We have evaluated 3 molecularly defined polypeptides encoded by encloned Plasmodium falciparum genes for their ability to serve as antigens for detecting antimalaria antibodies. The recombinant proteins correspond to (i) a conserved part of 190-200 kDa schizont merozoite surface component, (ii) the carboxy terminal part of the P. falciparum aldolase, and (iii) the 5.1 antigen. Antibodies were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in a high percentage of sera from individuals from a malaria endemic area in The Gambia (up to 99% for some adult groups). These results were further improved, especially for detection of antimalaria antibodies in children, when a pool of all 3 polypeptides (ELISA MIXT) was used as antigen. This ELISA MIXT improves presently available assays for the detection of antimalaria antibodies directed against asexual blood stages in respect of standardization, sensitivity and specificity.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Major surface antigen gene of a human malaria parasite cloned and expressed in bacteria.

The late blood stages of the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, carry a major surface antigen, p190, of molecular weight (Mr) 190,000. This antigenically variable protein is actively processed, first as the parasite matures and again when it is released into the blood stream and invades a new erythrocyte to initiate a cycle of growth. It elicits a strong immune response in man; all tested adult sera from endemic areas have antibodies against this protein. Our evidence indicates that purified p190 can alter the course of parasitaemia in monkeys with falciparum malaria. We have also succeeded in cloning part of the gene for p190 and expressing it in Escherichia coli. To this end we have developed a new technique, antibody select, which greatly simplifies final identification of expressing clones.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A behaviour management and life stress course for a group of mothers incorporating training for health visitors.

Six mothers of preschool children presenting behaviour problems attended a 10-week course on behaviour management and life stress run jointly by a clinical psychologist and a family health visitor. Results indicated benefits to the family in terms of changes in childrens behaviour, the development of friendship networks, and increased knowledge of and willingness to apply behavioural principles to current and potential child management problems. Treatment in groups required fewer professional hours per family than an equivalent individual service and served a training function for the family health visitor.

Behavior Therapy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Continence. An end to bedwetting.

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Child↗