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Biomedical subjects

J Robertson

Publications and source records attributed to J Robertson.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effect of pretreatment with carbimazole on early outcome following radio-iodine (131I) therapy.

Of a group of 55 thyrotoxic patients given therapeutic radio-iodine (131I), 24 were made euthyroid with carbimazole before 131I: the remainder were given 131I alone. Carbimazole was discontinued 5 days before 131I was administered. By 3 months after 131I treatment there was a greater incidence of hypothyroidism in the group given 131I alone (42% vs 25%), but a lower incidence of persistent thyrotoxicosis (16% vs 46%), (P less than 0.05). One year after treatment a similar proportion of each group had persistent thyrotoxicosis (21% vs 23%), but there remained a lower incidence of hypothyroidism in the group pretreated with carbimazole (25% vs 45%). It is suggested that pretreatment with carbimazole reduces the degree of radiation induced thyroid damage.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The suitability of diazochrome KBL film for UV dosimetry.

A promising material for use in a UV film badge dosemeter is diazo film. The optical density of this substance changes on exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The present paper reports some of the relevant factors in the processing of the film and also on its spectral sensitivity. It is evident from our results that development time and volume and concentration of ammonia solution should be standardised. However, after the film has been developed, it is not affected by subsequent UV exposure or by storage for up to one month. Although maximum sensitivity occurs at 405 nm, there is still an easily measurable response at 254 nm. It is concluded that provided procedures are standardised, Diazochrome KBL film is an inexpensive, convenient material for a UV film badge dosemeter with measurable sensitivity down to 254 nm.

Film Dosimetry↗
PubMed1984

Perceptions of rape in a British sample: effects of relationship, victim status, sex, and attitudes to women.

A study of attitudes to rape in a non-student British sample is reported. Ninety-six subjects (64 male, 32 female) were presented with a newspaper rape account in which previous relationship between victim and rapist and victim status were manipulated. Respondents were divided into females, males with traditional attitudes to the female role, and males with progressive attitudes. Relationship and status had no effect on perceptions but consistent effects were found for sex of respondent and attitudes to the female role.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Computerized measurement of the DNA content, areas, and autoradiographic grains of the same nuclei: demonstration that lightly (3H)thymidine-labeled bone marrow cells are predominantly in G0/G1 and G2.

A computerized "flying spot" microdensitometer and scanning stage have been combined to measure the cellular DNA content, nuclear areas, and autoradiographic grain areas of the same cells. The slide positions of the Feulgen-stained, (3H)thymidine-labeled cells are mapped with the computerized stage, and nuclear DNA content and areas are then determined by integral absorbance measurements at 588 nm. Following autoradiograph preparation, the cells are relocated and the areas of the autoradiographic grains over each nucleus are measured at a light wavelength (625 nm) and an optical density setting (greater than 0.10) that do not detect the Feulgen stain. The microcomputer calculates the portion of each nucleus covered with autoradiographic grains (grain area proportion, GAP), and it links the GAP value to the DNA content of each nucleus in the computer file for subsequent sorting and analysis. By using this system in a study of mouse bone marrow cells labeled in vivo with (3H)thymidine, we found that all S-phase cells were clearly labeled after 8 or more days of autoradiographic exposure. Prolonged exposures (up to 64 days) led to detection of lightly labeled cells (0.1 less than GAP less than 0.8) with G1/G0 and G2 DNA content.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Chromosome abnormality in couples with histories of multiple abortions. The outcome of pregnancies subsequent to ascertainment and a study of familial translocation carriers.

A series of couples with histories of recurrent abortions and in whom one partner had been shown to have a major chromosomal anomaly were investigated with respect to the karyotypes of conceptions subsequent to ascertainment. The reproductive histories of translocation carriers amongst relatives were also studied. Results were compatible with previous reports of the behaviour of translocation chromosomes at meiosis with an additional previously undescribed outcome as a result of a maternal 13/14 Robertsonian translocation.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1982

Selection of the nuclear gene for the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator by genetic complementation of the op1 mutation in yeast.

Oxidative phosphorylation 1 (OP1), a nuclear gene of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae which is required for the expression of a functional mitochondria, has been isolated on a recombinant plasmid. The gene was selected from a recombinant plasmid pool which contained wild type yeast genomic DNA by transformation of the yeast nuclear mutant (op1) followed by a two-stage screening procedure. A recombinant plasmid containing a 2.6 kilobase Bam HI fragment of genomic yeast DNA inserted in either orientation into the single Bam HI site of yeast vector YEp 13 could complement the op1 mutation. Analysis of the gene product of this inserted DNA by three independent methods, 1) in vivo expression in Escherichia coli maxicells, 2) cell-free translation of plasmid selected RNA, and 3) expression analysis in yeast, revealed that its gene product is a protein of Mr = 30,000-32,000, which cross-reacts with specific anti-serum to the adenine nucleotide translocator of the mitochondrial inner membrane. The selection procedure is efficient and can be used for the isolation of any defined yeast nuclear gene which participates in mitochondrial development.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1982

The San Francisco Mood Survey Project; preliminary work toward the prevention of depression.

A framework for the adaptation of social learning, cognitive-behavioral treatment approaches to prevention of depression is described. In addition, an illustrative example is given of a survey study that measured behavior and mood before and after a 2-week television miniseries based on these approaches; 3 of 14 behaviors showed a significant change. Mood level improved significantly more for an originally symptomatic group that watched the segments when compared to a similarly symptomatic group which did not watch them. Implications of the study for future work are delineated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Factors affecting the response of N,N-dimethylaminoazobenzene in the Ames microbial mutation assay.

The mutagenicity of N,N-dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB) is difficult to demonstrate in Ames' test. Usually there are specific requirements for activation by post-mitochondrial supernatant fluid (S-9) from Aroclor-treated rat livers and the pre-incubation modification of the test. Results from this laboratory suggest, however, that pre-incubation is not essential; also, that, contrary to published reports, concentrations of S-9 greater than 10% in S-9 mix do not reduce the mutagenic response. Induction of enzyme activity well above normal levels, on the other hand, is necessary, but this requirement can be substituted by the addition of norharman. If a competent S-9 mix is used, pre-incubation with or without shaking does not alter the response and supplementation with ATP or NADH similarly has no effect. It is concluded that interlaboratory differences in the ability to demonstrate DAB mutagenicity reflect differences in the level of induction of liver enzymes and, possibly, the concentration of endogenous co-factors.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1982

Isodicentric X chromosome in a moderately tall patient with gonadal dysgenesis: lack of effect of functional centromere on inactivation pattern.

An isodicentric X chromosome (46, X idic (X)(pter leads to qter::qter leads to pter)) with a single functioning centromere was found in all lymphocytes and fibroblasts examined from a female patient 171.5 cm in height presenting with primary amenorrhoea. Replication of the abnormal chromosome was consistently late. In some cells the pattern was asymmetrical but the asymmetry did not appear to relate to the position of the active centromere.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Adherence of fimbriate and non-fimbriate strains of Yersinia enterocolitica to human epithelial cells.

Strains of Yersinia enterocolitica from different O serogroups were tested for their ability to adhere to cultured epithelial cells (H.Ep 2) after growth of bacteria in broth at 22 C or 37 C. Strains that adhered to H.Ep 2 cells generally did so better after growth at 22 C than at 37 C. The data indicate that the ability to produce either of the mannose-resistant (MR) hemagglutinins, MR/Y or K1, each associated with fimbriae, does not correlate with ability to adhere to epithelial cells in this particular in vitro model.

Adhesiveness↗