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Biomedical subjects

J S Mitnick

Publications and source records attributed to J S Mitnick.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Differentiation of radial scar from scirrhous carcinoma of the breast: mammographic-pathologic correlation.

Radial scar, a sclerosing ductal breast lesion characterized by an irregular stellate pattern of epithelial proliferation around a central fibroelastic core, may be confused histologically with scirrhous carcinoma of the breast. Mammographic features used to distinguish these two entities were found unreliable in a retrospective review of 255 consecutive stellate lesions. Of 73 nonpalpable carcinomas, fourteen (19%) had radiographic features of radial scar. Only the presence of microcalcifications in 11 of those patients helped the authors distinguish carcinoma from radial scars. Four of nine biopsy-proved radial scars had a dense central region, simulating the appearance of scirrhous carcinoma. Stellate lesions with radiolucent centers should be considered suggestive of carcinoma, particularly if associated with microcalcifications.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1989

Mammographic detection of carcinoma of the breast in patients with augmentation prostheses.

Evaluation of 85 patients who had augmentation mammaplasty with low-dose mammography detected microcalcifications in two patients. Both patients had biopsies that confirmed a diagnosis of intraductal carcinoma. A third patient with microcalcifications and a positive family history for carcinoma of the breast was found to have sclerosing adenosis. A fibroadenoma was visualized by mammography in a group of ten patients who were referred for the presence of palpable nodules of the breast. The remainder of the nodules were found to be related to the augmentation procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

CT of thrombosed arteriovenous malformations in children.

Thrombosed arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in children are rare lesions that may present with headaches or a seizure disorder. Thirteen patients (4 months to 21 years of age) with this lesion were examined with computed tomography (CT). In 11 patients surgical confirmation was obtained, and the other two patients were examined with follow-up CT scans. Angiography either showed an avascular mass (7/13) or was negative (6/13). CT showed a lobulated lesion (8/13), peripheral location (11/13), and minimal surrounding edema (8/13). All of the lesions were hyperdense prior to the administration of contrast material and all enhanced either slightly or not at all following contrast material administration. It is concluded that these characteristic CT features aid in making the diagnosis of thrombosed AVM. The major differential diagnosis is small intracerebral neoplasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Cystic renal disease in tuberous sclerosis.

The clinical and radiologic findings of tuberous sclerosis in three family members, which manifested as renal insufficiency due to extensive renal cystic disease, are described. The family was thought to have polycystic kidney disease until coexisting tiny angiomyolipomas were found among the cysts (by computed tomography in two patients and at autopsy in one). The radiologic and pathologic factors that establish the diagnosis of renal cystic disease associated with the tuberous sclerosis complex are reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Non-functioning adrenal adenomas discovered incidentally on computed tomography.

Eighteen patients with unilateral non-metastatic, non-functioning adrenal masses were studied with computed tomography (CT). Pathological examination in 6 cases revealed benign adrenal adenoma. The others were followed up with serial CT scans and found to show no change in tumor size over a period of six months to three years. On the basis of these findings, the authors suggest certain criteria of a benign adrenal mass, including (a) diameter less than 5 cm, (b) smooth contour, (c) well-defined margin, and (d) no change in size on follow-up. Serial CT scanning can be used as an alternative to surgery in the management of many of these patients.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

The tethered spinal cord: diagnosis by high-resolution real-time ultrasound.

High-resolution real-time ultrasonography of the lumbosacral spine was performed in 10 control patients and in six patients with suspected spinal dysraphism. The spinal cord was readily visualized in both groups. Lack of ossification of the posterior arch of the spine in normal infants and the presence of a bony defect in patients with spina bifida permit sonographic investigation of the spinal canal and its contents. It is concluded that the diagnosis of spinal cord tethering can be established rapidly by high-resolution real-time ultrasonography, which may be used in screening patients with suspected occult spinal dysraphism.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Two cases of spontaneous ureteral rupture secondary to outlet obstruction.

Two patients with outlet obstruction and spontaneous extravasation of contrast material from their ureters during an intravenous urogram (IVU) are reported. Both cases are unusual in that spontaneous ureteral extravasation is rare and usually occurs with calculus disease. These patients had no evidence of calculi; therefore, the increased intraluminal pressure alone appears to have caused ureteral rupture.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography of ureteral obstruction.

Although hydronephrosis can usually be diagnosed by urography and/or pyelography, the etiology of the obstruction may not be apparent. Computed tomography (CT) is usually helpful in evaluation of these cases. In 36 cases in which CT was performed solely to determine the cause of ureteral obstruction of uncertain etiology, it proved to be of value in 33 instances (91.7%). The disease processes encountered in this series included metastatic carcinoma to the ureter or periureteral tissues(22), lymphoma (one), primary ureteral tumor (two), radiolucent ureteral stone (four), adjacent ileocolitis (two), aortic or iliac artery aneurysm (two), fibrous band(one), urinoma (one), and radiation fibrosis (one). In three cases (8.3%) an etiologic diagnosis could not be made by CT. These patients had radiation therapy to treat malignant disease, and recurrent tumor responsible for ureteral obstruction could not be distinguished from radiation fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Chronic relapsing pancreatitis in childhood.

A case of idiopathic, chronic relapsing pancreatitis arising in childhood is presented and compared with the 12 previously reported cases. This entity is a rare cause of severe, recurrent abdominal pain in childhood. The diagnosis is suggested by elevated serum or urine amylase values or pancreatic calcifications. Ultrasound, computerized tomography, or as in this case, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography can aid in the diagnosis. Surgery yields excellent results.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

CT in B-thalassemia: iron deposition in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes.

The authors report the striking increase in lymph node density due to hemochromatosis observed with computed tomography (CT) in nine patients with Cooley anemia treated with multiple blood transfusions. The CT appearance and pathologic findings of hemochromatosis of the liver and spleen in three of these patients were also observed and correlated with pathologic specimens. CT density of the liver seemed to relate to the degree of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis, rather than the amount of iron. Previous reports have not emphasized dense ferritinized lymph nodes in treated Cooley anemia patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of eosinophilic granuloma.

The clinical, radiographic, and computed tomographic (CT) findings in three proven cases of eosinophilic granuloma are presented. Because eosinophilic granuloma has typical appearance on CT, this method is more useful than plain film tomography in diagnosing this lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Proliferative changes of the hip in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

A ring of proliferative osteophytes at the junction of the femoral head and neck has been described as a characteristic finding in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. A review of 55 cases of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, without evidence of sacroiliitis, revealed an identical ridge of osteophytes in 5.

Adolescent↗