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Biomedical subjects

J Rice

Publications and source records attributed to J Rice.

210 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Secular trends in lifetime onset of MDD stratified by selected sociodemographic risk factors.

We used multivariate proportional hazards (Cox) models to investigate the effects of cohort of birth on age of first onset of major depression measured independently at two occasions, about six years apart, in the first degree relatives of probands with major affective illnesses. We estimated the cohort trends in strata defined by sociodemographic and other measures, to see if the cohort trends are the same across strata. Graphical summaries of the trends reveal a generally consistent pattern of increasing rates and earlier age of onset with successive birth cohorts, across all strata examined. The relatives with a divorced parent had a somewhat delayed secular increase, suggesting either a ceiling effect or an interaction of the two risk factors (recent cohort of birth and divorced parents) such that the combined effect is less than the sum of the individual effects. Otherwise, the cohort effect is persistent and ubiquitous in this sample.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

School-aged children of depressed parents: a blind and controlled study.

This study examines the prevalence of psychiatric dysfunction in the children of parents diagnosed with affective disorders. Sixty children from 37 proband families were compared to 43 children from 26 families obtained from matched controls as well as 20 children from 13 medically ill families. Group differences in diagnosable childhood disorders and familial characteristics are investigated. Significantly more disorders and symptoms were noted in the children with psychiatrically ill parents as compared to children from matched controls and medically ill parents. Using logistic and Cox survival analyses, correlates for the risk of affective disorder, attention deficit and conduct disorder in the children were examined. Maternal depression and paternal alcoholism were related to the risk for depression in the child. The child's sex and the presence of affective disorders in the father were significantly related to the risk for attention deficit disorder. Maternal alcoholism, parental divorce and the type of subject (proband or control family) were significantly related to the risk for conduct disorder. The findings are discussed relative to results from earlier studies on rates of disorder in the offspring of depressed parents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drug-induced myocarditis: a report of two cases.

Two patients are reported with hypersensitivity myocarditis. One, a 71-year-old female, was being treated with methyldopa at the time of her death and the second, a 67-year-old female, was receiving tetracycline for a respiratory tract infection.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contribution of emotionally traumatic events and inheritance to the report of current physical health problems in 4042 Vietnam era veteran twin pairs.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the contributions of psychological trauma (exposure to combat during the Vietnam War), genetic factors, childhood experiences shared by twin siblings, and unmeasured experiences not shared by twin siblings to the reporting of current physical health problems a mean of 19 years after military service. METHODS: In 1987, a national sample of 2224 monozygotic and 1818 dizygotic male veteran members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry participated in a survey of health. Genetic modeling was performed on cross-sectional physical health and combat exposure data derived from Registry twins. RESULTS: Combat experiences explained a small proportion (0.7-8.4%) of the variance in the report of hypertension, respiratory conditions, persistent skin conditions, gastrointestinal disorders, joint disorders, and hearing problems. Childhood experiences shared by siblings are not clearly related to any health problem studied. By contrast, genetic factors explain 31 to 54% and noncombat experiences not shared by siblings explain 45 to 66% of the variance in current physical health status. CONCLUSIONS: Greater than 90% of the variance in reported current physical health problems in Vietnam era veterans is attributable to inherited factors and unmeasured environmental experiences not shared by twin siblings. The traumatic experience of combat makes only a small contribution to the report of current physical health problems. These results do not preclude the possibility that combat influenced the prevalence of illness shortly after military service or that combat may influence the development of illness in the future.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Methodological issues in linkage analyses for psychiatric disorders: secular trends, assortative mating, bilineal pedigrees. Report of the MacArthur Foundation Network I Task Force on Methodological Issues.

A Task Force was assembled to address three data problems in genetic linkage analyses: (1) a secular trend, e.g. cohort effect; (2) positive assortative mating, and (3) bilineal pedigrees. All are cited as reasons for failure to replicate genetic linkage reports. However, we knew of no work demonstrating that these factors could invalidate or bias linkage analyses, nor that they were complications (e.g., variable age of onset). The Task Force concluded that these factors can reduce the power of linkage analyses and result in bias in the estimate of the recombination frequency due to the fact that they represent 'noise' in the system. There was little evidence that the three factors would invalidate a linkage analysis or be directly responsible for negating a linkage finding.

Cohort Effect↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Continuing education in nursing: a 10-year retrospective study of CE offerings presented by the Kentucky Nurses Association.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate continuing education (CE) offerings presented by the Kentucky Nurses Association during a 10-year period. METHOD: Data were collected and analyzed from 37 CE offerings (N = 474 respondents). RESULTS: Findings revealed that the majority of the respondents reported that the CE offerings were useful, stimulated them to seek further information, and resulted in acquisition of significant knowledge or skills for nursing education or practice. However, fewer than half of the respondents reported they were able to implement changes in nursing education or practice as a result of the CE offerings. CONCLUSION: Findings supported the usefulness of CE in nursing education and practice and the need for further research evaluating CE and the correlation between CE and nursing education and practice.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Team approach to charting: medical staff join in.

At British Columbia's Prince George Regional Hospital, collaboration between the hospital's chief of medical staff and its manager of health records has resulted in more meaningful, accurate, timely and complete patient records. The hospital departed from the traditional process of deficiency flagging to physician ownership and ultimate accountability for medical charting.

British Columbia↗