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Biomedical subjects

J S Solomkin

Publications and source records attributed to J S Solomkin.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Phagocytosis of Candida albicans by human leukocytes: opsonic requirements.

The kinetics of phagocytosis of Candida albicans by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes was studied. The basis for these studies was a phagocytic assay with use of C. albicans radiolabeled with [3H]adenine. After incubation of leukocytes with C. albicans, extracellular C. albicans was separated from phagocytes by centrifugation through Ficoll-Hypaque suspensions (specific density, 1.175 g/cm3). Recovery of leukocytes by this technique was greater than or equal to 85%. The initial rate of phagocytosis was more rapid than that previously reported for bacteria. Ethylenediaminetetraacetate, vinblastine, ethylmaleimide, NaF, and ice bath temperature completely inhibited phagocytosis. Colchicine had no effect, and NaN3 was partially inhibitory. Pooled sera possessed low titers (greater than or equal to 1:40) of heat-stable opsonins. The opsonic activity of pooled sera was shown to depend primarily upon complement activated through both the alternative and classical pathways. Decomplemented hyperimmune sera were opsonic at high dilutions (greater than or equal to 1:160), and complement amplified the initial rate of ingestion seen with hyperimmune sera.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed1978

Surgical management of Cushing's syndrome.

Twenty-seven operations for Cushing's syndrome were reviewed. Included were five cases of adenoma and 22 of adrenal cortical hyperplasia. Preoperative laboratory data, particularly the metyrapone test, were highly accurate in distinguishing adenoma from hyperplasia. Bilateral flank incisions are preferable to the transabdominal approach, with fewer complications, less postoperative ileus, and shorter hospital stays. The inability to inspect both glands simultaneously is of little consequence because biochemical testing data are sufficiently accurate to obviate the need for gross evaluation. The use of perioperative prophylaxis seems to be of importance for preventing thromboembolism in these hypercoagulable patients. The preoperative use of adrenal cortical blocking agents has not proved to yield significant advantages.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proposed definitions for diagnosis, severity scoring, stratification, and outcome for trials on intraabdominal infection. Joint Working Party of SIS North America and Europe.

Analysis of the experience with scientific studies on patients with secondary intraabdominal infection has revealed that problems of interpretation and comparability between studies exist as they relate to variable diagnostic criteria, unmeasured severity of disease, and unclear outcome measures. A consistent system of definitions has been developed to address these deficiencies. Intraabdominal infection is defined as clinical peritonitis requiring both operative and microbiological confirmation for proof of infection. The APACHE II system is proposed for grading the severity of the infection and for stratification of patient risk of mortality. Mortality and time until death, on one hand, and recovery and time until recovery, on the other, are proposed as the main outcome measures, both being independently and positively defined. It is anticipated that this system of minimum rules will produce studies that can be compared, hence, accelerating knowledge and understanding about intraabdominal infection and its best treatment.

Abscess↗