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Biomedical subjects

J Roland

Publications and source records attributed to J Roland.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Tuberous sclerosis with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis and transplantation (author's transl)].

We report on a case of tuberous sclerosis in a 36-year-old female with chronic renal failure, who was treated by hemodialysis and transplantation. The diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis was ascertained by the association of typical cutaneous retinal and osseous lesions. On the contrary, the renal localisations were unusual. Early hypertension was exacerbated in the course of 2 pregnancies but was never severe. It preceded the late onset of renal failure which progressed slowly. The kidneys were small, with a peculiar angiographic aspect: the renal tissue was not invaded by hamartomas but the whole arterial bed was diffusely modified, with a cortical perfusion defect. Both kidneys were studied after bilateral nephrectomy. The lesions were far more complex than a simple replacement of the renal tissue by angiomyolipomas: they involved the vessels, the interstitium (with lipids inclusions surrounded by a macrophagic reaction) and the glomeruli (with focal and segmental sclerosis). This observation (which is the 11th case in the literature of tuberous sclerosis with chronic renal failure and the 3rd treated by transplantation) documents a particular variety of congenital and familial nephropathy with delayed revelation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Osteogenesis imperfecta and aortic incompetence. One case with pathological findings. Review of the literature (author's transl)].

Cardiovascular manifestations of Lobstein's disease are rare, probably unrecognized, and determining factors for the final prognosis, the most frequent lesion being aortic incompetence. The eleventh case to be reported with pathological findings in the literature is described. This complication is usually found in men, blood regurgitation being large in amount, symptomatic, and progressive. Its mechanism is related less to dilatation of the aorta and its ring than to valvular changes, they being frequently bicuspid and dysplasic. Histological findings, not however pathognomonic, are myxoid degeneration in the valves and parietal cystic necrosis in the aortic wall. Apart from the absence of an aneurysm and aortic dissection, macro- and microscopic lesions are similar to those observed in Marfan's syndrome and osteogenesis imperfecta. Operative therapy was employed in all eleven cases, with three postoperative deaths and three later deaths. Certain complications arise from uncontrollable severe hemorrhage, which justifies the use of valve heterografts not requiring antivitamin K administration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Ciliated epithelium of the Fallopian tube in women. An ultrastructural study (author's transl)].

The steps in the ultrastructural changes that occur in new cilia formation in tubal epithelium have been well demonstrated in animals. In women, it is difficult to show cilia growing again and some authors deny that new growth occurs. Transmission electron microscopy studies on 32 specimens have shown that human new growth of cilia does occur. It arises in the midst of a cellular population which has as its characteristic a cytoplasm that is more clear than those of the neighbouring cells. Different ultrastructural aspects can be described. They resemble those that have been demonstrated in different animal species. On the other hand no mitoses have been shown. We will study the correlations between plasma hormone levels, the numbers of tissue receptors and the appearance of these clear cells in another article.

Cilia↗
PubMed1980

[Cranio-encephalic scanography of the premature infant. Morphogenetic aspects. Radio-anatomical comparisons].

Fifty infants born before 38 weeks of amenorrhea have been studied by computerized tomography. The authors dwell on three points: the malleability of the cranial vault, the normal appearance of the germinal layer before 32 weeks, and the persisting hypodensity of the frontal region. The evolution of the morphology of the subarachoïdian cisterns, of the ventricular system and of the parenchyma are related between 28 weeks and term.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

Verification of smoking history in patients after infarction using urinary nicotine and cotinine measurements.

Urinary concentrations of nicotine and its major metabolite cotinine were measured in volunteers whose smoking habits were known to test the reliability of the measurements as indicators of current smoking. In the non-smokers detectable concentrations were always below the confidence limits set for the method, while in smokers the concentrations were always above these limits. After subjects stopped smoking cotinine appeared in the urine for longer than nicotine and was still detectable at least 36 hours after the last cigarette had been smoked. When this method was used to verify the smoking histories given by patients attending an infarction clinic it was estimated that 46-53% of previous smokers had actually stopped smoking compared with the 63% who said that they had done so. It is suggested that simultaneous assays of urinary nicotine and cotinine may be a useful means of verifying patients' current smoking habits.

Cotinine↗
PubMed1979

[Cutaneous, subcutaneous, and lymph node cryptoccosis in a patient with sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

An Algerien patient aged 31 years with a histologically confirmed mediastinopulmonary sarcoidosis had a persistent stable miliary pulmonary x-ray image after cortisone therapy. Eighteen months after stopping the corticotherapy, he developed cryptococcosis which was mainly cutaneous, but associated with subcutaneous abscesses and peripheral adenopathy, and without lesions in the viscera or deep nodes. Cryptococcus antigens were present in the serum and there was a humoral and cellular immunity reaction towards the cryptococcus. Recovery occurred after amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Embolization and balloon occlusions in craniofacial vascular lesions: seven years' experience (author's transl)].

We review 258 cases of craniofacial vascular lesion treated by endovascular occlusion in the past 7 years in the Neuroradiology Departments of Nancy, Nantes, and Toulouse. Dural fistulas very often need both embolization and surgery. Craniofacial angiomas are not straightforward indications for therapy: the age of the patient, the unpredictability of evolution, and possible sequelae have to be taken into account; embolization is very successful in counteracting hemorrhage. Angiomatoses such as Rendu-Osler disease can respond well to repeated embolizations over several years. Lesions such as hemolymphangiomas are also excellent indications for embolization, either alone or with surgery. Occlusion by detachable balloon is ideally the most elegant method, but it is not always technically feasible, nor free from complications.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1978

[Embolization and balloon occlusions in tumoral processes: seven years' experience (author's transl)].

The authors report 169 therapeutic embolizations in cases of tumoral lesions in the craniocerebral, ENT, and vertebrospinal territories. Most endovascular occlusions performed for tumoral processes are presurgical indications, with the aim of reducing hemorrhage at operation. Embolization becomes practically mandatory for nasopharyngeal angiofibromas, considerably reducing the peroperative bleeding. Indications of embolization for meningiomas must be discussed according to the size and location of the tumors: embolization is especially useful in large tumors or those inserted on the base of the skull, mainly in the middle fossa. In chemodectomas, embolization can be used presurgically or on its own when surgery becomes impossible; angiographic follow-up shows that secondary repermeabilization is frequent in spite of clinical improvement. In malignant tumors of the craniofacial region, indications of embolization must be considered with care because failure of vascularization tends to make radiotherapy less efficient; in these cases, embolization can be useful in reducing pain or to contend with cataclysmal hemorrhages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Lumbar phlebography in the diagnosis of disc herniations.

The authors report their experience with 240 cases with lumbar phlebography in the diagnosis of lumbar disc herniations. The normal radiological anatomy and the radiological signs of disc herniations are described. Indications for phlebography are given, and the reliability of this test is compared with that of myelography performed with water-soluble agents.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[Histochemical and histoenzymatic study of experimental endarteritis in rabbits. I. Femoral endarteritis].

The parietal reaction after placing a cuff of polyethylene around the femoral artery has been studied in 18 (2,5 - 3 months old) male rabbits by using histologic, histochemical (4 macromolecular substances) and histoenzymatic techniques (16 enzymatic activities). Studies were performed on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 15th and 21st day, and every 15 days during the 3 months of the experiment. This process induced rapidly in each animal a parietal reaction with adventitial oedema (1st day), hypoxia of the media (1st -5th day), cytoenzymatic activation followed by a cellular transformation and proliferation of the intima-media, that forms a diffuse intimal thickening (adaptation). Most cells of the thickening were, by their enzymatic activities, quite comparable to immature smooth muscle cells, which probably emigrated from the media: intense LDH, NADH2 - TR; moderate G6P-DH, SDH, NADPH2 - TR, alpha-GP-DH, ATP/ase; weak ICHD, beta-HB-DH. Moreover, some reactions (accentuation of beta-Glu/ase, UDGP-DH, Glu-DH, 5'N/ase) besides suggested the active participation of the cells in the production of extracellular conjonctive constituents, because the histochemical studies revealed the presence of metachromatic glycosamino-glycanes and positive APS substances during the edification of the diffuse intimal thickening. In advanced thickening, an histoenzymatic duality was observed, that might prove the double origin of the thickening cells: some superficial cells had the enzymatic characteristics of endothelial cells (increased activity of aerobic oxydoreductases). At every stage of the study, the thickening cells differed from the atherocytes by a lack of lipids in their cytoplasm.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Histochemical and histoenzymatic study of experimental endarteritis in rabbits. II. Aortic endarteritis].

The placement of a polyethylene cuff around the abdominal aorta of 20 male rabbits 2,5 to 3 months old induce an adventitial reaction characterized by edema (7th day), fibroblastic proliferation (7th - 15th day), fibrosis and sclerosis (2nd - 3rd month), changes in the media including cytoenzymatic activation (1st - 3rd week), signs of hypoxia, degenerative and productive processes leading to intimal tickening. Histoenzymatic characteristics of the intimal thickening cells look like activities of smooth muscle cells, while the activities of some cellular areas recalled those of endothelial cells (high aerobic oxydoreductases and ATP/ase activities). This histoenzymatic duality is perhaps related to the histogenetic filiation of the intimal thickening cells. Histochemical data (metachromasia, alcianophilia, APS +) suggest that these cells are able to synthesize different elements of the extracellular matrix. All these features resemble femoral endarteritis obtained by the same process; moreover, in aorta the endarteritis evolves more slowly, the cellular proliferation is later and focused, the signs of hypoxia and necrosis and more pronounced. These differences are probably related to structural and metabolic dissimilarities of the two vessels, and to differences in their cellular reactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Lumbosacral arachnoepiduritis. Clinical and etiologic aspects].

A series of 120 cases of lumbo-sacral arachno-epiduritis was studied from the clinical and etiological points of view. The recruitment of the cases and their classification were based on purely radiological criteria. The clinical symptoms were various, non-specific and without correlation with the radiological type. The course was chronic with a change in the distribution of the symptoms. The influence of the method of examination was discussed in the 9 cases discussed after a first myelography without surgical operation. All the forms suggesting epidural lesions were post-operative and observed mainly in cases of laminectomy.

Arachnoiditis↗
PubMed1977

[Value of bone marrow biopsy in solid tumors. Apropos of 96 cases].

This study of 96 bone biopsies carried out in 84 patients with various malignant solid tumours showed 27 normal bone marrows, 21 hypoplastic marrows, 34 irritant marrows and 14 metastatic marrows. All the patients in the last group and 75% of those with signs of irritation already had other metastases. Tolerance to chemotherapy was better in the normal marrows than in the other cases. There was a significant relationship between the irritant or metastatic or metastatic aspect and the existence of peripheral leucoerythroblastosis (metastatic marrows) or increased platelets (irritant appearances). A significant difference existed during the first five months of survival between these cases with a metastatic marrow and those with an iritant marrow. Bone biopsy should, in our opinion, form part of the routine investigation of cancer patients. It may identify metasine investigation of cancer patients. It may identify metastases where radiography and bone scans have failed.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1977

Cross-reaction of a minor variant of the a1 allotypic specificity with anti-a2 antibodies.

Certain samples of hare IgG can combine with cross-linked anti-a2 antisera prepared in the a3/a3 rabbit. This cross-reaction permitted the isolation, on hare IgG immunoadsorbent, of anti-a2 cross-reacting antibodies (anti-a2(Lv) antibodies). The binding of labeled rabbit a2 IgG to insolubilized anti-a2(Lv) antibodies is inhibited by a1 IgG, demonstrating a cross-reactivity with a2. The percentage of a1 IgG cross-reacting with anti-a2 antiserum (a1(2) IgG) is about 0.5% of total a1 IgG. The a1(2) molecules represent another variant (or set of variants) of the a1 specificity. Demonstration of this variant of a1 IgG brings to seven the minimum number of described a1 variants, and its low concentration among a1 IgG (0.5%) is in favor of a larger number of variants of allotypic specificities. Arguments in favor of common ancestor genes for allotypy in lagomorphs are given.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗