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Biomedical subjects

J Rose

Publications and source records attributed to J Rose.

248 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic test to differentiate mild diplegic cerebral palsy and idiopathic toe-walking.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether children with mild spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) could be differentiated from those with idiopathic toe-walking (ITW) based on an obligatory coactivation during voluntary contraction of the quadriceps or gastrocnemius. Twenty-four subjects participated in this study, eight children with mild spastic diplegia CP, eight with ITW, and eight age-matched controls. Measurements included passive range of motion and surface electromyographic recordings of the lateral quadriceps and lateral gastrocnemius. Electromyographic recordings were obtained during resisted knee extension with knee flexed 30 degrees, isometric quadriceps contraction with knee extended (quad set), active plantarflexion, and during gait. The range-of-motion values were not different between the CP and ITW subjects, with the exception of the popliteal angle, which was greater in subjects with CP, with an overlap in values. Gait electromyography showed premature firing of gastrocnemius in swing in both groups of subjects compared with controls. During resisted knee extension and quad set, the mean duration of gastrocnemius coactivation in subjects with CP was high: 86% and 86% compared with 20% and 35% for the subjects with ITW and 0.4% and 3% for controls, respectively. Voluntary plantarflexion did not consistently elicit coactivation of the quadriceps. The results suggest that electromyographic testing of resisted knee extension and quad set to identify gastrocnemius coactivation can help differentiate patients with mild CP from those with ITW.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Protection against SIV infection in macaques by immunization with inactivated virus from the BK28 molecular clone, but not with BK28-derived recombinant env and gag proteins.

Vaccination of cynomolgus macaques with beta-propiolactone inactivated SIVmacBK28 in Freund's adjuvant induced low but detectable levels of anti-SIV envelope (env) antibodies and T-cell responses and protected against challenge with the 32H isolate of SIVmac251 grown in C8166 cells. In contrast, purified recombinant SIV env and gag proteins derived from BK28 formulated in Syntex adjuvant generated consistent and long-lived cellular and humoral immune responses to SIV env, but failed to protect against infection with the 32H virus. Thus, protection against a heterogeneous challenge stock is possible by immunization with a molecularly-cloned virus, but not with recombinant proteins from the same molecular origin. High levels of anti-cell antibodies induced by the whole virus vaccine, but not by recombinant proteins, may have contributed to the protection observed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CDRAP is expressed in adult articular cartilage, but its expression is not significantly regulated in osteoarthritic chondrocytes.

OBJECTIVE: In this study we assessed the differential in vivo mRNA expression levels of CDRAP, a potential marker of cartilage degeneration. METHODS: Conventional and real time PCR in a large series of normal (n = 18) and late stage osteoarthritic (n = 24) cartilage specimens were performed. RESULTS: Conventional PCR analysis could demonstrate the presence of CDRAP mRNA in normal and osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Real time quantitative PCR confirmed the presence of CDRAP mRNA expression in normal articular chondrocytes in vivo (and in vitro). No significant up-regulation of CDRAP was observed in osteoarthritic chondrocytes in vivo. CONCLUSION: The presented results confirm expression of CDRAP by normal and osteoarthritic articular chondrocytes, but indicate that increased expression levels by chondrocytes are not the cause of the increased levels of CDRAP in the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The energy expenditure index: a method to quantitate and compare walking energy expenditure for children and adolescents.

We used heart rate and walking speed to calculate an energy expenditure index (EEI), the ratio of heart rate per meter walked, for 102 normal subjects, age 6-18 years. Heart rate was measured at self-selected slow, comfortable, and fast walking speeds on the floor and on a motor-driven treadmill. At slow walking speeds (37 +/- 10 m/min) the EEI was elevated (0.71 +/- 0.32 beats/m), indicating poor economy. At comfortable speeds (70 +/- 11 m/min) the EEI values decreased to the maximum economy (0.47 +/- 0.13 beats/m). At fast speeds (101 +/- 13 m/min), the EEI increased (0.61 +/- 0.17 beats/m), indicating poor economy relative to comfortable speeds. A graph of the EEI versus walking speed provides a way to evaluate and compare energy expenditure in a clinical setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Strained relations.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Burnout, Professional↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Energy cost of walking in normal children and in those with cerebral palsy: comparison of heart rate and oxygen uptake.

The rate of oxygen uptake can be used to assess energy expenditure during walking, but the necessary instrumentation is cumbersome, expensive, and usually unavailable in the clinical setting. Heart rate is an easily measured parameter, but its use as an index of energy expenditure in children has not been validated previously. We found that the relationship between oxygen uptake and heart rate was linear throughout a wide range of walking speeds for both children with cerebral palsy and normal children. There was no significant difference between the slope or the gamma-intercept of the lines for the two groups. These findings validate the use of heart rate as an index of energy expenditure for normal children and for children with cerebral palsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subungual malignant melanoma.

An early accurate diagnosis of subungual melanoma depends upon an alert podiatric physician. Clinically, the lesion is often easily misdiagnosed and mistreated because of its resemblance to benign nail conditions. This paper discusses the incidence, histology, clinical findings, diagnosis, and treatment of this malignant lesion. An illustrative case report is presented.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Home for people with challenging behaviours.

This paper describes the first three years in the life of a group home for two men with learning disabilities and seriously challenging behaviour. After initial optimism, problems were soon encountered, resulting in high levels of staff turnover and sickness associated with an increase in the residents' challenging behaviour. A number of changes were introduced, aimed at both staff and residents, which seem to have improved staff well-being and reduced challenging behaviour. The importance of a clear structure and effective support system, combined with focused intervention for residents, is emphasised as important for success.

Adult↗