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Biomedical subjects

J Salvador

Publications and source records attributed to J Salvador.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Chemotherapy-induced growth hormone deficiency in children with cancer.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy (CT) may produce growth impairment, however, the pathogenesis is still unclear. METHODS: A series of 25 patients mean age 13.3 years (6.3-19.8), previously treated for malignant solid tumours with only CT and surgery were studied. Growth hormone (GH) reserve was assessed by two different provocative stimuli (Clonidine and L-Dopa). Mean time between completion of treatment and GH evaluation was 18.5 months (2-74 months). At that time, all patients were in complete remission. RESULTS: GH deficiency (GHD), defined by an impaired GH response to both provocative tests was observed in 11 out of 25 patients (44%). At diagnosis, mean standing height was +0.23 +/- 1.42 SDS in the GHD group (GHD-g) and +0.18 +/- 1.23 SDS in the non-GHD group (n-GHD-g). At the end of therapy, the mean standing height in the GHD-g was -0.31 +/- 1.22 SDS and -0.17 +/- 1.41 in the n-GHD-g, differing from the former group (P = 0.05). For a mean follow-up of 30 months from the end of treatment, the mean standing height was -0.48 +/- 1.23 SDS in the GHD-g and -0.24 +/- 1.51 SDS for the n-GHD-g (P = 0.03). Growth rate at the end of treatment was +0.13 +/- 1.54 in the GHD-g and +0.21 +/- 1.75 in the n-GHD-g. For a mean follow-up of 30 months from the end of treatment, the growth rate was different between GHD-g and n-GHD-g (-0.31 +/- 2.72 vs. -0.21 +/- 1.93, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: 1) Growth impairment in children treated because of malignant diseases has a multifactorial etiology, but CT-induced GH deficiency is one potential adverse factor. 2) An endocrine follow-up should be introduced in order to detect and treat hormonal deficiencies as early as possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Intraprostatic prostheses].

Intraprostatic stents appeared as an alternative to surgery in high surgical risk obstructed patients. A critical review of the different types of endoprostatic prostheses is made. Finally we tried to establish the true cost/effectiveness ratio in our country, comparing the temporary prostheses with the indwelling catheter and the permanent prostheses with prostatic surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Prostatic abscess: diagnosis and treatment.

We present a series of 25 men with prostatic abscesses studied during an 11-year interval in whom prostatic fluctuation upon digital rectal examination was the most characteristic sign. Transrectal ultrasound was the most reliable method for diagnosis and transurethral drainage under antibiotic coverage was the ideal treatment for this disease.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Electrohydraulic and ultrasonic lithotripsy in 100 consecutive cases of primary ureteral stones.

We have performed, between May 1985 and December 1988, in situ lithotripsy in 100 consecutive cases of primary ureteral stones, using electrohydraulic lithotripsy in 33 patients and ultrasonic lithotripsy in the remaining 67. After using similar instruments and surgical techniques in both groups, we have comparatively evaluated the complications encountered and the results obtained. With the electrohydraulic lithotripsy we have obtained a complication rate of 42% (operative and postoperative) and favorable results in 72.7% of the patients; using ultrasonic lithotripsy, the complication rate was 10.4%, and favorable results were obtained in 92.5%. We conclude that, at least in our experience, ultrasonic lithotripsy is less invasive and more successful than electrohydraulic lithotripsy in the treatment of primary stone disease.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1991

Histological evaluation of superficial bladder tumors treated by Nd-YAG laser and transurethral resection.

Based on 3 study groups we have tried to analyze some concepts concerning the treatment of superficial bladder tumors by the Nd-YAG laser. In the first group of 34 superficial bladder tumors, we evaluated the accuracy of cold-cup biopsy in staging the tumor before treatment with the laser (100% for grade and 90% for stage). The possibility of identifying the tumoral grade in the lasered mass is 73%. In the second group of 53 random superficial bladder tumors we compared the effects of laser and transurethral resection (TUR) with regard to recurrence and progression after a 3-year follow-up: no significant differences are found between the treatments. In the third group the histologic changes in the bladder wall after treatment with the laser or TUR were evaluated by cold-cup biopsy (31 lasered cases and 24 resected cases) and by resector loop biopsy (11 lasered cases and 11 resected cases) between 12 and 24 months after treatment, without significant differences in terms of fibrosis.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1991

[CT in radiation enteritis].

The computed tomography findings of 18 patients who had received radiation therapy for pelvic malignancies were reviewed retrospectively. They include bowel wall thickening, mainly in central areas and in contact with anterior abdominal wall, mesenteric thickening, without masses and rectal and presacral space involvement. The differential diagnosis of these findings is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Trisomy 7 may be a primary change in noninvasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

We describe two cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder associated with trisomy 7. In one of them, trisomy 7 was the only chromosome abnormality observed. In the second case, trisomy 7 was found in 25 (80.6%) of the metaphases; in two of them this was the only anomaly, while in three metaphases trisomy 8 was also present, and in other two trisomy 10 was also observed. Our results suggest that trisomy 7 could be a primary change in TCC, and a review of the literature indicates that when it is present as the sole karyotypic abnormality is may be associated with a non-invasive behavior of the tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Clinical/epidemiological analysis of malformations.

To investigate the heterogeneity of congenital malformations, we analyzed the distribution of 14 selected anomalies among 11,421 children with isolated defects and with different patterns of multiple congenital anomalies (MCA). Our study showed a marked variability in the distribution of each of these malformations. For example, although anophthalmia/microphthalmia, cleft palate, and limb deficiency were observed in all etiological categories of syndromes, no case with anencephaly was identified among the 1,244 children with different syndromes. Diaphragmatic hernia, esophageal atresia +/- tracheoesophageal fistula, and gastroschisis were not found in any monogenic syndrome in this sample. These observations may be of help to the clinician in the evaluation of individual children with MCA.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiological aspects of prenatal exposure to high doses of vitamin A in Spain.

Reports of the human teratogenicity of retinoids have raised concern about the potential human teratogenicity of high doses of vitamin A. Nevertheless, there are few human case reports of excess intake of vitamin A during pregnancy and defective outcomes. No epidemiological studies have been carried out on this subject. Here we present the results of an epidemiological study of prenatal exposure to high doses of vitamin A in Spain, using data from the Spanish hospital-based, case-control registry. Although it is difficult to reach conclusions with such a very low exposure level (1.3 per 1,000 livebirths), our results suggest that a teratogenic effect might exist for exposures to high doses of vitamin A (OR = 0.5, p = 0.15 for less than 40,000 IU and OR = 2.7, p = 0.06 for 40,000 IU or more). As we might expect, this effect also seems to be related to the organogenetic status (OR = 5.4, p = 0.1 for 1st-2nd month, OR = 1.8, p = 0.4 for 3rd onwards) at the time of exposure.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1990

Neodymium:YAG laser treatment of bladder hemangiomas.

We present 3 cases of bladder hemangiomas, one single and two multiple, with a long-term history of recurrent hematuria, treated with endoscopic neodymium:YAG (yttrium, aluminum, garnet) laser photocoagulation, and obtaining good results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic urethrotomy versus urethrotomy plus Nd-YAG laser in the treatment of urethral stricture.

Between February 1987 and May 1988, 30 patients who presented with single, iatrogenic, annular strictures of the bulbar urethra were included in this prospective study. They were randomly divided into two groups; group 1: 15 patients who underwent direct-vision endoscopic urethrotomy (cold-knife incision at 12 o'clock) and group 2: 15 patients who underwent internal urethrotomy plus Nd-YAG laser. The results obtained were analyzed and compared at 1 and 2 years by clinical evaluation, uroflowmetry and retrograde-voiding urethrography. Group 1 obtained 80% good results at 1 year, falling to 60% at 2 years follow-up. Group 2 presented good results in 73.3% both at 1 and 2 years of follow-up.

Aged↗