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Biomedical subjects

J Schenk

Publications and source records attributed to J Schenk.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Investigations on common bile duct stones.

Common bile duct stones from 59 consecutive patients who underwent cholecystectomy more than 1 year before radiological detection of choledocholithiasis (group I) and from 31 consecutive patients with choledocholithiasis and gallbladder in situ (group II) were subjected to chemical analysis and compared with the composition of gallbladder stones from the same population (two consecutive biopsy and autopsy series, n = 343). In contrast to cholecystolithiasis, inorganic calcium salts were infrequent in choledocholithiasis while calcium bilirubinate and fatty acid calcium salts played an important role in the composition of common bile duct stones. This is of particular importance in terms of litholysis. With respect to stone pathogenesis, clinical and radiological data were analyzed, as was hepatic bile lipid composition. There was no significant difference in the lithogenic index (percent cholesterol saturation) in cholecystectomized and in non-cholecystectomized patients with choledocholithiasis. The most important cause of stone recurrence in the common duct after surgery was incrustation of unabsorbed suture material, which was the case in 30.5% of group-I patients.

Calcium↗
PubMed1981

[Screening of exocrine pancreatic function (author's transl)].

The validity of oral pancreatic function tests (fluoresceine dilaurate-[FDL-], N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-para-amino-benzoic-acid-[PABA-]test) was assessed intra-individually in 67 patients in comparison with the secretin-pancreozymin test corrected for volume loss. Faecal chymotrypsin (CH-F) estimation was included in the comparison. According to the result of the secretin-pancreozymin test, patients were divided into those with normal pancreatic function (n = 28), those with borderline restricted function (n = 18), and those with manifest exocrine insufficiency (n = 21). Results show that in borderline decreased pancreatic function the diagnostic value of all screening tests is limited. The sensitivity (true pathological results) was 38% in the FDL-test, 40% in the PABA-test, and 31% in CH-F. In manifest exocrine pancreatic insufficiency FDL- and PABA-test as well as CH-F showed similar sensitivity of 67, 63, and 62%, respectively. Results show that oral pancreatic function tests, particularly the simple FDL-test, represent a diagnostic alternative to the relatively complicated CH-F assessment. However, none of the tests are able to replace the secretin-pancreozymin test as the most valid diagnostic investigation.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1981

Biological and biochemical analysis of endoscopically aspirated bile.

Selective cannulation and aspiration of bile prior to ERCP may be helpful in bacterial contamination (suppurative cholangitis), in patients with choledocholithiasis, to determine lithogenicity of bile, and in studies where antibiotic concentration of different substances are analyzed in correlation to hepato-biliary diseases. Results of appropriate examinations are presented.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1980

[Drug consumption of armed forces recruits (author's transl)].

Requestioning of armed forces recruits showed partial increase of their drug consumption while in the army. The consumption of alcoholic beverages as well as cannabis increased, the level of cigaret smoking remained constant. To some extent, the recruits evaluate these changes incorrectly, since they do not always coincide with their intentions with regard to consumption. Alcohol consumption correlates with the situation as experienced by the troops. The Bundeswehr can be held only partially responsible for the heavy drinking since the recruits enter the army already having distinct drinking habits.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Irrigation treatment of concrements in the common bile duct with octanoate (Capmul 8210) (author's transl)].

An irrigation treatment using the octanoate mixture Capmul 8210 of a maximum duration of 10 days was performed in 11 patients with concrements in the common bile duct using either a T-drain (n = 6) or a permanent naso-biliary tube (n = 5). In 6 out of the 11 cases total or partial dissolution led to voiding of concrements without further operative or invasive procedures. The treatment was tolerated in all but two cases. There was no evidence of systemic toxic side effects. Local inflammatory mucous membrane damage due to the instillation was observed in two cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of choledocholithiasis using the transpapillary perfusion technique.

In 5 patients with common bile duct stones a dissolution therapy with the octanoate mixture Capmul 8210 was performed using the transpapillary perfusion technique. In 3 out of the 5 cases a passage of the stones without further endoscopic operative procedures could be achieved. Complaints were endurable except in one case. Further studies to dissolve common bile duct stones with a modified Capmul solution via a transpapillary tube seem justified.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The role of lipophilicity in the extrahepatic disposition of aminostilbene derivatives following administration to rat.

1. Carcinogenic trans-4-dimethylaminostilbene and its unbound metabolites in rat tissues are highly lipophilic with partition coefficients of 10 000 to 80 000. The values for bibenzyl derivatives are somewhat lower. 2. Sulphates and glucuronic acid conjugates are present in liver, kidney, blood and bile, but not to any extent in other extrahepatic tissues. 3. The patterns of unbound metabolites in lung, spleen, adrenals, brain and fat after oral administration of 3H-labelled trans-4-dimethylaminostilbene, cis-4-dimethylaminostilbene and 4-dimethylaminobibenzyl have been determined. The concn. of tissue metabolites do not parallel plasma concn. of metabolites and do not correlate with lipophilicity. 4. Binding of trans-4-aminostilbene metabolites to tissue proteins is 3--5 times greater than that of cis-4-aminostilbene metabolites and more than 10 times higher than that of aminobibenzyl metabolites. In Zymbal gland, the target tissue for trans-4-dimethylaminostilbene carcinogenicity, the tissue concn. of reactive metabolites is insufficiently high to account for the specific effect. 5. The analysis of fat tissue provided circumstantial evidence that reactive metabolites bind covalently to fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Controlled trial of carbenoxolone sodium vs. cimetidine in duodenal ulcer.

The healing-rate of duodenal ulcer after short-term treatment with carbenoxolone was not significantly different from that after treatment with cimetidine. There seems to be no evidence of a significant difference in the tendency of duodenal ulceration to relapse following successful short-term therapy with either treatment. In the case of cimetidine treatment the rate of 58% relapse within 12 months after withdrawal of the drug corresponds well to the data of other authors (3, 19) and does not exceed the relapse rate during placebo medication. The post-treatment relapse study was markedly hampered by a low compliance of patients to cooperate in the long-term follow-up. The drop-out rate was greater in patients previously treated with carbenoxolone than in those of the cimetidine group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Studies on tissue compatibility of d-limonene as a dissolving agent of cholesterol gallstones (author's transl)].

A 97% d-limonene preparation was injected as a bolus into the biliary tract of cats. Depending on volume, contact time, and flow direction of the solution, acute or chronic inflammatory damages for varions degrees were found in the hepatobiliary tissues of all animals treated with the d-limonene solution. These observed histopathological changes due to contact with the terpene compound, restrict the value of the d-limonene preparation as described by Igimi et al. for dissolving cholesterol gallstones retained in the human common bile duct.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Endoscopic papillotomy (author's transl)].

Endoscopic papillotomy is a method of incising the papillary spincters without opening the abdominal wall or the duodenum. It is successful in over 95% of cases. In over 80% of cases passage of choledochus concrement occurs, about half of these stones being excreted spontaneously and the rest having to be extracted actively with a small Domia basket. For large concrements which cannot be removed endoscopically even after wide papillotomy incision, there is the electrohydraulic lithotrite which crushes them so that they can be passed spontaneously or be actively extracted. Dissolution by a substance instilled through a catheter passed through the papilla into the common bile duct is still in the experimental stage. Altogether for this reason endoscopic papillotomy and removal of stones is an advance for the patient at risk, as it involves a lower lethality than the corresponding surgical method.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1979

[Hyperbilirubinemias; diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].

In the newborn functional disturbances of bilirubin metabolism may be threatening for the life of affected infants. Apart from states with massive overproduction of bilirubin caused by hemolytic crisis functional hyperbilirubinemias in adults represent preponderant hereditary disorders (Gilbert's syndrome, Dubin-Johnson-syndrome, Rotor-syndrome), full compatible with normal life span. Affected subjects are considered as normal persons and should be advised to live a normal life, avoiding however all well-known exogenous factors which may exacerbate the disease. The important clinical and characteristic diagnostic criteria of the mentioned disorders of bilirubin matabolism as well as the possibilities of their symptomatic therapy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The hepatic porphyrias].

Among the different types of hepatic porphyrias, acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) and the group of chronic hepatic porphyrias (CHP) are most frequently seen in Europe. Both diseases are supposed to be inherited, but clinical manifestation mostly occurs following endogenous and especially exogenous stimulation. While recurrent attacks of abdominal and neuropsychiatric symptoms in AIP are frequently precipitated by therapeutic doses of commonly used drugs, the gradual development of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) from a clinically non-apparent type of CHP seems to be most commonly due to excessive and prolonged intake of alcohol. The characteristic and with regard to the laboratory findings important pathobiochemical features, the clinical symptoms, and the present therapeutic concepts of both disorders of hepatic porphyrin metabolism are discussed. The prognosis of hepatic porphyrias will be determined above all by early diagnosis of the metabolic disorder as well as by a profound medical information of the patient to avoid strictly all well-known exogenous factors which may initiate or exacerbate the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Bacteriological efficiency of a standardized cleansing and disinfection technique for duodenoscopes.

Adequate cleansing and disinfection of the endoscopes is desirable to prevent bacteriaemia and septicemia following gastrointestinal endoscopy, especially endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and duodenoscopic sphincterotomy. A practical method, proved in our department over a period of 12 months, is described. As the result of this standardized cleansing and disinfection technique using the aldehyde derivative Gigasept (succine dialdehyde and 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran) in a 10% concentration as chemical disinfectant, sterile cultures from the biopsy channel were obtained in 75% of tested instruments. The remaining fiberscopes exhibited only a few bacteria left, resulting in a sufficient success of disinfection according to hygienic standards.

Aldehydes↗