Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to J Satoh.

194 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Brain shrinkage and subdural effusion associated with ACTH administration.

Sequential computed tomographic (CT) studies of 11 patients (aged five months to seven years) with intractable epilepsy treated with synthetic ACTH-Z showed brain shrinkage in all cases. Brain shrinkage started to appear on daily ACTH injections for seven days, reached the maximum within four weeks of administration (14 injections every day and then 7 injections every other day), and almost returned to the original status in seven out of nine cases which were followed up for one to three months after the therapy. The subjects aged less than two years showed more remarkable brain shrinkage than did those aged more than five years. Furthermore, two other cases were complicated by subdural effusion after ACTH therapy. It is the authors' assumption that both of these phenomena are caused by the high concentration of corticosteroid through a change of the water and electrolyte contents in the brain.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1981

A simple plaque assay method for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity using Cunningham's chamber.

An improved and simpler plaque assay method for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity using Cunningham's chamber has been developed. Effector lymphocytes, target sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and anti-SRBC serum were incorporated together into a Cunningham's chamber and, immediately after making monolayers, incubated at 37 degrees C for 20 h. A hemolytic plaque of SRBC was formed around a lymphocyte in the presence of anti-SRBC serum, which was inhibited specifically by addition of aggregated IgG or Fc-fragment of human IgG in the culture. A hemolytic plaque formed around a monocyte-like cell was clearly differentiated from those around a lymphocyte (K-cell). The percentage of plaques in the purified lymphocytes from healthy individuals correlated significantly with ADCC activity measured by 51Cr-release. The method is a significant improvement on the earlier plaque assay methods with regard to: (1) making the monolayer, (2) observation and counting of plaques, and (3) shortening the time required for assay. Thus, the method should be valuable for clinical studies of cytotoxic activity in ADCC systems in healthy and diseased persons.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Suppression of in vitro growth of virulent and avirulent herpes simplex viruses by cell-mediated immune mechanisms, antibody, and interferon.

A rounding cell-forming--GC strain, which is a variant of a syncytial giant cell-forming herpes simplex virus (+GC Miyama strain), was highly attenuated for Swiss, BALB/c nu/nu, and nu/+ mice, whereas +GC was highly virulent to all the mice tested. +GC and -GC were antigenically indistinguishable from each other by cross-neutralization and cross-immunization. Immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide converted the nonlethal -GC infection of mice into a fatal infection. -GC replication in tissue culture was more effectively suppressed by spleen cells immunized with either +GC or -GC than was the +GC replication. -GC replication was also inhibited more effectively by antibody or the antibody-dependent cell-mediated system than was the +GC replication. -GC is highly sensitive to mouse interferon, but +GC was relatively resistant. These findings indicate that attenuation of this avirulent -GC strain may be due to a high susceptibility of its replication to humoral and cell-mediated defense factors. The probable roles of each defense factor in recovery from the infection with virulent and attenuated herpes simplex virus are also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Spontaneous cerebral ventriculostium (author's transl)].

Two cases of spontaneous cerebral ventriculostium are presented. The first case is that of a 3 year-old girl with a thumb-sized soft scalp tumor of the occipital region (dural hypertrophy) and hydroencephalodysplasia (Picaza). PVG revealed noncommunicating hydrocephalus with asymmetrical deformity of the lateral ventricle and agenesis of corpus callosum (Fig. 1). Ventriculoatrial shunt was performed. Three years passed under the useful life when she readmitted to our clinic complaining headache, nausea and vomiting. On the first hospital day she fell into respiratory arrest accompanied with coma after the tonic convulsion, and eventually, she died on the fourth hospital day. Postmortem examination revealed spontaneous cerebral ventriculostium which communicated with the posteromedial trigone of the left lateral ventricle (Fig. 3). Combined other malformations such as dysgenesis of the corpus callosum and only one anterior cerebral artery, etc. were found. The second case is that of a young adult, a 22 year-old male with rapidly progressing intracranial hypertension. PVG revealed marked dilatation of the lateral and the third ventricle, non-filling of the aqueduct and spontaneous cerebral ventriculostium which communicated with the posterior part of the third ventricle (Fig. 4). And insidiously he fell into akinetic mutism. After suboccipital exploratory craniotomy and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt akinetic mutism improved gradually, and he was discharged on foot after 7 months. PEG performed on June 8, 1973, showed no evidence of aqueduct obstruction and injected air passed from the fourth ventricle to the third one smoothly. He lives on now under a useful condition. These 2 cases are the first report on literatures in Japan, but presumably there must be many other cases. Since W. H. Sweet reported his own two cases of spontaneous cerebral ventriculostium on 1940, more than thirty cases have been published on literatures. However, there are found various expressions to describe the same condition (Table 1). We would like to propose that the most suitable expression is "ventriculostium" not only in deference to the originality of W. H. Sweet but also not to confuse this pathogenetic state with other similar conditions. The author's next interest is the chronological fact that from W. H. Sweet (1940) to A. Torkildsen (1948), all but one ostiums reported situated at the posteromedial trigone of the lateral ventricle, whereas after A. Torkildsen, they were found at the posterior part of the third ventricle in many cases. The reason is unknown. It would appear that three main conditions are necessary for the development of ventricluostium just beneath the tentorium. The first, there must be increased pressure within the lateral or the third ventricle. The second essential feature is the lack of any large space occupying lesion in the the infratentorial space. The third, there must be wider space between the tentorial incisura and the brain stem.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microsatellite instability in gonadal tumors of XY pure gonadal dysgenesis patients.

To investigate genetic alternation accompanied by malignant transformation in gonadal tumors of XY pure gonadal dysgenesis patients, we investigated microsatellite instability in the hMSH1, hMSH2, TP53, and DCC loci, and ras mutations in two patients. The gonadal tumors from the patients were combined gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma. Microsatellite instability and/or loss of heterozygotes (LOH) at hMSH1, hMSH2, and TP53 were detected in the dysgerminoma lesions of the both patients, but were not observed in any normal tissues. In the analyses of the H-, K-, or N-ras genes, where specific mutations have been frequently reported, no mutations were observed in the tumors. It is suggested therefore that microsatellite instability plays an important role in malignant transformation of gonadal tumors in patients with XY pure gonadal dysgenesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Middle ear imaging using virtual endoscopy and its application in patients with ossicular chain anomaly.

Virtual endoscopy (VE) is a recently developed technique to provide a realistic surface rendering of various organs, which can be applied to the use of three-dimensional (3D) studies of several lesions. However, its advantages in otological disease have not been well investigated. In this study, we evaluated the application of VE in patients with ossicular chain anomalies. Virtual middle ear endoscopy was a time-saving method, however, we needed the appropriate technical procedures of algorithm and reconstruction spacing to generate accurate 3D images of ossicles. We obtained virtual surgical views of middle ear structures and related anomalies, and confirmed by intraoperative findings that these images were mostly compatible with the actual lesions of ossicles. VE allowed an identification of the anatomy of the ossicles and adjacent structures simultaneously. The elements of the stapedial crura were clearly visualized with VE images in 93.3% of normal ears. Pathological ossicular chain findings such as malleus or incus fixation, dislocation and disruption, except footplate fixation were investigated successfully. One possible procedure, using alterable CT value in the obtained VE images on the monitor, is proposed for further detection of fine lesions of the ossicles. These observations suggest that virtual middle ear simulations accurately represent major intraoperative findings. This technique may have an important role in preoperative planning, surgical training, and/or postoperative evaluation in otology.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neuropathological background of oculomotor disturbances in olivopontocerebellar atrophy with special reference to slow saccade.

Neuropathological findings responsible for abnormal eye movements in olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) are reported. The material consists of eight sporadic cases and two hereditary cases. The sporadic cases showed impaired smooth pursuit without exception. The hereditary cases showed slow saccade (slow eye movement). Two important neuropathological findings are noted: The first is a systemic degeneration of cerebellifugal oculomotor control (cerebello-fastigio-vestibulo-MLF (medial longitudinal fasiculus) and perihypoglossal nuclei) in both types. Furthermore, neuronal loss of the oculomotor nuclei (oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nuclei) was found only in the hereditary cases. The second is that the hereditary type had a combined degeneration of the zona reticulata of the substantia nigra, the superior colliculus and the pontomedullary reticular formation. A review of the literature showed that all the cases of spino-cerebellar degeneration with slow saccade were hereditary OPCA, and that almost all cases had primary nigral degeneration. The neuropathological background of the oculomotor disturbances in OPCA is discussed.

Aged↗