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Biomedical subjects

J Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to J Schmidt.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Tuberculous septic polyarthritis caused by Mycobacterium bovis].

Infections due to Mycobacterium bovis have become uncommon. We report a case with polyarthritis and cutaneous nodules suggesting a rheumatic disease. This 61 year old male under corticosteroid therapy for asthma developed febrile arthritis of the right wrist and cutaneous nodules that resolved rapidly under treatment with penicillin M and an aminoglycoside. Six months later, he developed arthritis of the right wrist and both elbows, as well as infection of a right hip prosthesis. The left wrist and left knee were then affected concomitantly. The cutaneous nodules recurred. A giant cell granuloma without caseous necrosis was found upon examination of a biopsy specimen from a nodule. Granulomatous lesions with caseous necrosis were seen in a specimen of synovial membrane from the right wrist. Antituberculous treatment ensured resolution of the arthritides and nodules but failed to prevent loosening of the hip prosthesis. Acid-fast bacilli were found in the specimens taken during removal of the prosthesis. After three months, cultures of synovial membrane specimens from the knee grew Mycobacterium bovis.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1993

[Importance of newly defined epiphyseal version in diagnosis and therapy of epiphysiolysis capitis femoris (additional data to epiphyseal dislocation and epiphyseal torsion)].

The displacement of the femoral epiphysis in epiphyseolysis capitis femoris is usually determined by measuring both the epiphysis-diaphysis angle (ED angle) in the plane of the dislocation and the epiphysis-torsion angle (ET angle) in the torsional plane. In this paper we define an epiphyseal version angle (EV angle) in the sagittal plane of the femur, calculate it trigonometrically and show it in diagrams and tables. The clinical application of the EV angle indicates that in cases of displacement with an ED angle of less than 135 degrees, absolute displacement is better shown than with the ET angle. Additionally, the EV angle improves our comprehension of the 3-D displacement due to the fact that, in the "Lauenstein" x-ray, the femur is increasingly projected more in a sagittal plane with increasing abduction. The essential correction using the Imhäuser-osteotomy is also done in the sagittal plane. The ability of the orthopaedic surgeon to visualize the situation in three dimensions is also improved by this additional standard plane.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1993

[Phacoemulsification without suture. Results of implantation of a large optic PMMA lens].

Sutureless phacoemulsification with implantation of a 7-mm PMMA intraocular lens was performed through a modified scleral tunnel in 100 consecutive patients. This was done to minimize postoperative astigmatism while retaining the advantages of implanting intraocular lenses with large optics. Visual and keratometric results and complications are reported after completion of a follow-up period of 6 months for the first 30 patients. Average uncorrected visual acuity improved from 0.13 preoperatively to 0.30 as early as 1 week postoperatively. Average best-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.23 before surgery to 0.51 as early as 1 week after surgery. No significant changes in visual acuity were recorded thereafter. The absolute value of keratometric astigmatism was not increased significantly at any postoperative examination time. The induced cylinder (Jaffe and Clayman) shifted from -1.27 D x 166 degrees at 1 week to 1.18 D x 91 degrees at 1 month postoperatively without further relevant changes thereafter. Endothelial cell loss did not differ from that reported by other authors after conventional cataract surgery. Corneal thickness was not increased significantly at any postoperative examination time. Implantation of intraocular lenses with large optics through a scleral tunnel allows quick visual rehabilitation as well as early stability of refraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Management of multiple trauma.

Multiple trauma management requires organization, teamwork, and rapid clinical intervention. The physician in both the trauma center and the community hospital should have a system for evaluation, treatment, and referral. Certain patients may have uncharacteristic responses to shock and stress, and one must be prepared to re-evaluate treatment plans. Finally, caring for trauma victims also includes knowledge of organ donation and survivor death counseling.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

A small novel chloroplast ribosomal protein (S31) that has no apparent counterpart in the E. coli ribosome.

Higher plant chloroplast ribosomes contain several novel protein components whose homologues are not present in the eubacterial E. coli ribosome, indicating a complex evolution of the chloroplast translational apparatus following the endosymbiotic event. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of a new small protein from spinach chloroplast ribosome which has, based on the amino acid sequence and immunological data, no counterpart in the E. coli ribosome. We suggest a nomenclature suitable for this protein and other novel proteins in the chloroplast ribosome.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[The "hemorrhagic bowel syndrome" of swine: clinical, pathologo-anatomic and etiopathogenic aspects].

In an analysis of autopsy findings from 16,384 pigs (1980-90) 436 cases of haemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS) were found (2.66% of autopsies). In most cases fattening pigs (in the weight of 25-100 kg) were affected. HBS was significantly more frequent in females. Intestinal volvulus was confirmed in 56.2% of all cases of HBS, however by more careful examination between 1988 and 1990 even in 80% of cases. In most cases the degree of torsion was 180 degrees and the direction as seen with the pig lying on its back was anticlockwise. Clinical history as reported by owners revealed limited information: sudden death of one or several pigs within three months, association with whey feeding not uncommon. Significantly more cases of HBS were seen during spring and on mondays. Numerous yeasts could be detected in mucosal impression smears of ileum, colon and caecum. Additional analyses in six farms suffering from big losses due to HBS suggested that several environmental and management factors may be involved pathogenetically: feeding only once a day of excessive amounts of a liquid diet, especially whey (a highly fermentable substrate), poor hygiene of liquid diets (high bacterial counts and yeast concentrations). In mixed breeding and fattening units, the aforementioned factors could be responsible also for sudden deaths in dry sows caused by colonic bloat often associated with intestinal rupture and torsions of the stomach and/or the spleen.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1993

Passage of amino acids and glucose across the blood-brain barrier in patients with hepatic encephalopathy.

We repeatedly measured blood-brain barrier passage of phenylalanine, leucine, glucose and GABA in nine patients with hepatic encephalopathy using the intravenous double-indicator technique. Controls were four patients without liver disease and two of the patients who had recovered completely from their hepatic encephalopathy. The corrected cerebral venous output curves were fitted by use of a three-compartment model with four parameters. In the patients with hepatic encephalopathy, the permeability-surface area products for phenylalanine and leucine from the blood to the brain and from the brain interstitial fluid to the intracellular compartment, the unidirectional extraction and the brain amino acid influx were similar in the two groups. The permeability from the brain back to blood for phenylalanine was decreased by 72% in patients with hepatic encephalopathy compared with that in the control group (p < 0.05), whereas no difference was seen for leucine. The permeability from the brain back to the blood for phenylalanine decreased with coma grade and normalized in the two patients who recovered. Correspondingly, the calculated brain interstitial fluid concentration of phenylalanine was increased in the patients with hepatic encephalopathy. The transfer variables for blood-brain barrier passage of glucose were similar in the two groups. The permeability from the blood to the brain for GABA was very low in both the patients with hepatic encephalopathy and the control group. We conclude that in hepatic encephalopathy the permeability from brain to blood for phenylalanine decreases with coma grade. The decrease is caused by an increased interstitial fluid concentration of the amino acid. No evidence was found of general or selective blood-brain barrier disturbance in hepatic encephalopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Locoregional disease.

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Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1992

Cytogenetic analysis of an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the Bartholin's gland. A rare, semimalignant tumor of the female genitourinary tract.

Cytogenetic analysis has been performed on short-term cultures from a 56-year-old woman suffering from an adenoid cystic carcinoma of Bartholin's gland. Beside a normal female karyotype, the tumor revealed an abnormal cell line with complex chromosome changes involving the chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 11, 22, and 14. The mainly structural and nonbalanced rearrangements led to the loss of the chromosome segments 1p31----qter, 4q22----q28, 6p12----qter, 11p11.2----pter, 14q24----qter, and 22q13----qter. Clonal numerical aberrations were not observed. To our knowledge, such a tumor has to-date not been cytogenetically investigated.

Bartholin's Glands↗
PubMed1992

Expression of myogenic factors in skeletal muscle and electric organ of Torpedo californica.

Fish electric organ is a skeletal muscle homolog in which many muscle-specific genes are inhibited while acetylcholine receptor is expressed at high levels. The molecular mechanisms underlying this discoordinate regulation have not yet been explored. We have obtained partial sequences for MyoD, myogenin, and myf5 from Torpedo californica and have measured their mRNAs in several organs, using ribonuclease protection. We have found that MyoD and myf5 are expressed at comparable levels in muscle and electric organ, whereas myogenin transcripts could not be detected in either tissue. Acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit mRNA, on the other hand, is two orders of magnitude more abundant in electric tissue. We conclude that neither the loss of contractile proteins from, nor the enhanced expression of acetylcholine receptor genes in, the differentiating electrocyte is a simple consequence of the abundance of myogenic factor messages.

Amino Acid Sequence↗