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Biomedical subjects

J Sauer

Publications and source records attributed to J Sauer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Amblyomma americanum: characterization of salivary prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha by RP-HPLC/bioassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Secretagogue-induced saliva of the tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.) was fractionated by reversed-phase-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and bioassayed in smooth muscle preparations. Material with retention times of authentic prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) were found to cause contraction of preparations of rat colon and rat stomach strips. Gas chromatography-mass spectra of selected ions of both HPLC-purified fractions confirmed the existence of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha. Bioassay of individual samples obtained from ticks stimulated to salivate with pilocarpine, dopamine + theophiline, or dopamine + theophiline + GABA indicated that all these secretagogues induced similar amounts of prostaglandin secretion, averaging 469 ng PGE2/ml. These pharmacological doses of prostaglandin are hypothesized to assist in tick feeding by inducing vasodilation and/or other pharmacological events in their hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Volunteerism by students at risk.

This program has made it possible for students to experience some important firsts: the first report card they are proud to share, the first award they receive at an honors assembly. Students have gained a new awareness of the elderly: "I never used to look up to them," one student said. "Now I really understand that they are history. I will have more respect for the elderly, because I will want respect when I am older."

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Electronic data processing data bank for vascular surgery as a multiple site system with network connection].

A clinical database, using FileMaker Pro and a network of APPLE Macintosh computers, were created for a vascular surgical unit. The databank presented here is based on proven, routine working procedures of the department. An easily learnable entry facility with hands-on, screen-oriented users' guide and help data file provide easy operability and highly efficient databank capability, along with great flexibility. This criterial and user-friendly features make staff acceptance and compliance readily achievable, thus assuring comprehensive data entry.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1990

Determinants of depression in recent onset pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

Thirteen children with new-onset inflammatory bowel disease were given a Kiddie-SADS-E interview. Three were depressed at diagnosis. Six mothers had a history of depression based on Adult-SADS-L interviews. The depressed children were less severely ill than the nondepressed children and had not required steroids. However, the depressed children had significantly more life events and their families showed more evidence of conflict than did the nondepressed children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in childhood inflammatory bowel disease and cystic fibrosis.

The Leyton Obsessional Inventory-Child Version was administered to 33 children with Crohn's disease, 11 with ulcerative colitis, and 46 with cystic fibrosis. Subjects with ulcerative colitis scored significantly higher on total number of obsessional symptoms and degree of resistance to symptoms than subjects with Crohn's disease. Scores of subjects with cystic fibrosis were intermediate between those of the ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease groups. However, neither the ulcerative colitis group nor the Crohn's disease group differed significantly from the cystic fibrosis group that were statistically significant. Duration of illness was negatively correlated with symptoms in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The results suggest that obsessive-compulsive symptoms are not specific to Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis and that obsessive-compulsive symptoms in pediatric chronic illness may be secondary to the demands of the illness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Depression and anxiety in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease and cystic fibrosis.

The lifetime and current prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders was determined in 41 children with Crohn's disease, 12 children with ulcerative colitis, and 52 children with cystic fibrosis, using the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia interview. The lifetime prevalence of depression was 29% in Crohn's disease, 21% in ulcerative colitis, and 11.5% in cystic fibrosis. The difference in the prevalence of depression between Crohn's disease and cystic fibrosis was significant (p less than 0.05). The lifetime and current prevalence of dysthymia was significantly greater in ulcerative colitis than Crohn's disease (p less than 0.01) or cystic fibrosis (p less than 0.01). The lifetime prevalence of atypical depression was significantly greater in Crohn's disease than cystic fibrosis (22% versus 5.8%, p less than 0.05) and was also greater in ulcerative colitis than cystic fibrosis (21% versus 5.8%, p = 0.1). There was no difference between the groups in the current prevalence of major depression or atypical depression, or in the lifetime or current prevalence of anxiety disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Contrast medium concentration for intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography of vessels in the extremities].

The influence of iodine concentrations and different volumes of a conventional ionic contrast media and a contrast media with low osmolarity on the quality of the results of intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography of the lower extremities in patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (n = 52) are reported. According to our results, intra-arterial injections of a conventional ionic contrast medium diluted with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, resulting in an iodine concentration of 190 mg/ml injectable solution, reveals the best results when injected in an amount of 6 ml per injection. The use of low-osmolarity contrast-medium showed no advantages, the quality of the resulting pictures was inferior to that revealed with the ionic compound. Probably this is because the iodine concentration in the diluted low-osmolarity compound was less.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of a pause on action potentials of the working ventricular myocardium of human embryos.

The effect of a period of rest (Tp) lasting from 5 to 120 s on the action potentials (AP) of the ventricular myocardium of 9- to 11-week human embryos was studied. The result was shortening of the AP proportional to the duration of the pause and it was accompanied by a shift of the AP plateau phase to more negative membrane voltages. Shortening of the AP during the pause was more pronounced in solutions with a half extracellular calcium concentration. Recovery from the effect of the pause took place significantly more slowly in solutions with the lower extracellular calcium concentration than in the presence of a normal concentration.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1985

[Digital subtraction angiography in the diagnosis of kidney carcinomas].

We report on the results of a comparison of intravenous and intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (iv and ia-DSA) with conventional angiography in patients with known renal masses. Whereas more than 80% of the tumours were diagnosed via IV-DSA, none of the benign renal cysts were identified. The overall detection rate, therefore, is 65% in all patients (n = 21) of the study group. The value of ia-DSA as a time sparing procedure, saving film-cost and contrastmedia, is discussed. The diagnostic accuracy of selective renal angiograms in digital and conventional technique yields equal results in our comparative study.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of acetylcholine and adrenaline on ventricular action potentials of the human embryonic myocardium.

Using the glass microelectrode technique we measured the effect of adrenaline (ADR, 10(-5) mol . l-1) and acetylcholine (ACh, 10(-5) mol . l-1) on action potentials (AP) of the ventricular myocardium of 8- to 11-week-old human embryos. ACh prolonged the AP (by 20%), without affecting voltage of the plateau phase. ADR markedly elevated the plateau phase (by 8 mV) and prolonged the AP (by up to 40% of the initial duration). The ACh effect attained the maximum in 5-7 min and was frequency dependent. The ADR effect reached the maximum in 1-2 min. Neither ACh nor ADR affected the resting membrane potential value. The effect of ACh was blocked by atropine (10(-6) mol . l-1), showing that it is mediated by way of M-receptors. Propranolol (6.10(-6) mol . l-1) only partly blocked the effects of ADR. The results show that the human ventricular myocardium is already sensitive to the action of ACh and ADR before autonomic innervation of the heart develops.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

Basic electrophysiological parameters and frequency sensitivity of the ventricular myocardium of human embryos.

The basic electrophysiological manifestations of the ventricular myocardium of twelve 7- to 12-week human embryos were measured with a glass electrode and a programmed stimulation technique. The resting membrane potential value was 79.37 +/- 0.34 mV and the overshoot 32.7 +/- 0.57 mV; the action potential (AP) duration at 1 Hz stimulation frequency was 120.0 +/- 5.7 ms at AP plateau phase levels and 258 +/- 17 ms at the level corresponding to 95% repolarization. The duration of the AP was a function of the stimulation frequency. i.e. it altered in correlation to the stimulation programme fully developed frequency sensitivity). In stimulation with different frequencies the duration of the steady state AP was in an inverse relation to the stimulation frequency, the maximum changes being found in the terminal repolarization zone. An interpolated extrasystole mainly affected the duration of the plateau phase.

Action Potentials↗