Biomedical subjects

J Schilling

Publications and source records attributed to J Schilling.

94 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation and characterization of the human pulmonary surfactant apoprotein gene.

Pulmonary surfactant is a phospholipid-protein complex which serves to lower the surface tension at the air-liquid interface in the alveoli of the mammalian lung and is essential for normal respiration. Inadequate levels of surfactant at birth, a frequent situation in premature infants, results in respiratory failure. In all species examined, surfactant is composed primarily of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and two major protein species of relative molecular mass (Mr) 32,000 (32K) and 10K (refs 2-5). Reconstitution in vitro of purified 32K pulmonary surfactant apoprotein (PSAP) with synthetic lipids forms a lipoprotein complex that lowers surface tension by spreading to create a thin interfacial film. Here we describe the cloning of the human PSAP gene and complementary DNA, and discuss features of the unusual encoded protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Anaerobic co-digestion of aircraft deicing fluid and municipal wastewater sludge.

At many airports, aircraft deicing fluid and precipitation mix, becoming aircraft deicing runoff having a 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) of 10(2) to 10(6) mg/L. Publicly owned treatment works can be used for aerobic biological treatment; however, it may be more economical to use anaerobic digesters to codigest a mixture of aircraft deicing fluid and sludge. The objectives of this investigation were to determine benefits and appropriate propylene glycol aircraft deicing fluid loadings to anaerobic codigesters. Results demonstrate aircraft deicing fluid can be successfully codigested to produce methane; supernatant BOD5 and Kjeldahl nitrogen concentration were not higher in codigesters compared to a conventional digester. Aircraft deicing fluid loadings as high as 1.6 g chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L x d were sustainable in codigesters, whereas system fed only aircraft deicing fluid with nutrients and alkalinity achieved a loading of 0.65 g COD/L x d. The sludge used increased digester alkalinity and provided nitrogen, iron, nickel, cobalt, and biomass required for methanogenesis. The deicer provides organics for increased methane production.

Aircraft↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Methods for diagnosing placenta praevia].

All methods of placenta praevia diagnosis such as: amniography, cystography, arteriography soft X-ray, displacement, isotope technique, thermography, Doppler's technique, and NMR have been surveyed and compared. Historical background of each technique respective modifications, interpretation of the results, complications, contraindications and safety are discussed.

Diagnostic Imaging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotic prophylaxis in gastroduodenal surgery.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In a retrospective process quality control trial, proper use of antimicrobial prophylaxis in gastroduodenal operations according to the standard guidelines was studied. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 132 consecutive adult patients (pts), who underwent gastroduodenal surgery in a University Hospital, were enrolled to this study protocol. There were 88 males and 44 females of with mean (+/-SD) age of 58.7 (+/-9.1) years old. The patients were divided into 4 groups based on surgical antibiotic prophylaxis policy. Group A consisted of surgical pts receiving appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis (a 2nd generation cephalosporin) when there was indication. Group B consisted of pts without indication who did not receive prophylaxis, Group C pts who, although antibiotic prophylaxis was indicated, were not given prophylaxis, and Group D pts without indication who received prophylaxis. RESULTS: Of 132 pts examined, appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis was received by 28 pts (21%) (Group A). In 62 pts (47%), antibiotic prophylaxis was not indicated and not administered (Group B). On the contrary, in 42 pts (32%), although antibiotic prophylaxis was indicated, it was not given (Group C). No patient received prophylaxis without indication. The following infections were found: wound infection (n = 10), pneumonia (n = 6), severe sepsis (n = 2), urinary tract infection (n = 2), and fever of unknown origin (n = 2). Where correct antibiotic prophylaxis policy was followed (Groups A and B), 6 post-operative infections occurred (6.7%), with a mean (+/-SD) hospital length of stay 14.4 (+/-3.2) days. In contrast, in the group with incorrect antibiotic prophylaxis policy (group D), 16 infectious complications occurred (38%) (p = 0.001), with a mean (+/-SD) hospital length of stay 22.5 (+/-4.4) days (p = 0.001). Total hospitalization costs were much higher in this group compared with Groups A and B (p = 0.01). Mortality rate was 9.5% in Group D, while no deaths occurred in the other groups (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Antimicrobial prophylaxis policy is an important issue, targeting lower morbidity or avoidable costs.

Aged↗