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Biomedical subjects

J S Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to J S Thompson.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The spiral oblique retinacular ligament (SORL).

A procedure is described for reconstruction of the oblique retinacular ligament using a small tendon graft in a spiral fashion to act as a dynamic tenodesis to restore distal interphalangeal extension and to restrain proximal interphalangeal hyperextension. The method has been uniformly successful in the treatment of post-traumatic "swan-neck" or "mallet" deformity. Although the concept is simple, the procedure demands thorough understanding of digital anatomy for successful completion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Immunosuppressive activity of isolated rat and human fetoproteins.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was purified from rat hepatoma sera and pooled human cord sera. Both AFP-rich fractions prepared by consecutive ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography and pure rat AFP prepared by liquid phase immunoabsorption lacked in vitro suppressive activity. Human AFP purified by affinity chromatography was suppressive, but so was similarly purified human cord albumin. Alteration of ionic conditions was shown to affect the activity of both human AFP and cord albumin. The primary mixed lymphocyte response, the generation of the secondary response, and the memory cell, per se, were all found to be sensitive to active human AFP under the appropriate culture conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Critical comparison of renal transplant survival between recipients of live related donor and cadaver organs.

Survival statistics of 163 cadaver and 60 live related donor renal transplants from a single center were analyzed. Survival rates at one, two and three years for 38 first cadaver transplants matched for a haplotype and 34 first live related donor haplotype matched kidneys were virtually the same. In addition, nine, four antigen matched cadaver transplants had a comparable survival rate at one, two and three years to the larger group of 25 HL-A identical live related donor kidneys. When poor risk cadaver recipients were excluded from the entire cadaver group, the graft survival rate approached that of the live related group at one year but declined more rapidly at two and three years than did the live related donor group. Thus, cadaver renal transplantation in this series appears to be an alternative to comparably matched live related donor transplants. An increased effort should be made to identify and use brain death cadaver donors for transplantation. As more donors become available and national sharing systems are improved, a strong case can be made to avoid the use of live related donor kidneys, except in instances of a perfect match.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1977

Blue copper proteins: Synthesis, spectra, and structures of CuN(3)(SR) and CuN(3)(SR) active site analogues.

The reaction of Cu(SR) or [Cu(SR)][ClO(4)] derivatives (SR = p-nitrobenzenethiolate or O-ethylcysteinate) with potassium hydrotris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)borate produces redox pairs of the stoichiometry Cu(I)N(3)(SR) and Cu(II)N(3)(SR). These complexes are well-defined synthetic approximations to the proposed N(3)S binding sites of blue (type 1) copper electron transfer proteins. The compounds were investigated by a variety of chemical and spectral (optical, resonance Raman, and electron paramagnetic resonance) techniques; the complex K[Cu(hydrotris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)borate)(p- NO(2)C(6)H(4)S]-2 acetone was also studied by single-crystal x-ray diffraction methods. The spectrochemical characteristics of the Cu(II)N(3)(SR) species are in large part similar to the native system and thus provide some perspective regarding the origin of the unique type 1 spectral parameters and electron transfer properties.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1977

New groups and segregant series among B-cell alloantigens of the Merrit system. A study of leukemia cells, peripheral B cells, and lymphoblastoid cell lines.

On the basis of reactions with a chronic lymphatic leukemia cell panel, evidence for 6 new specificities of the Merrit B-cell alloantigenic system in man is presented, bringing the number of provisionally defined specificities to 19. These can be roughly divided into two segregant series. The system is well represented on both homozygous and heterozygous B-type lymphoblastoid cell lines. In the cell lines some specificities show a suggestive but inexact correlation with HLA-D locus factors. This correlation is represented also on peripheral blood B cells, on the non-T variety of acute lymphatic leukemia cells, and on acute myeloid leukemia cells. Although great similarities exist, each of the cell populations may manifest differences other than or in addition to mere differences in B-cell antigen frequencies.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1977

Conditions affecting the immunosuppressive properties of human alpha-fetoprotein.

The hypothesis that alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is immunosuppressive in vitro was tested with immunoabsorbent purified human cord AFP in human lymphocyte cultures. Albumins were purified identically from cord plasma and pooled adult plasma. No preparations were suppressive in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated cultures. Both AFP and human cord albumin (HCA) produced 50% suppression of allogeneic lymphocyte cultures at 50 to 100 microgram/ml final concentrations, whereas adult and commercial albumins were not suppressive. When AFP was eluted from the immunoabsorbent column in 0.15 M NaCl rather than the conventional 0.5 M NaCl, activity was greatly diminished or lost, but could be restored by dialysis against 0.5 M KCl. Previously, inactive lots of HCA also demonstrated the same phenomenon. It appears, therefore, that the immunosuppressive activity of AFP (and albumin) may depend both on its source and the procedure by which it is isolated. Whether analogous conditions occur in vivo is unknown at this time.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Microgranulocytotoxicity.

The microcytotoxicity assay technique has been extensively refined to permit the use of granulocytes as target cells in an effort to identify neutrophil-specific antigens. Virtually every aspect of the test required revision to obtain clear, reproducible results. The most radical modification was the adoption of double-fluorescent vital staining to detect cytotoxicity. The reactions detected with this new assay did not correlate with defined human histocompatibility systems (e.g., HLA, ABH, NA, NB, NC), nor were the target antigens detected on lymphocytes or platelets. Cytotoxicity was highly specific and was produced by the immunoglobulin fraction of alloantisera only in the presence of complement, thus implicating an antigen-antibody phenomenon rather than variable viability of the ephemeral PMN's in vitro. These specificities may have an impact on some aspects of human transplantation (especially of bone marrow) as well as playing a role in some febrile transfusion reactions. Of perhaps greater import is the suggested role of the antigens in immunoneutropenias and therefore in the response of myelosuppressed patients to adjunctive leukocyte transfusion therapy.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗