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Biomedical subjects

J Rydberg

Publications and source records attributed to J Rydberg.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Radiographic changes after lumbar discectomy. Sequential enhanced computed tomography in relation to clinical observations.

Fifty patients, with single-level disc herniations verified by computed tomography, took part in a study where they were randomized to either microsurgery or standard surgery. The aim of the study was to describe the changes on a series of radiographic examinations after disc resection, and to relate these changes to clinical symptoms. The study was prospective and the patients were examined with contrast-enhanced computed tomography during the first postoperative week, after 1-2 months, and after 1 year. At 1 year after surgery 16 patients showed posterior disc protrusion, 47 showed scar tissue, and 13 showed nerve root displacement. Microsurgically operated patients did not show less scar tissue. None of the postoperative radiographic changes had any definite correlation to remaining back pain or leg pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Radiocolloid uptake in spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee. A case report.

Bone marrow scintigraphy, including radionuclide angiography in a 66-year-old woman with spontaneous osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle, showed a marked increase in radiocolloid uptake in the affected condyle. Radiocolloid uptake (reflecting phagocytic activity at the osteonecrotic lesion) was correlated with findings on roentgenography, three-phase bone scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance imaging.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

A simple reliable agglutination test for screening P-fimbriated Escherichia coli in children with urinary tract infections gives valuable clinical information.

Most urinary tract infections (UTI) are caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) and the pathogenetic mechanisms of this bacterium have been thoroughly studied. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), capsular polysaccharides and fimbrial structures are among the more important virulence markers. P-fimbriae, with a specificity for the carbohydrate structure of the P blood group system (alpha-D-Gal-1,4-beta-D-Gal) have attracted particular interest, as non-fimbriated E. coli rarely give rise to pyelonephritis, unless the normal defence mechanisms of the urinary tract are impaired. We have evaluated a commercial test (Orion Diagnostica, PF test), developed to detect P-fimbriae on E. coli from clinical isolates. It is based on latex particles with covalently bound receptors (alpha-D-Gal-1,4-beta-D-gal). In this study a high correlation was found between pyelonephritis, as judged by clinical and biochemical criteria, and a positive PF test.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1990

Are tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or cortisol of value for the diagnosis of acute septicemia?

Early diagnosis is of great importance to improve the prognosis of septicemia. Traditional laboratory tests are either delayed like blood cultures, or unspecific like WBC count or ESR. In this retrospective pilot study we have assayed plasma cortisol, blood sugar and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) from patients with verified septicemia. With the approach used in this study none of the tests were able to differentiate between septicemia and other infectious febrile illnesses, or to predict if the causing organism was gram-positive or gram-negative.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Lumbar disc degeneration. Correlation between CT and CT/discography.

Computed tomography (CT) images of 59 discs in 30 patients suffering from low back pain were compared with CT/discography images of the same discs in order to assess the correlation between intradiscal damage and changes in annular configuration and density. The discs were graded in CT as not bulging, slight protrusion, advanced protrusion or disc herniation, and were checked for local areas of hypodensity. General degeneration and annular disruption in CT/discography were evaluated separately according to the Dallas Discogram Description, on a scale of non-existent, slight, moderate, or severe. Most discs with a slight protrusion in CT showed severe annular disruption in CT/discography. Discs with advanced protrusion showed in addition a severe general degeneration. Disc herniation was associated only with severe annular disruption. Local hypodensity proved to be a specific but insensitive sign of annular disruption. It is concluded that a bulging disc is a sign of intradiscal damage and should be noted even when there is no nerve entrapment present.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Imaging of cerebellar surface activation in vivo using voltage sensitive dyes.

The understanding of the information processing performed by complex neuronal networks in the central nervous system will require techniques permitting the simultaneous monitoring of the electrical activity of neuronal ensembles. Voltage sensitive dyes offer the potential for non-invasive optical monitoring of the activity in large populations of neurons. In this report we describe the use of voltage sensitive dyes and image processing techniques to monitor in vivo the activation of parallel fibers and associated neuronal events produced by stimulation of the cerebellar cortex in the rat. Despite the temporal limitations of video processing a relatively brief set of neuronal events was successfully imaged. Using this methodology we demonstrate that the detected fluorescent light changes were highly correlated with the evoked extracellular field potentials. Graded surface stimulation produced graded spatial patterns consistent with known parallel fiber anatomy and physiology. The optical signals were dependent on the presence of the voltage sensitive dyes and were abolished by topical application of a local anesthetic agent. In essence, activation of a parallel fiber beam and associated activity were imaged at relatively high resolution.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Scintigraphic findings in the rheumatoid knee joint.

An increased uptake of 99m-technetium methylenediphosphonate was found in 42 knees of 24 patients afflicted with rheumatoid arthritis. All the 23 knees which were painful and the 21 knees which had synovitis showed an increased concentration of isotope. Articular space narrowing was observed in 26 joints, all but one of which were subjected to increased isotopic accumulation and synovitis. The degree of radiologic cartilage destruction correlated significantly with the isotopic uptake. In the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis, the isotopic uptake was found to be heterogeneous within the joint in one half of the cases. In the later stages, with a narrowed articular space and valgus angulation, the isotope was concentrated to the lateral side of the joint, while joints with varus angulation had a more symmetric distribution. The degree and distribution of uptake seemed to be governed by several factors, among others, inflammatory activity and mechanical load.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Intrafamilial spreading of Escherichia coli resistant to trimethoprim.

Bacterial resistance to trimethoprim has mainly been considered a problem confined to hospitals. The present investigation was undertaken to check for any possible spread of trimethoprim resistance borne by uropathogenic Escherichia coli among families of outpatients. Family members, living in the same household as outpatients with urinary tract infections caused by a trimethoprim-resistant E. coli strain, were asked to deliver faecal specimens. Of a total number of 51 family members 16 were found to be carrying trimethoprim-resistant E. coli in their faecal flora. A comparison of serotypes showed 8 of the 16 family members to have the same E. coli strain in their faeces as originally isolated in the urine of the index patient from the same family. The results indicate that resistance to trimethoprim not only spreads in hospitals with intensive use of antibiotics, but also among the families of trimethoprim-treated outpatients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Hyperparathyroidism in the elderly.

Primary hyperparathyroidism was studied in a well-defined geriatric population of 1129 individuals during a three-month interval. Primary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed in 1.5%. The diagnosis was based on a morphologic and biochemic basis. From clinical material consisting of 400 patients treated surgically for primary hyperparathyroidism during a ten-year period, 158 patients (38%) above the age of 64 were studied. At the preoperative evaluation, neuromuscular symptoms were present in 80%, renal insufficiency and kidney stones in each 16%, constipation and/or anorexia in 38%. Ten per cent were considered asymptomatic. In 80% the primary hyperparathyroidism was caused by a solitary adenoma. Ninety-four per cent became normocalcemic following the operation. Consistent hypocalcemia requiring vitamin-D treatment occurred in 3%, and 2% had a persisting hypercalcemia or later recurrence. The therapeutic effect on the neuromuscular symptoms, constipation, anorexia, and renal stone formation was considered good or fair in most of the cases. Primary hyperparathyroidism in the elderly occurs with a high prevalence. It can be treated successfully by surgical therapy with a low cost of morbidity, mortality, and medical care.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Hyperparathyroidism in the old age.

In a well-defined geriatric population the prevalence of primary hyperparathyroidism was 1.5%. From a clinical material consisting of 400 patients treated surgically for primary hyperparathyroidism during a 10-year period 158 patients (38%) above the age of 64 were studied. Neuromuscular symptoms were present in 80%, renal insufficiency or kidney stones in each 16%, constipation and/or anorexia in 38%. 10% were considered clinically asymptomatic. In 80% the primary hyperparathyroidism was caused by a solitary adenoma. Normocalcaemia was achieved in 94%. Hypocalcaemia requiring vitamin D treatment occurred in 3%, and in 2% hypercalcaemia persisted or recurred. All of these had multiglandular parathyroid disease. The therapeutic effect of the surgical treatment was considered good or fair in most of the cases. No mortality occurred. Primary hyperparathyroidism occurs with a high prevalence in the elderly. It can be treated successfully by surgical therapy with a low cost of morbidity, mortality and medical care.

Adenoma↗