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Biomedical subjects

J S Milner

Publications and source records attributed to J S Milner.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Development of a random response scale for the child abuse potential inventory.

The present research employed a total of 479 subjects in three studies to develop and initially validate a random response scale for the Child Abuse Potential Inventory. Preliminary norm and reliability estimates are reported (Study One). Cross-validation (Study Two) and construct validity (Study Three) data are provided that indicate that the random response scale is stable across groups and can discriminate normal responders from those instructed to respond in a random, haphazard manner.

Child Abuse↗
PubMed1985

Child abuse potential and authoritarianism.

This study examined the relationship between child abuse, as measured by the Child Abuse Potential (CAP) Inventory, and authoritarianism, as measured by the Public Opinion Scale (POS). The study also attempted to provide convergent and discriminant validity for the CAP abuse factors rigidity and loneliness by correlating these factors with the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) variables order and affiliation, respectively. Group One consisted of 150 undergraduate students. Group Two consisted of 34 adult students from a second site. For the subjects in both groups, a nonsignificant relationship (p greater than .05) between abuse scores and authoritarianism was found. In contrast, in both groups significant relationships (p less than .05) were found between the CAP abuse factor rigidity and authoritarianism. Additional analysis indicated a significant inverse relationship (p less than .05) between the EPPS variable affiliation for Group One, but not for Group Two (p greater than .05).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Failure to thrive: parental indicators, types, and outcomes.

The present study clinically evaluated and followed 42 parents and their infants with environmental failure to thrive (FTT) to determine if the type of FTT is related to assessments of parental awareness/cooperation, subsequent FTT outcome, and later neglect. The relationships between the parent's Child Abuse Potential (CAP) Inventory scores and the clinical measures were determined. As expected, the type of FTT was related to the degree of parental awareness/cooperation and to FTT outcome. The degree of parental awareness/cooperation was predictive of FTT outcome. However, no relationships were found between FTT type, parental awareness/cooperation, FTT outcome and later neglect. In contrast, while the CAP scores were not related to FTT type, parental awareness/cooperation, and FTT outcome, they were predictive of later neglect.

Awareness↗
PubMed1985

Convergent and discriminant validity of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory.

A number of hypotheses were generated predicting the relationship between the Child Abuse Potential (CAP) Inventory and factors on the Sixteen Personality Factor (16PF) questionnaire. As expected, positive relationships were found between abuse and apprehension, tension, and anxiety, while a negative relationship was observed between abuse and stability. The 16PF factors of apprehension, tension, anxiety and stability, which had the strongest relationship with abuse, are factors descriptive of neuroticism. A regression and discriminant analysis, however, indicated these factors alone were not sufficient to accurately describe and predict abuse.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Detection of conscious deception using the Child Abuse Potential Inventory lie scale.

Two studies were conducted to provide data on the construct validity of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory lie scale. In Study One, 187 male and female undergraduate students were administered either the Child Abuse Potential Inventory, the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, or the Unlikely Virtues Scale. Three instructional sets were provided: respond honestly, distort responses in a positive manner, and distort responses in a negative manner. Each scale successfully discriminated between subjects in the honest and faking good conditions. Only the Marlowe-Crowne scale discriminated subjects in the faking bad condition through their low scores. No gender differences were observed as a function of instructional set or test employed. In Study Two, 31 male and female parents were given the CAP-Inventory under the same instructional sets provided in Study One. The findings for the parent group, the population the CAP-Inventory was designed to be employed with, replicated the results found in Study One.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Assessment of a program's effectiveness in selecting individuals "at risk" for problems in parenting.

Administered the Child Abuse Potential (CAP) Inventory to 99 parents assessed as "At Risk" of parenting problems by the At Risk Parent-Child Program, Inc., Tulsa, Oklahoma. The study was designed to determine the number and extent of elevated abuse scores in an "At Risk" group compared to a norm group and to discover whether present "At Risk" parents were more seriously "At Risk" than past clients in the same program. During a 3-year period participants were offered the CAP-Inventory as part of the routine evaluation process. Results indicated the "At Risk" group scored significantly above a norm group, with 58% and 52% of the "At Risk" parents scoring above the 95th and 99th percentiles of the norm group, respectively. Comparison of the present results with data from a previous study in the same program (Milner & Ayoub, 1980) showed that the present "At Risk" group earned a significantly higher mean abuse score and had significantly more individual scores above the 95th and 99th percentiles of the norm group than did previous "At Risk" parents. The data indicated the Program is currently more effective in the selection of parents in need of its services. However, because the clients are in greater need, other findings (Thomasson, Berkovitz, Minor, Cassle, McCord, & Milner, 1981) suggest that the Program may now find itself having a more difficult time demonstrating program effectiveness because participants may be more resistant to treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Construct validity of the child abuse potential inventory.

In an attempt to provide construct validity for the Child Abuse Potential (CAP) inventory, 176 Ss were given the inventory with its abuse and lie scales, an abbreviated MMPI with ego-strength and lie scales, and the Marlowe-Crowne Social-Desirability (M-C SD) scale. Analysis indicated a significant inverse relationship between the CAP abuse scale and the measure of ego-strength, which indicates that individuals who obtain elevated abuse scores have less adaptability and personal resourcefulness. Significant positive relationships were found between the CAP lie scale and the MMPI lie scale and between the CAP lie scale and the measure of social desirability. However, partial correlations indicated that the MMPI lie scale is relatively more important than social desirability in the understanding of the CAP lie scale. No significant relationships were observed between the CAP lie scale and the measure of ego-strength. Further, no significant relationships were found between the CAP abuse scale and the MMPI lie scale and the CAP abuse scale and the measure of social desirability. The present study provides results that are theoretically consistent with previous research on the CAP inventory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Prediction and explanation of child abuse.

Administered the Child Abuse Potential Inventory to 65 abusing and 65 matched nonabusing parents. An item analysis indicated that 77 of the 160 Inventory items significantly discriminated between abusers and nonabusers. A discriminant analysis, which employed the 77 significant items, correctly classified 125, or 96% of the 130 Ss as abusers or nonabusers. Identical results were obtained from a stepwise multiple regression analysis. Principal axis factoring with oblique promax rotations yielded a seven-factor solution with relatively specific dimensions. The seven factors, or dimensions, were: Distress, rigidity, child with problems, problems from family and others, unhappiness, loneliness, and negative concept of child and of self. Further analysis revealed that the rigidity, unhappiness, and distress factors were the most meaningful dimensions in the understanding of why some people abuse children.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of "at risk" parents using the Child Abuse Potential Inventory.

Investigated the ability of the Child Abuse Potential (CAP)--Inventory to distinguish "At Risk" individuals. During a 2-year period the CAP-Inventory was given of 67 "At Risk" parents who were participating in an "At Risk Parent-Child Program." Ss were judged as "At Risk" when they met one or more of the "At Risk" criteria that had been developed by the Program. Sixty-four of the Ss completed the CAP-Inventory. Results indicated that the "At Risk" sample scored significantly higher on the Inventory than a norm group. More specifically, 45% of the "At Risk" sample had Inventory scores above the 95th percentile of the norm group. Strengths and weaknesses involved in the labeling of Ss as "At Risk" using the "At Risk" criteria and the CAP-Inventory are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

An inventory for the identification of child abusers.

Conducted a literature review to identify personality traits that are characteristic of individuals who abuse and neglect children. On the basis of reported traits, a Child Abuse Potential Inventory that consisted of 334 items was constructed. The Inventory was administered to 19 abusing and 19 matched nonabusing parents. An item analysis was conducted to identify those items that discriminated between abusers and nonabusers. While the best 7 items accounted for slightly over 90% of the variance, the top 25 discriminators accounted for 99% of the variance. A principal axis factoring with oblique promax rotations was performed. Four factors, or dimensions, were identified. They were: loneliness, rigidity, problems and control. Additional analysis indicated that rigidity and problems dimensions were the best predictors of abuse.

Child↗