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Biomedical subjects

J S Manning

Publications and source records attributed to J S Manning.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus RNA.

RNA extracted from isopycnically banded [3-H]uridine-labeled bovine viral diarrhea virus with sodium dodecyl sulfate was resolved into one major and two minor components by both sedimentation analysis and electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. The major RNA component was estimated to have a 38S sedimentation coefficient. The minor RNA components were estimated to have S values of 31 and 24. The approximate colecular weights were calculated to be 3.22 times 10-6 (38S), 2.09 times 10-6 (31S), and 1.22 times 10-6 (24S). A single broad peak of radioactivity, maximum at 24S, was obtained when sedimentation was conducted under conditions of low ionic strength. All three RNA components were found to be susceptible to digestion with RNase. The presence of multiple RNA components in heterogeneous populations of infectious virus is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Correction of a murine mammary tumor virus-associated immunological depression by selective immunosuppression with cytosine arabinoside.

Mammary tumor virus (MTV) infection has been shown to be associated with a diminished hypersensitive reaction to methylated bovine serum albumin. Since methylated bovine serum albumin-induced hypersensitivity appears to be a mixed [humoral versus cell-mediated immunity (CMI)] reaction, the deficit in reactivity could be caused by, among other things, a direct depression of CMI or an increase in a humoral, blocking component. Assay of oxazolone-induced contact sensitivity and phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte stimulation revealed normal or greater than normal CMI in MTV-positive animals. Treatment of MTV-positive and -negative animals with a regimen of cytosine arabinoside designed to inhibit only humoral immunity and leave CMI intact, corrected the deficit in methylated bovine serum albumin reactivity in MTV-positive mice. Thus, it is suggested that MTV infection may facilitate the production of interfering or blocking humoral immunity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The bipolar spectrum: a review of current concepts and implications for the management of depression in primary care.

Family physicians inevitably encounter patients with bipolar disorders, often when the patient is depressed. For most of these patients, the attendant elevations in mood fall short of mania. Such milder periods of expansive mood, hypomanias, may go unrecognized unless the physician specifically queries the patient to uncover them. In addition, patients with bipolar disorders often manifest other distinctive characteristics. An understanding of these hints of bipolarity is helpful to clinicians treating depressive illness. Patients with bipolar disorders are at risk for treatment complications caused by the administration of antidepressants without the concurrent use of mood stabilizers, such as lithium carbonate, valproate sodium, and carbamazepine. Such complications include exacerbation of hypomania or mania, induction of refractory states, and, perhaps, rapid cycling or mixed states. We review current issues in classification of bipolar disorders and emphasize the importance of identifying hypomania. An introduction to the concept of affective temperaments and a brief review of treatment strategies and treatment complications are included.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On the nature of depressive and anxious states in a family practice setting: the high prevalence of bipolar II and related disorders in a cohort followed longitudinally.

Much of the scientific literature on affective states in primary care settings is derived from instrument-based diagnoses, typically without the benefit of clinical in-depth examination. In a naturalistic family practice setting, we prospectively evaluated 108 consecutive anxious and/or depressed patients. All diagnoses derived from semistructured interviews conducted by a family physician with enhanced training in mood disorders. Nonbipolar depressions were found in 60 of 108 patients (55.6%), nearly half of whom were in the depression not otherwise specified (DNOS) category; yet on careful history, all but two of 28 DNOS cases had major depressive episodes in the past. Twenty-eight patients (25.9%) were diagnosed with bipolar I, II, or III disorder or cyclothymia. Panic disorder was found in 9%, and obsessive-compulsive disorder and active chemical dependency were each diagnosed in 3%. Bipolar spectrum disorders were common (one in three within the depressive group) and at times were not recognized until several weeks or months into the treatment phase of the depressed or anxious state. Although the largest percentage of patients had DNOS at the index episode, bipolar illness (usually bipolar II) was also common. Our findings contrast with the nearly total unipolarity reported in the instrument-based (nonclinician) literature. If generalizable, our observations have significant implications for physician education and practice, since bipolar depressions require different interventions. Further investigation to explore interview approaches and/or instruments sensitive for hypomania and other "soft" bipolar features seems warranted.

Adolescent↗