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Biomedical subjects

J Salo

Publications and source records attributed to J Salo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Comparison of endoscopic Nd:YAG laser therapy and oesophageal tube in palliation of oesophagogastric malignancy.

The clinical results of 96 patients with upper gastrointestinal malignancy have been evaluated retrospectively. Sixty-nine patients with a mean age of 72 years (35 men and 34 women) were treated with endoscopic laser therapy, and 27 patients with a mean age of 67 years (16 men and 11 women) with insertion of an oesophageal tube. After laser therapy the bulk of the tumour was reduced in 87%, and in 55% clear signs of relieved dysphagia were seen. The insertion of an oesophageal tube was successful in 89%. In the laser group no fatal complications occurred, and the overall complication risk was 8.7%. The 1-year survival in all laser patients was 12%, and in patients with impassable tumour stenosis the survival was 6%. The mortality related to the insertion of an oesophageal tube was 11%, and complications occurred in 48% of the patients. The 1-year survival of the tube group was nil. It is concluded that endoscopic laser therapy and insertion of oesophageal tube are both effective methods in palliation of oesophagogastric malignancy, but the mortality and risk for complications were markedly lower after laser therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Fibroepithelial polyps of the ureter.

Two cases of ureteric fibroepithelial polyps are presented. Macroscopic haematuria and flank pain were seen as symptoms in both cases. Intravenous urography, retrograde ureteropyelography, computed tomography, and ureterorenoscopy with visual biopsies were used as diagnostic methods. As a result of the preoperative diagnostics, saving surgical procedures (local excision and coagulation of the base of the tumour) were used with good results. The therapy of ureteric tumours should always be founded on the preoperative histological diagnosis and should be conservative transureteric or open surgical.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Extracranial carotid artery aneurysms.

A material of eighteen patients with carotid artery aneurysms is presented. Mean age of the patients was 57.9 +/- 15.1 years. Most of the patients were asymptomatic or had only a pulsating mass on the neck. One patient had stroke and five TIA. Most common etiology was arteriosclerosis. Two patients got contralateral and two ipsilateral hemiparesis, one patient was unconscious immediately after the operation. Shunt was used on four of these patients. Three patients died, two for neurological reasons and one myocardial death. During the follow up time there were no carotid related diseases. Two patients died of cancer and two of heart attacks. Mean follow up time was 78.6 months. Eight patients attended the follow up studies which were performed by duplex scanning or angiography. They were free of neurological symptoms and their carotid arteries were patent.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Intramural ureteric injury due to acute dilatation.

The effect of balloon dilatation of the ureteric orifice and the intramural ureter was evaluated histologically and radiologically in eight piglets. The distal part of the ureter was dilated from its normal calibre of 4F to 12F. Four weeks after the procedure obvious histological signs due to the preceding dilatation were seen in seven of the eight ureters. In simultaneous radiological studies two ureters showed massive and one slight dilatation and two ureters showed vesicoureteral reflux. The results suggest cautious use of dilatation. Small calibre ureterscopes without ureteric dilatation should be preferred.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Morphological and histopathological aspects of aneurysms after patch aortoplasty for coarctation.

Repair of coarctation of the aorta by synthetic patch grafting has been complicated by late aneurysm formation. These aneurysms differ macroscopically from atherosclerotic thoracic aortic dilatations. Specimens for microscopic examination were taken from 14 of 20 patients undergoing aneurysm resection. Histological analysis of the specimens showed medionecrosis in 13 patients of the specimens showed medionecrosis in 13 patients (93%), foreign body reaction in 11 patients (78%), and intimal thickening in 3 patients (21%). The three layers of the aortic wall could be identified in the aneurysms. On the basis of these results, we discuss the etiologic factors and pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the development of these aneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Bacterial findings in middle ear effusion in children.

During 1983-87, tympanostomy tubes were inserted in a total of 4952 ears of 2575 children remitted to the ENT Department of our hospital because of chronic or recurrent otitis media problems. The children were included in a prospective study and referred to one of three groups for comparison of findings. Group 1 included all 6- to 12-month-old infants undergoing primary tube treatment; group 2, all children 1 year or older who had their first ventilation tube(s) inserted in connection with adenoidectomy; and group 3, all children in whom tympanostomy had been performed one or more times previously. Middle ear effusion was aspirated from 2392 ears (48%); 67.6% of all ears were negative for bacteria and 22.1% of the ears with effusion grew pathogenic bacteria. S. pneumoniae was the most frequently cultured pathogen among the 6 to 12 month olds in group 1, but in groups 2 and 3 H. influenzae occurred more frequently than S. pneumoniae. Beta-lactamase-producing strains of pathogenic bacteria were formed in only 4% of all ears with effusion: H. influenzae in 1.2% and B. catarrhalis in 2.8%. Compared with figures from the United states, the frequency of beta-lactamase-producing strains is low in the present series. This is probably explained by differences in antimicrobial treatment practices; in Finland and the Scandinavian countries, penicillin V is the primary drug for acute otitis media. In light of present results, it seems well-suited for treatment of otitis media in young children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Surgical treatment of ventricular septal defect secondary to myocardial infarction.

13 patients were operated on during 1974-88 for ventricular septal defect secondary to myocardial infarction. 7 infarctions were inferior and 6 anterior. At the time of operation 5 patients were in shock. Besides the correction of ventricular septal defect coronary artery by-pass grafting was performed in 6 patients and left ventricular aneurysmectomy in 3 patients. The operative mortality was 31%. The cause of death was low output syndrome in 3 cases and a new rupture through the left ventricular free wall in one case. Postoperative shunting was detected in 5 patients. During an average follow-up time of 6.3 years (range 0.5-15 years) 3 patients died from a new myocardial infarction. The mean performance levels of the patients still living was NYHA II. Prompt diagnosis of a ventricular septal defect due to myocardial infarction and its immediate surgical treatment is recommended. The results are poor in the presence of primary shock and for inferior infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

One-stage vascular surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm infected by salmonella.

A case is presented of abdominal aortic aneurysm infected with salmonella enteritidis, maintaining septicaemia. Immediate surgery became necessary because of imminent rupture of the aneurysm. The infected thrombus within the aneurysmal sac was debrided, with irrigation of antibiotic solution, and in situ aorto-iliac reconstruction was carried out. A prolonged course of ciprofloxacine and a short course of vancomycin were administered. Recovery was uneventful. The infection parameters are normal 6 months postoperatively and CT-scan shows no signs of periprosthetic infection. The relevant literature concerning the surgical procedures for mycotic aneurysms is reviewed.

Aneurysm, Infected↗
PubMed1989

Primary cardiac tumours--operative treatment of 20 patients.

This report describes a series of 20 patients operated on for a primary cardiac tumour. The majority of the tumours (16) were benign myxomas; 12 of them were located in the left atrium, two in the right atrium and two were biatrial. Two lipomas were found; one was epicardial and the other was located in the left atrium. The only intraventricular tumour was a malignant left ventricular myosarcoma. The propensity of intracardiac tumours to embolize was distinctive. Nine of the 16 myxomas presented with peripheral embolization, and in two patients surgery was complicated by fatal perioperative cerebral embolization of myxomatous tissue. Furthermore, in one patient embolization of a left atrial lipoma necessitated amputation of her left arm before cardiac surgery. Late postoperative recurrences were found in two patients with atrial myxomas. In one of them, reoperation showed that the tumour had grown at that site in the interatrial septum where the original pedicle had been excised. One patient developed severe mitral valve regurgitation and underwent replacement with a prosthetic valve at reoperation. Otherwise our late follow-up study showed that the results of surgery were usually excellent even though mild echocardiographic abnormalities were not uncommon. Our experience emphasizes the embolic potential of intracardiac myxomas and suggests, furthermore, that to avoid recurrences excisions with wide margins should be preferred. Echocardiography is an optimal method for the follow-up of these patients.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1989

Primary tumours of the sternum.

In 1966-1986, two men and four women (mean age 47.5 years) underwent surgery for primary sternal tumour. Three of the tumours were benign (two condromata, one osteochondroma) and three were malignant (two chrondrosarcomata, one reticulum cell sarcoma). Inflammatory or degenerative lesions impeded differential diagnosis in three additional cases (without tumour). The tumours were treated with radical resection of the affected part of the sternum, including the relevant attached structures. Marlex-mesh reconstruction of the defect was necessary in four cases. There was no operative mortality. One Marlex graft became infected. At follow-up (average 11.1 years, range 9.0-14.7 years), five patients were alive without recurrence of tumour and the sixth had died of unrelated cause.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Femoral-tibial bypass for limb salvage.

From 1967 to 1982, 305 femoral tibial bypasses were performed. Of these 180 (59%) were performed on limb salvage indication. A reversed autogenous saphenous vein was used in 134 instances, among 46 vein substitutes there were 15 vein allografts, 13 human umbilical cord vein grafts, 12 PTFE grafts and six dacron grafts. Hospital mortality was six patients. An additional 37 patients died during the follow-up period. The patency rates for saphenous vein bypass grafts were 62.5%, 48%, and 25% at one, five, and ten years, respectively, and 33% and 25% at one and five years, respectively, for the vascular substitutes. The mean +/- SD follow-up time was 62.27 +/- 5.7 months. During the early postoperative period 23 legs (12.7%) had to be amputated. During the follow-up period an additional 14 legs (7.8%) were lost giving a limb salvage rate of 79.5%.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Primary tumours of the ribs.

Thirty-four primary rib tumours (24 benign, 10 malignant) were surgically treated in 1966-1985. The mean age was higher and the tumour diameter was greater in the patients with malignant, than in those with benign neoplasm. The benign tumours were excised without operative death. At follow-up after a mean of 12.3 years there was no recurrence of benign growth, but in two cases with initial diagnosis of chondroma a regrowth at the same site proved to be chondrosarcoma. Among the cases of malignant tumour there was one operative death from pulmonary embolism, after radical resection of sarcoma. None of the four patients with chondrosarcoma had recurrence 6-13 years after surgery. There was no long-term survival among the patients with other forms of sarcoma or malignant tumour of the reticuloendothelial system.

Chondroma↗
PubMed1987

Total and near-total gastrectomy for gastric cancer in patients over 70 years of age.

A total or near-total gastrectomy was performed in 52 patients over 70 years of age in our hospital from 1975 through 1982. The hospital mortality rate was 9.6 percent. The operation was palliative in nine patients. In these patients, the operation was performed because of an obstructing cancer. At last follow-up, 11 patients had survived more than 5 years and 6 patients were alive and free of disease more than 3 years after the operation. Total and near-total gastrectomies seem to be justified in elderly patients in good overall physical condition.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Testicular stromal tumor: ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and gel electrophoretic evidence of epithelial differentiation.

A testicular tumor, removed from a 52-year-old man, was composed of uniform spindle cells and abundant interposed collagen, and was histologically diagnosed as a stromal tumor. Electron microscopy revealed cords of cells sometimes surrounded by a basal lamina. Desmosome-like junctions were found between some cells, and immunostaining for desmoplakins was positive. Immunofluorescence studies also showed cytokeratin-positivity in most and vimentin-positivity in some of the tumor cells. The presence of typical simple epithelial cytokeratins of Mr 40000, 45000 and 52000 was revealed by the western blotting method. Cytokeratin positivity in the tumor cells suggests the epithelial nature of this mesenchymal-looking tumor. The tumor might arise from cytokeratin-positive epithelial elements of the testis or its covering mesothelium, but the histogenesis remains unresolved. Our findings suggest that some of the so-called testicular stromal tumors may in fact be of epithelial nature by presenting features typical of epithelial differentiation.

Cell Differentiation↗