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Biomedical subjects

J Ruedy

Publications and source records attributed to J Ruedy.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Acebutolol and hydrochlorothiazide in essential hypertension.

Acebutolol (ABL) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) were compared in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and low or normal peripheral renin activity. ABL reduced mean supine blood pressure from 151/97 to 140/87 mm Hg and HCT reduced the mean supine blood pressure from 153/98 to 143/92 mm Hg. ABL reduced heart rate from 73 to 67 beats/min; during HCT therapy it rose from 74 to 77 beats/min. Although the same proportion of patients achieved normal diastolic pressures with ABL (11/19) and with HCT (10/19), tension-time indices were lower during ABL than during HCT therapy. The average daily dose was 621 mg of ABL and 168 mg of HCT. Stimulated peripheral renin activity increased with HCT and was the same or lower with ABL. ABL did not induce adverse effects on serum potassium or uric acid. ABL was as effective in lowering blood pressure HCT but induced larger reductions in tension-time index as a result of the lowerered heart rate.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1979

Antihypertensive efficacy of propranolol given twice daily.

The therapeutic efficacy of propranolol in four and two daily doses was compared in 63 treated hypertensive patients in a multicentre trial. After 3 months of a stable diastolic blood pressure while receiving propranolol four times a day the patients were switched to a twice-a-day regimen, the drug being given at 8 am and 8 pm, with the same total daily dose, for 3 more months. Blood pressures and heart rates were measured at 8 am, 12 noon, 4 pm and 8 pm at 4-week intervals. There were no significant changes in mean blood pressure after the change to the twice-a-day regimen, although some patients reported new side effects. Compliance appeared to be unaffected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Monitoring drug use.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions↗
PubMed1978

Antihypertensive responses to spironolactone in normal renin hypertension.

The antihypertensive effect of spironolactone was studied in 20 patients with essential hypertension and normal stimulated peripheral renin activity (PRA). Single-blind 8-wk treatment periods of placebo, 100, 200, and 400 mg spironolactone were used in consecutive order. Average supine and erect blood pressures were lower than placebo values at the end of each treatment. A prominent orthostatic effect was observed. Changes in blood pressure were not related to changes in body weight, PRA, or blood urea nitrogen. A larger proportion (50%) of patients had a more normal erect diastolic pressure at the end of 400 mg/day than at the end of 100 mg/day (20%), but the response to 400 mg/day could not be predicted from the responses to lower doses. Larger doses of spironolactone were predictably associated with rises in serum potassium, PRA, and aldosterone excretion. Adverse effects were absent during therapy with 100 mg/day but were frequent during 200--400 mg/day. Although there are no apparent advantages in increasing spironolactone from 100 to 200 mg/day in this group of patients with normal renin hypertension, increasing the dose to 400 mg/day resulted in better blood pressure control with more frequent adverse effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of metronidazole on the incidence of postoperative wound infection in elective colon surgery.

A prospective randomized clinical trial assessing the relative effectiveness of erythromycin-neomycin and metronidazole-neomycin as a preoperative bowel preparation was carried out. Bacteriologic studies of feces and colon content revealed no significant difference in the reduction of aerobic bacteria between the two groups. There was, however, a significantly greater reduction in anaerobic bacteria in the feces and colon contents of patients receiving metronidazole. Wound infection rate was 25% in the erythromycin group, and organisms recovered from the wound in all cases were fecal in nature. Two wound infections occurred in the metronidazole group (5%) and in both cases the organisms recovered were staphylococci of presumed skin origin. These studies suggest that anaerobic bacteria are the major contributors to wound infection after colon surgery and that their specific reduction is associated with a lower incidence of wound infection.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1974

Oral amoxicillin in acute uncomplicated gonorrhea.

Of 53 patients with acute uncomplicated gonorrhea treated with amoxicillin 2 g and probenecid 1 g orally as a single administration, six failed to return for follow-up examination, 10 developed postgonococcal urethritis and one was a treatment failure. The remainder achieved symptomatic cure in an average of 2.3 days. Adverse drug effects were infrequent, mild and transient. We conclude that this dose of amoxicillin and probenecid is a safe and effective treatment regimen.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1974

Practical concepts of drug absorption, distribution and loss.

Serum concentrations of ampicillin were measured following administration of the drug orally and intravenously to nine normal volunteers. The results were analysed by graphic methods, and the effects of absorption, distribution and loss on the time serum concentration curve are discussed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1973

Acute drug poisoning in the adult.

In a prospective study of 349 patients with acute poisoning treated at The Montreal General Hospital in 1972 benzodiazepines and non-barbiturate hypnotics were found to be the most frequent putative drugs. Of the 108 patients admitted to hospital 37% had taken an overdose of a drug prescribed for them by their psychiatrist or other physician; 48% had formerly taken an overdose of drugs and 44% had had previous psychiatric treatment. Unconsciousness, respiratory depression, metabolic acidosis and acidemia, and hypokalemia were the most frequent clinical abnormalities observed. Treatment was supportive. There were six deaths. The average duration of coma was short; only five surviving patients remained unconscious for more than 24 hours. Respiratory complications were frequent.It is recommended that more attention be paid to recognizing patients whose behaviour pattern might include such an impulsive gesture, and that alternatives be found for barbiturate and non-barbiturate hypnotics.

Adult↗