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Biomedical subjects

J Ruiz

Publications and source records attributed to J Ruiz.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Comparative study of Legionella pneumophila and other nosocomial-acquired pneumonias.

We studied, in a prospective way, the characteristics of definitively diagnosed nosocomially acquired pneumonias in our hospital over 36 months. Out of 55 cases, 27 were due to Legionella pneumophila and 28 to other, non-Legionella bacteria. The cases of legionellosis concentrated in July, August, and December. The only risk factors that showed significant differences (p less than 0.05) were general anesthesia and surgery and immunosuppressive disease, which were more frequent in the non-Legionella group, as were chronic liver disease and lowering of consciousness level. The absence of severe underlying disease, chronic or not, was uncommon in both groups, but more frequent in the Legionella group. We observed no differences in the clinical features of the two groups. Mean values of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and total bilirubin were higher (p less than 0.05) in the non-Legionella group. The only x-ray data that showed significant difference were pleural effusion, more frequent in the non-Legionella group (p less than 0.02). The mortality rate of legionellosis was 14.6 percent compared to 35.7 percent for the non-Legionella group (p less than 0.05). We conclude that a sure differential diagnosis based on clinical, roentgenographic and analytical features of both groups is not possible. The relatively low mortality rate of the Legionella group, when compared to other series of nosocomial legionellosis, could be due to the standard use of erythromycin in the therapeutic approach to nosocomial-acquired pneumonia in our hospital.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Bacteremia after fibrobronchoscopy. Prospective study].

We prospectively evaluated in 88 inpatients the incidence of fever and bacteremia after fiberoptic bronchoscopy and its predisposing variables. Fever was present in 27% of cases and no bacteremia could be demonstrated neither associated nor intercurrent . Chronic Hepatic Disease, endobronchial pathology and bronchial biopsy practice were predisposing factors for fever development in the univariant analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Morphometry and classification of the cat hypothalamic capillaries using multivariate analysis.

Multivariate statistical methods were used to do morphological determination of the amount and the relation of the astrocytic foot processes (AF), astrocytic lamina (AL) and dense zones (DZ) on hypothalamic capillaries. We corroborated that 100% of the perivascular membrane is surrounded by glial astrocytic cytoplasm. Principal component analysis shows that the original variables are independent of one another. Cluster analysis confirms the individual situation obtained through the principal component analysis. Discriminant analysis shows that the discriminant capacity of the 3 variables is very significant. For the potential interrelations of astrocytic foot processes, astrocytic lamina and dense zones we have clearly differentiated four groups of hypothalamic capillaries.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Overdose].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1991

[Etiology of bloody diarrhea in children from a rural community].

The etiology of bloody diarrhea was investigated in a cohort of 75 children followed longitudinally from birth during the first two years of life in a rural Village of Central Mexico. Of a total of 636 episodes of diarrhea, 71 (11%) showed presence of blood. A single associated pathogen was isolated in 59 (83%) of 71 children; 35% showed the presence of enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), 11% of E. coli producing Shiga-like toxins (SLT) I and/or II; 13% of Shigella, 7% of Campylobacterjejuni or enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and 4% enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), Salmonella, Giardia lamblia or Hymenolepis nana. Mixed cultures were found in 16% of cases during the first year and in 18% during the second. These were mainly combinations of C. jejuni, with ETEC or EAEC. In 78% of children with bloody diarrhea the episode was single event during the first two years of life, lasting on average seven days. Epidemiologically, the incidence of bloody diarrhea rose steadily during the first two years of life, with a significant decrease after the tenth month. Prevalence was affected by seasonality in all pathogens, except for EAEC that had an endemic frequency. In the case of Shigella and SLT-producing E. coli clustering of cases and isolation of serologically identical strains indicated that infections were the result of common source outbreaks.

Diarrhea, Infantile↗
PubMed1990

Tuberculosis of the breast: a rare modern disease.

A case of mammary tuberculosis is reported. A communication between the axillary glands and the breast emphasises Cooper's theory that the breast becomes secondarily involved by lymphatic extension. Involvement of other organs by acid-fast bacilli could not be demonstrated. A relapse occurred sixteen months after a 6-month course of treatment with rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol and pyrazinamide.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1990

Selective chemoprophylaxis guided by multifactorial analysis in superficial bladder cancer.

One hundred and five patients with superficial bladder cancer (60 primary and 45 recurrent tumors) entered a prospective chemoprophylaxis trial after transurethral resection of the tumor. The drug for chemoprophylaxis was chosen by a computer which received the tumor data and analyzed them through a previous program of recurrence risk factors (multivariant analysis). In comparison with the aleatory selection of the drug, this statistical computerized choice has diminished the recurrence index (from 8 to 3) and increased the interval free of disease (from 70 to 83.5 months) in this group of patients.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

Postural variation of the maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures in normal subjects.

The maximum static inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP, respectively) were measured in 15 normal male subjects (average age, 27.14 years) in standing and sitting position. The MIP was determined at RV and FRC and MEP was determined at TLC and FRC. No significant differences were found for these parameters between the two postures. Our study proves that the posture adopted by the subject when these two maneuvers are performed does not influence the results obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Variation in maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure after application of inspiratory loads in patients with COPD.

We studied eight men with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (age, 60.57 +/- 7.59 years; height, 162 +/- 10.43 cm; weight, 65 +/- 9.7 kg). Functional values of the sample were as follows: FEV1, 46 percent; FVC, 67 percent; PO2, 72.4 mm Hg; and pH, 7.41. We used a modification of the Nickerson and Keens method. Patients were required to perform 65 percent of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). We counted the time from the start of the test to exhaustion of the patient (TLIM). We measured basal MIP and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (TLC) at the TLIM and 10, 20, and 30 minutes and MIP was different from the basal value (MIP basal, 85.7 cm H2O; MIP 10 minutes, 79.1 cm H2O; MIP 20 minutes, 78.6 cm H2O; MIP 30 minutes, 79.6 cm H2O. The MEP was not different from the basal value. We concluded that in patients with COPD, MIP decreases significantly after inspiration through umbral inspiratory weight equal to 65 percent MIP and does not return to basal value for 30 minutes. The MEP does not change with respect to basal determination.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1990

[The rupture of surgical gloves in a general hospital].

We studied the incidence of rupture of surgical gloves used at a general hospital: A) new gloves (n = 114); B) gloves used at a major general, gynecological or urological operation (n = 258), and C) recirculating surgical gloves (n = 86). A special techniques based on transmission of an electrical signal through the rupture was used to identify rupture. Rupture was present in 8.8, 28 and 26% of surgical gloves in groups A, B and C, respectively. Type of surgery or surgeon involved did not influence rupture of gloves in group A. However, rupture increased in relation to the duration of surgery (40% incidence in operations lasting more than 90 min). Our results suggest the need for better quality control of new surgical gloves and glove change after 90 min of operation.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1990

Vaginal gamete intrafallopian transfer. Experience with 14 cases.

A procedure utilizing transvaginal aspiration of stimulated gametes followed by transcervical, ultrasound-guided catheterization of the tubal ostia was performed as a modification of the standardized gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) technique. Among 14 patients with 16 cycles there were four normal, intrauterine pregnancies and one ectopic pregnancy. In two patients the beta-human gonadotropin level rose significantly and then started to fall; the patients aborted spontaneously. The procedure can be performed with a higher degree of patient acceptance than can traditional GIFT, and the success rate in this small series was promising.

Adult↗