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Biomedical subjects

J Ruiz Manzano

Publications and source records attributed to J Ruiz Manzano.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Prevalence of tuberculosis in a population from Kosovo sheltered in Catalonia, Spain].

BACKGROUND: Prevalence of tubeculosis (TB) among refugees is high. The goal was to detect TB active cases in a group of refugees from Kosovo and to describe the prevalence of TB infection. PATIENTS AND METHOD: 222 people sheltered in Catalonia, Spain, were tested for TB using the Mantoux method and a chest x-ray. The odds ratio (OR) was adjusted by the age of presenting a positive PPD test for different diameters of induration according to the previous BCG vaccination history. RESULTS: No cases of active TB were detected and 82% of the population was found to be vaccinated with BCG. The OR of presenting a positive PPD was higher, and statistically significant, in vaccinated subjects compared to non-vaccinated ones for indurations >= 5 mm and >= 10 mm (OR: 4.5 and 3.6 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: BCG-vaccinated subjects from this population can be considered to be infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis as long as the induration is higher than 15 mm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Threatening hemoptysis. Results of treatment with arterial embolization].

OBJECTIVE: Retrospective analysis the immediate and long-term efficacy of embolization of bronchial and systemic arteries in the treatment of threatening or relapsing hemoptysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the study period 122 arterial embolizations were performed in patients with hemoptysis over 100 ml in 24 hours, relapsing hemoptysis and/or presence of vital risk factors. Embolization was performed with polyvinyl alcohol particles, spongostan and metallic spirals. Seventy patients were included in the study and 47 were excluded as they came from other institutions. RESULTS: Angiographic changes were observed in 100% of patients. The immediate clinical success, defined as hemoptysis control, was obtained in the 70 patients. The mean follow-up time was 21.2 +/- 16.3 months. Relapsing hemoptysis occurred in 17.1% of patients (12 patients), of which 5.7% (4 cases) occurred in the first seven days and in 11.4% (8 patients) after 6 months. In five patients (7.1%) a new embolization was performed and 6 were operated after embolization (5 of them with bronchiectasis). The remarkable complications derived from the procedure included self-limited paraparesis of the lower limbs and severe chest pain. CONCLUSIONS: The embolization of bronchial arteries is an efficient technique for the treatment of threatening hemoptysis and relapses, is associated with a low morbidity rate, and the late relapse is relatively common among patiets with bronchiectasis.

Embolization, Therapeutic↗
PubMed2001

[The relay].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Periodicals as Topic↗
PubMed2000

[Infection and antibiotic use in COPD in primary care].

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to know the opinion of Spanish primary care physicians regarding various aspects of diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly with regard to bacterial infection in COPD. METHODS: A 20-item questionnaire about diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of COPD was distributed to 15,000 primary care physicians. The sample was stratified to be representative of Spanish geographic areas. Participation was voluntary and no incentive was provided; assurance of confidentiality of information given. A specially designed program was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Valid responses were obtained from 1,852 physicians (12.3%), 86% of whom were practicing in public clinics. Increased coughing with mucopurulent expectoration was considered the most important sign leading to suspicion of respiratory infection according to 70% of the respondents. The germs that primary care physicians thought responsible for infection in most cases were H. influenzae (83%), S. pneumoniae (79%), Pseudomonas (65%) and M. catarrhalis (61%). Antimicrobial spectrum was considered the main criterion for choosing an antibiotic (by 91%). The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were by order of preference: amoxicillin-clavulanic (50%), macrolides (24%), second and third generation cephalosporins (15%) and others. Mean duration of treatment was seen to be 10 days in nearly all cases. CONCLUSIONS: The primary care physicians surveyed were shown to have a good level of understanding of bacterial infection and its treatment in COPD.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1997

[Analysis of 90 cases of pleural tuberculosis in relation to adenosine deaminase levels].

BACKGROUND: To analyze the adenosine deaminase (ADA) pleural levels and the possibility of a typical pattern of tuberculous pleuritis (TP) in relation to these values. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed 90 consecutive cases of TP dividend into two groups on the basis of the pleural ADA measurements: group 1 (less than 43 U/I) and group 2 (equal or higher than 43 U/I). We compared: age, sex, tuberculous risk factors, clinic onset and duration, PPD, chest roentgenogram, biochemical (LDH, glucose and proteins) and cytological examination of the pleural fluid, microbiologic studies on sputum, pleural fluid and biopsies, histologic findings of the biopsies, evolution and sequelae after the treatment. RESULTS: 36 patients in the group 1 (40%) and 54 in the group 2 (60%) (p = 0.01). All the parameters were similar in both groups excluding LDH pleural levels, that were higher in group 2. In 20 cases of the group 1, we obtained a second analysis of pleural ADA and we observed in 11 cases (55%) an ADA value above 43 U/I. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that ADA pleural level is increased in the majority of our patients with a low initial sensibility of 60%, that can increase with a second determination (72%). ADA activity below 43 U/I cannot exclude the tuberculous aetiology of an effusion and can persist negative in other analyses. The results suggest a response of different chronology without any relation to initial ADA pleural level.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1997

[Comparative study of acute and chronic forms of pleural tuberculosis].

To analyze whether a characteristic pattern distinguishes acute forms (symptoms starting no more than one week earlier) and subacute or chronic forms (symptoms lasting more than one week) of pleural tuberculosis (PT) in our practice. Retrospective analysis of 102 cases of PT diagnosed between 1986 and 1992, comparing the findings of case histories, imaging, pleural biochemistry and cytology, microbiology of sputum, pleural biopsy and fluid, anatomy and pathology studies of the biopsy specimens, course of disease, response to treatment and sequelae after one year and a half. Thirty-two patients (31.4%) had acute PT and 70 (68.6%) had chronic forms. LDH levels and the percentage of pleural nuclear polymorphism were higher in acute cases, while the concurrence of systemic involvement and lymphocytic predominance was more often seen in chronic cases. Other data analyzed were similar in both groups. No specific clinical or X-ray profiles or differences in course of disease and response to treatment distinguishes between acute and chronic forms of PT after 7 days. Only LDH levels and cytology results differentiated acute forms and, occasionally, such cases were indistinguishable from pneumonia-like effusion.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Factors associated with pleural thickening in pleural tuberculosis. Review of 99 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze which factors were related to the development of pleural thickening in pleural tuberculosis (PT). METHODS: We reported 99 patients diagnosed as having PT separated into two different groups according to the presence of radiographic pleural thickening after completing the treatment: normal chest roentgenogram (group 1) or pleural thickening (group 2). We compared: clinical history, chest radiography, pleural fluid analysis, microbiological studies and effects of the treatment. RESULTS: 35 cases in group 1 (35.35%) and 64 in group 2 (64.45%). All the compared results did not differ between the two groups, excluding a higher incidence of febrile cases, increased white cell count and decreased relative percentage of pleural lymphocytes in group 1, and increased number of cases with hemoptysis, positive sputum cultures in patients with parenchymal infiltrates, relative percentage of pleural lymphocytes and decreased white cell count in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: We reported an elevated incidence of residual pleural thickening, but it is unlikely that all the cases could have any clinical significance. We didn't confirm a characteristic pattern. Our findings suggested that a different reaction related or not to the hypersensitivity, rather than the inflammatory response to infection was the responsible for the fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Prospective study of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a Spanish urban population including patients at risk for HIV infection.

From January 1988 to October 1992, the primary resistance to first-line antituberculous drugs in 501 tuberculous patients was evaluated prospectively. Three-hundred and seventeen patients were HIV-negative and 184 were HIV-positive; these patients had several different clinical forms of tuberculosis. Moreover, the acquired resistance to antituberculous drugs was studied in 295 non-AIDS patients and in 42 AIDS patients with evidence of antecedent tuberculosis treatment. The data indicated that during these five years there was no consistent and clear-cut trend toward greater frequency of primary drug resistance to any of the first-line antituberculous drugs. Primary drug resistance in HIV-positive patients (7.1%) did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) from that found in HIV-negative patients (8.2%). Among HIV-positive patients, the acquired drug resistance pattern was similar to that detected in HIV-negative patients although the frequency of resistance in the former (69%) was significantly higher (p < 0.01). During the study, resistance to isoniazid was almost constant in the acquired-resistance cases and was frequently associated with resistance to other drugs. Furthermore, the acquired resistance to isoniazid was often of a higher level (1 to 10 mg/l) than the primary resistance (0.2 mg/l), and those strains were usually catalase and peroxidase negative.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

Inhibitory effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate in detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by amplification of rRNA.

The concentrations of sodium dodecyl (lauryl) sulfate (SDS) found in the sediments of the respiratory samples pretreated with SDS-NaOH varied between 3.36 and 12.42 mg/ml. These concentrations of SDS were higher than the level considered critical (> or = 0.16 mg/ml) to obtain negative results with the Gen-Probe Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test. Extensive washing, after neutralization of sediment, is sufficient to remove all traces of detergent which interfere with the enzymes used by the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test assay.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗