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J S Markowitz

Publications and source records attributed to J S Markowitz.

115 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The tyramine challenge test as a marker for melancholia.

A previous study reported that unipolar depressives excrete significantly lower amounts of urinary tyramine-O-sulfate following oral administration of a tyramine hydrochloride load than do normal control subjects. This study replicates and extends those findings by showing that within the heterogeneous group of unipolar depressives, patients with melancholia and bipolar patients with a history of melancholia manifest a tyramine excretion deficit. A small subgroup of medication-free patients in remission from episodes of melancholia had abnormally low tyramine sulfate excretion levels while they were euthymic, supporting the suggestion that reduced tyramine sulfate excretion following oral tyramine loading is a trait marker for depression. Further study of the role of trace amines in affective illness is warranted. Clinical application is not warranted until further evaluation of the sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of this oral tyramine challenge test.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Psychopharmacologic validation of atypical depression.

Sixty patients meeting specific criteria for atypical depression completed 6 weeks of double-blind, randomly assigned treatment with phenelzine, imipramine, or placebo. Patients who had a history of spontaneous panic attacks or hysteriod dysphoric features showed extremely low placebo-response rates, moderate responses to imipramine, and high rates of response to phenelzine. Conversely, patients without such features responded moderately well to all three treatments. Based on preliminary data, MAOI-specific atypical depression does appear to exist, although in more delimited forms than previously recognized.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-reported short- and long-term respiratory effects among PVC-exposed firefighters.

Firefighters exposed to burning polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were studied to assess respiratory effects at 5-6 wk post-incident and again 22 mo following the fire. Exposed subjects reported significantly more frequent and severe respiratory symptoms at both time points than did firefighter controls. In longitudinal analyses, a number of symptoms persisted over time, and acute symptom scores were significantly correlated with chronic scores. At Time 2, approximately 18% of exposed firefighters, compared with none of the controls, reported that since the time of the PVC exposure, a physician had told them that they had either asthma and/or bronchitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurses, physicians, and pharmacists: their knowledge of hazards of medications.

At a major tertiary care teaching hospital, random samples of 100 nurses, 102 physicians, and all of the hospital's 14 pharmacists were tested on their knowledge of the hazards of medications. The 25-question examination was generated by way of a rigorous validating procedure and was self-administered by the practitioners. Based on a perfect examination score of 100, the group mean scores of the nurses, physicians, and pharmacists were 72.3, 81.3 and 85.1, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance demonstrated that the difference in knowledge among the three groups of practitioners was significant (p less than .001). Pairwise (Scheffe) contrast tests revealed that the difference in knowledge between the physicians and nurses, and the pharmacists and nurses was significant; the nurses proved to be the least knowledgeable of the three practitioner groups. The nurses' scores were analyzed by years of nursing experience, type of educational preparation, hospital service affiliation, and hospital shift. A one-way analysis of variance revealed that there was a significant difference in nurses: knowledge by hospital shift (p less than .05). A posteriori contrast tests (Scheffe) indicated that the group mean score of the day shift nurses (mean = 75.6) was significantly different than the average of the evening and night shift nurses' scores (mean = 69.9).

Cognition↗