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Biomedical subjects

J Schmitz

Publications and source records attributed to J Schmitz.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Normal values of the main stool constituents from age 1 year to puberty (author's transl)].

The daily excretions of the main stool constituents have been measured during 97 balance periods performed in 73 children aged 1 to 17 years and whose digestive functions could be considered as normal. From 1 to 2, 2 to 6, and 6 to 17 years of age, the following values (mean and range) have been obtained: expressed in g/day, for stool wet weight: 61 (33-112), 79 (19-157), 76 (22-166); for nitrogen: 0.49 (0.26-1.06), 0.74 (0.3-2.13), 0.83 (0.3-1.52); for fat: 2 (1-3.6), 1.9 (0.9-3.2), 1.8 (0.6-4.5); expressed in mmol/day for volatile acids: 10.1 (5.2-18), 13.7 (1.8-23.7), 10.1 (3.5-27.5); for Na+ : 0.7 (0.3-1.2), 1 (0.1-3.2), 1.1 (0.1-4); for K+ : 4.4 (3-6.7), 5.1 (1.7-10.4), 5.9 (1.6-11). Only wet weight and nitrogen vary significantly from the first to the second period of age (p less than 0.05 and less 0.01 respectively). Wet weight is highly correlated with volatile acid excretion (p less than 0.001) but weakly linked to fecal fat which implies that the measurement of the percentage of fat in fresh stools is not a correct estimate of their absorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Value of M-mode echocardiography for non-invasive diagnosis of Ebstein's anomaly.

M-mode echocardiographic studies were performed in 11 patients, most of them adults, with Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve, proven by cardiac catheterisation. Simultaneous recordings of the tricuspid and mitral valves were obtained in all cases, the transducer position being outside the left midclavicular line in seven patients. Tricuspid valve closure followed mitral valve closure in all cases, with an interval ranging between 0.04 and 0.14 s. Since, in more than 8500 routine echocardiographic studies a valve closure interval between 0.09 and 0.12 s was seen in only one patient without Ebstein's anomaly, an interval of 0.065 s or more should be regarded as diagnostic of Ebstein's disease; however, an interval shorter than 0.065 s does not exclude this diagnosis. In all patients a paradoxical septal movement was found. Two patients showed an atypical three-peaked diastolic pattern of movement of the anterior tricuspid leaflet and one patient also showed mitral valve prolapse. Pathological tricuspid valve closure delay, shown by echocardiography, makes it possible to diagnose Ebstein's anomaly in many cases without resort to cardiac catheterisation which has a relatively high risk in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of membrane proteins of microvilli and of a cytoplasmic fraction in 8 cases of congenital saccharose intolerance].

The protein composition of the brush border membrane and of a cytoplasmic fraction has been studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate in 8 children with congenital sucrose intolerance. The sucrase-isomaltase complex was not found (6 times) or in trace amounts (2 times) among the brush border membrane proteins whereas an abnormal band was visible among the cytoplasmic proteins in the 4 cases where they have been studied. These results suggest that a structural mutation affecting the signal sequence necessary for the complex to be transferred on the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane could be at the origin of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Perfusion study of intestinal sugar absorption after extensive intestinal resection (author's transl)].

Small bowel adaptation after extensive intestinal resection has been studied in 5 children. A segmental perfusion technique was used to evaluate the kinetics of glucose absorption and sucrose hydrolysis. The activity of 6 brush border hydrolases and the mean villus height were measured in intestinal biopsies. Glucose absorption was greater than in 3 control children of the same age and was almost complete. Sucrose hydrolysis was increased in the same proportion and the maximum capacity of the segment was 2 mmol/min/20 cm as compared to 1.2 mmol/min/20 cm in the control group. Absorption of the released monosaccharides was complete for glucose and as high as in controls for fructose. Brush border hydrolase activities were identical to those of controls whereas the mean villus height was increased (438 micrometer as compared to 342 micrometer) although the difference was not significant. These results demonstrate the functional adaptation of the remaining small bowel and confirm that it is due to compensatory hyperplasia.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗
PubMed1980

[Johanson-Blizzard's syndrome: another cause of pancreatic lipomatosis (author's transl)].

A new case of Johanson-Blizzard's syndrome is reported. It concerns a boy born to consanguineous parents and who died at the age of 10 months from malnutrition. Anal imperforation, alar agenesia, hair anomalies, mental retardation and external pancreatic failure were associated. Neither deafness nor hypothyroidism appeared to be present. Autopsy revealed lipomatous hypoplasia of the exocrine pancreas, hitherto unobserved in this syndrome, and probably responsible for the external pancreatic failure noted in published cases. The variability within a given family of the Johanson-Blizzard malformative syndrome is illustrated by two other cases reported in the anamnesis, one involving a brother who had died earlier with cutaneous aplasia at the fontanella and lacrimal canal malposition and one involving a second cousin who presented with isolated anal imperforation.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

Route of infection, systemic host resistance, and integrity of ganglionic axons influence acute and latent herpes simplex virus infection of the superior cervical ganglion.

The character of acute and latent herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) in mice depended on the route by which the virus reached the ganglion, the level of systemic host resistance, and the integrity of postganglionic nerves. Prevention of ganglionic infection by postganglionic neurectomy carried out before intraocular (i.o.) virus challenge established the importance of the neural route in the development of SCG infection. However, hematogenous virus dissemination also led to SCG infection although with reduced frequency compared to that with i.o. inoculation. Enhanced host systemic antiviral resistance had two divergent effects on ganglionic infection depending on the dose and timing of virus inoculation. Thus, both acute and latent ganglionic infections were concomitantly reduced when resistant C57B1/6 mice were challenged with low doses of virus or when less resistant BALB/c mice were actively immunized 1 week before virus challenge. On the other hand, when resistant mice were challenged with high doses of virus or when either active or passive (antibody) immunization was delayed long enough to assure viral access to the ganglion, intraganglionic viral replication during the acute phase of infection was reduced, but the prevalence of subsequent latent infection was either unaffected or actually enhanced. Postganglionic neurectomy, performed after virus had reached the ganglion, altered the course of SCG infection in a direction opposite that of immunization, augmenting the acute phase of viral replication while reducing latency. In athymic nude mice and mice immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide, intraganglionic viral replication was prolonged. These results emphasize that host factors both extrinsic and intrinsic to the SCG modify the course of ganglionic infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Circulating somatomedin activity and growth hormone secretion. Changes during late diagnosed celiac disease and effects of treatment].

Sixteen children, aged 5-19 years with late diagnosed coeliac disease who presented with significant growth delay were studied. Plasma somatomedin was decreased in all patients (mean 0.28 +/- 0.1) but the circulating growth hormone levels were normal in 12 patients. No inhibitory activity could be detected. Somatomedin activity was partially corrected in six patients who were re-examined after 3 months on a gluten free diet. This suggests that low somatomedin levels may be the result of the nutritional abnormalities during the active phase of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus infection of the autonomic nervous system by postganglionic neurectomy.

Latent herpes simplex virus infection of the superior cervical autonomic ganglion was reactivated in vivo by postganglionic neurectomy. Two methods were used to demonstrate viral reactivation: (i) recovery of infectious herpes simplex virus in ganglion homogenates and (ii) acceleration of virus expression in ganglion explants in culture. Both the percentage of mice exhibiting reactivated ganglion infection and the viral titers detected in ganglia increased when neurectomized mice were treated with cyclophosphamide. Antithymocyte serum treatment prolonged the time course over which neurectomy-induced virus could be detected, but neither antithymocyte serum nor cyclophosphamide reactivated herpes simplex virus in the absence of neurectomy. These results demonstrate that postganlionic neurectomy provides a specific stimulus for herpes simplex virus reactivation and that cell-mediated immune defense are involved in the highly efficient elimination of reactivated virus from the ganglion in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Protein patterns of brush-border fragments in congenital lactose malabsorption and in specific hypolactasia of the adult.

Brush-border membrane proteins of the small-bowel mucosa were separated on polyacrylamide gels from intestinal biopsy specimens obtained from four children with congenital lactose malabsorption and from two adults with specific hypolactasia. In three patients with the congenital type of lactase deficiency the protein band corresponding to brush-border lactase was reduced in intensity, but was never completely absent. No difference in gel patterns was detected when this pattern in congenital deficiency was compared to that obtained from the two patients with adult-type selective hypolactasia. In one patient with congenital lactose malabsorption the protein band corresponding to lactase activity was not detectable. The findings suggest that the mechanisms leading to low lactase activity in the congenital and adult forms of lactose intolerance are similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Enzymes of the human intestinal brush border membrane. Identification after gel electrophoretic separation.

The postition of a number of human intestine brush border membrane enzyme activities in polyacrylamide gels after electrophoresis has been determined. These activities are, in order from the origin, maltase/glucoamylase, lactase/phlorizin hydrolase, maltase/sucrase/isomaltase, enteropeptidase, trehalase and gamma-glutamyl-transferase. Leucylnaphthylamide hydrolyzing activity was inactivated by sodium dodecylsulfate and its position was not determined. The positions of the activities have been correlated with the positions of protein bands previously determined. One such band situated between enteropeptidase and alkaline phosphatase has not been identified.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

Modification of an assay for trypsin and its application for the estimation of enteropeptidase.

A sensitive method for the estimation of trypsin and enteropeptidase is described. The use of alpha-N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-p-nitroanilide as substrate in combination with the Bratton-Marshall reaction increased the sensitivity of an established method to a degree which permits the determination of enteropeptidase at considerably lower activity levels than heretofore such as those expected in brush border membrane preparations from peroral biopsies of human small intestine.

Anilides↗