not more evident after 6 months.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Adrenal cortex insufficiency caused by metastatic tumors].

Clinical features and the management of adrenal insufficiency are considered with reference to etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Specifically considered are the management of patients with Addison's disease and metastases. Adrenal insufficiency may go unrecognized in the cancer patients because features such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia as well as orthostatic hypotension are not specific and may be mistakenly attributed to advancing malignancy or side effects of therapy. Prompt recognition and treatment of adrenal insufficiency can avert potentially life-threatening situations.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1996

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the partial genomes of Agropyron and Hordeum mosaic viruses, two members of the Rymovirus genus in the taxonomic family Potyviridae.

Complementary DNAs encompassing the coat protein coding and adjacent regions of Agropyron mosaic virus (AgMV) and Hordeum mosaic virus (HoMV) were cloned and sequenced. Comparison with other sequenced potyviruses indicated that each clone contained the 3'-non-coding region (3'NCR), the coat protein (CP) gene and part of the nuclear inclusion protein (NIb) gene. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparisons of the 3'-terminal regions of these and other rymoviruses indicate that distinct groups exist. Ryegrass mosaic virus (RGMV) strains share sequence similarity with AgMV and HoMV. Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) and brome streak mosaic virus (BrSMV) form a separate group, sharing limited sequence similarity with the other rymoviruses. It is proposed that subgroups occur within the Rymovirus genus, depending on the vector species involved in transmission and on sequences.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Induratio penis plastica--a factor of erectile dysfunction?

There are still diverse management options in Peyronie's disease and diverse opinions about the coincidence of Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction as well. The connection between Peyronie's disease and ED has been proved by some papers but on the other hand authors have refused to accept this claim. We have found erectile dysfunction in about 30% of our patients. We investigated 61 patients with Peyronie's disease. As diagnostic criteria assessment of angulation and erectile dysfunction are proposed. The tunica albuginea plication technique was used in 35 patients with good results. In our investigation we did not find any coincidence of Peyronie's disease with erectile dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Adrenal gland carcinoma--status of diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities].

Innovations in diagnosis and therapy of adrenal neoplasms require a discussion about these tumors. Especially, the articles deal with the radiologic evaluation of the adrenal gland, technical as well as perioperative considerations of adrenalectomy, and adrenocortical carcinoma. Several conclusions can be drawn from our own results and a review of the literature. Firstly, the diagnostic accuracy should improve with advances in magnetic resonance imaging. Secondly, all asymptomatic nonfunctional adrenal masses about 3 cm require removal. Thirdly, adrenocortical carcinomas are generally curable only if small and localized. Fourthly, among the adrenal tumors, pheochromocytomas--especially malignant pheochromocytomas--deserve a careful approach: adequate preparation and early ligation of the adrenal vein after transabdominal access are the main goals. Finally, adjuvant treatment regimens for more advanced adrenocortical carcinomas using mitotane and conventional multiagent chemotherapy need to be evaluated in randomized trials.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

Changes in telomere lengths in renal cell carcinomas.

Telomeres, the extreme ends of chromosomes, play an important role in chromosome structure and function. The shortening of telomeres is one of the supposed mechanisms of cellular aging and death. Because of end replication problems the length of telomeres decreases with every cell cycle. This may lead to chromosome instability and additional genetic alterations possibly responsible of significant tumor development. In many cancer cells the length of telomeres depends on a balance between the loss of telomeric repeats, at each replication cycle, and the telomere lengthening, by the enzyme telomerase, which is repressed in most normal somatic cells. Many tumor cells demonstrate shortened telomeres in comparison to the corresponding normal tissue. In some types of human cancers the reduction of telomeric repeats was correlated with increasing disease severity. We analyzed Southern blots of HINF1-digested DNA of a large number of renal cell carcinomas (RCC) including different tumor areas, secondary tumors and metastases (76 cases with 142 tumor samples) for changes in the length of telomeric repeats using the oligonucleotide probe (TTAGGG)3 and found telomere shortening in 54%, suggesting that a reduction of the telomeric repeat length is not a general characteristic in RCC. Intratumor heterogeneity was demonstrated in seven cases. But also two RCC, with elongated telomeres in the tumor tissue, were observed. Shortened telomeres do not seem to be associated with advanced stages of tumor development or specific histopathological subtypes of RCC.

Adult↗