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J Rousseau

Publications and source records attributed to J Rousseau.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Restriction endonuclease mapping of globin genes in beta-thalassaemia.

We have used the restriction endonuclease mapping technique to analyse the globin genes in local cases of beta-thalassaemia major. No gross deletions or rearrangements of the beta-globin gene locus were detected. In one individual the point mutation within the beta-globin gene which gives rise to a beta(0)-thalassaemia allele was detected by use of a restriction enzyme which cuts the gene at this site. Analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the beta-globin locus showed that antenatal diagnosis of the disorder could be accomplished in an indigenous family with thalassaemia. The application of the gene-mapping technique to the diagnosis of sickle cell anaemia and alpha-thalassaemia is also discussed.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1983

Synthesis, tissue distribution and tumor uptake of [99Tc]tetrasulfophthalocyanine.

99Tc-labeled-tetrasulfophthalocyanine was prepared by the condensing of sulfophthalic acid and pertechnetate in the presence of a reducing agent. Reaction products were purified in various chromatographic systems and characterized by combustion, specific activity and spectral analyses. The tissue distribution pattern of the major product was studied in tumor-bearing rats. Most of the activity accumulated in the liver, kidneys, ovaries and uterus, whereas tumor uptake mainly occurred in the exterior cell layers. The in vivo stability of the complex was evidenced by the absence of 99Tc accumulation in the thyroid and the stomach.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Water diffusion and measurement of cerebral blood flow by C15O2 inhalation].

Measurement of local Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) using the C15O2 continuous inhalation technique coupled with Position Emission Tomography (PET) rests on the assumption that the in vivo labelled water (H215O) of blood diffuses freely within the brain water pool. This requirement however, may be disputed: in the rhesus monkey, Eichling et al (1974) showed a linear relationship between the single-pass extraction of water (E) and CBF after intra-carotid H215O injection, such that E decreases as CBF increases. Such a limitation in water transport across the blood brain barrier has also been suggested to exist in man (Paulson, 1977). In order to verify its possible effects on measured CBF in baboons, simple computer analysis was performed comparing the data obtained with CBF values reported in similar experiments, but using a freely diffusible inert gas (133Xe). This allowed calculation of a water extraction index (IE), which was shown to decline as CBF increased. This result may be considered as a presumption of the part played by the limited water diffusibility on the final CBF values, but other factors must also be considered, such as the inescapable admixture of grey and white matter (partial volume effect), a limitation of present day PET technology.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The molecular basis of alpha thalassaemia in a South African population.

We have investigated the molecular basis of alpha thalassaemia in the so-called 'Cape Coloured' population of Cape Town. DNA from 17 cases was analysed by Southern blotting and hybridization with an alpha globin complementary DNA probe. Three types of alpha thalassaemia genetic determinants were detected: the 3.5 kb deletion which inactivates one alpha globin gene per chromosome (-alpha/haplotype), a much larger deletion which removes both alpha globin genes (- -/haplotype), and a non-deletion determinant which leaves both alpha globin genes intact. The interaction of these determinants with each other or with the normal chromosome (alpha alpha/) produced the phenotypes alpha thalassaemia silent carrier, alpha thalassaemia trait and Hb H disease. All cases of the -alpha/haplotype result from the rightward deletion which removes the Bgl II site between the duplicated alpha globin genes. The predominance of the -alpha/haplotype (21 out of the 28 alpha thalassaemia determinants) over the - -/haplotype is consistent with the low incidence of Hb H disease and the apparent absence of Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis in this population group.

Child↗
PubMed1983

[Operable cancers of the rectum: preoperative radiotherapy. Retrospective study of 192 cases treated at the Curie Institute].

Pre-operative irradiation in operable cancer of the rectum remains controversial. This is a report of a retrospective study about 192 patients treated between 1958 and 1980 at the Institut Curie (Paris) for a rectal cancer. An abdomino-perineal resection was done in 144 patients, 83 as a primary procedure and 61 after a pre-operative irradiation. During the same period 48 patients had an anterior resection. We put in this study the only patients who underwent curative surgery. Irradiation was given with high voltage by a four field "box technique". The tumour received 40 to 50 grays in 5 to 6 weeks. The operation was done at least 6 weeks after the end of the irradiation. There was no difference for the sex, and age of the patients, and in the size of the tumour before treatment, between the patients irradiated and those operated on as a primary procedure. There was no difference in the operative mortality as well as the 3, 5, and 10 year survival in the two groups. Pre-operative irradiation did not change the number of perineal recurrences or the number of visceral metastases. The healing of the perineum was significantly longer in the irradiated patients (p less than 0.001). The survival was closely related to the Dukes classification. The number of Dukes A patients was significantly higher (p = 0.02) after irradiation: 26/61 (43%) vs 19/83 (23%) when the patients were not irradiated. In our experience pre-operative irradiation can shrink some large tumours helping the surgical act.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Atypical osteodystrophy of visceral origin (author's transl)].

The authors report a case of atypical osteodystrophy of visceral origin (uretero-sigmoid by-pass for bladder exstrophy) which was characterized by the association of osteocondensation and looser-Milkman lines. They emphasize the rareness of osteodystrophy after uro-digestive by-pass and the exceptional character of the osteocondensation.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1981

Enzyme-bound sterols of bovine adrenocortical cytochrome P-450scc.

Bovine adrenocortical cytochrome P-450 capable of cleaving the side chain of cholesterol was purified to homogeneity by the method of Suhara et al. [Suhara, K., Gomi, T., Sato, H., Itagaki, E., Takemori, S., & Katagiri, M. (1978) Arch. Biochem Biophys. 190, 290]. The substrate-bound form of the enzyme preparation was shown to contain in addition to cholesterol (1.2-3.0 mol/mol of P-450) 0.4 mol of (22R)-22-hydroxycholesterol, 0.1 mol of (20R,22R)-20,22-dihydroxycholesterol, and a trace amount (0.005 mol) of (20S)-20-hydroxycholesterol per mol of P-450scc. This relatively large concentration of (22R)-22-hydroxycholesterol is in accord with the hypothesis that the major pathway leading to side-chain cleavage proceeds through initial hydroxylation at the 22 position. The presence of these sterols as native constituents of cytochrome P-450scc supports their role as enzyme-bound intermediates in the biosynthesis of pregnenolone from cholesterol.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1981

[Inflammatory breast carcinoma treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Results of a randomized trial studying the therapeutic role of an immunotherapy with BCG (author's transl)].

Seventy-seven patients with inflammatory breast carcinoma were included in a randomized trial between march 1977 and september 1979. All patients were treated with the same association of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy included adriamycin on day 1 (45 mg/m2), vincristine on day 2(1,2 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide on days 3, 4 and 5 (400 mg/m2/day) and 5 fluoro-uracil on days 3, 4, and 5 (500 mg/m2/day). Each course of chemotherapy was repeated every 28 days for one year. Patients were then given a maintenance course of chemotherapy for one year. Radiation therapy with CO60 was applied after 4 courses of intensive chemotherapy. The dose distributed was 70 Gy over seven weeks. During radiation therapy, chemotherapy was administered according the same scheme, but adriamycin was excluded. All the patients were randomly distributed into two groups before treatment: group I patients received chemotherapy and radiation therapy alone; group II patients received chemotherapy and radiation therapy plus living BCG vaccinations. After chemotherapy, inflammatory manifestations disappeared in 51% of cases. The mean of disease-free interval was 26 months and the overall survival mean 34 months. No difference in favor of the BCG treated group was noted. Lymph node involvement, age, hormonal status, response to tuberculin, and disappearance of inflammatory signs after 4 months of chemotherapy are of insignificant prognostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Urinary complications and sequelae of carcinoma of the cervix treatment (author's transl)].

The authors describe the sequelae and urinary complications of:--radiotherapy only in 524 patients, stage I to III treated between 1960 and 1974;--721 operations performed between 1968 and 1974, according to the protocol of treatment as used in the Fondation Curie. This reveals:--for irradiated patients, no iatrogenic damage to the upper urinary tract, whilst bladder complications were often present. No major complication was found in this group;--for operated patients, the surgical act was without harmful consequence in the 672 cases when the operation was foreseen in the initial protocol (0,6% of chief complications). On the other hand, surgery performed for persistent tumour or recurrence after exclusive radiotherapy showed 8 per cent of chief complications. In this group they analyse the factors that might influence ureterohydronephroses, especially the extent of node dissection and associated external irradiation.

Brachytherapy↗