Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Revuz

Publications and source records attributed to J Revuz.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Publications of French dermatology professors from 1996 to 1998].

INTRODUCTION: The number and level of the publications reflect the scientific activity of physicians. The assessment of this activity is required for nomination and for the internal promotion of University Professors--Hospital Practitioners (UP-HP). We present the results of such an assessment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The list of the individual publications of 62 UP-HP was established from research on the Medline on the PubMed website. We eliminated the journals without an Impact Factor and the articles of continued medical training. A score was obtained for each of the authors on each of their publications. This was calculated by multiplying the rank coefficient of the author by the coefficient of the type of publication (letter, clinical case or article) and by the coefficient of the journal (ranging from 1 to 4). The global score of a UP-HP was the sum of the scores per publication. The mean score of each UP-HP was assessed by dividing their global score by the number of their publications. RESULTS: One thousand thirty-one scientific publications in 3 years was divided into 502 articles, 316 clinical cases and 213 letters. The yearly number of publications per UP-HP was a mean of 5.5 (+/- 4.2) ranging from 0 to 17.3. The publications were mainly written in English (p=10(-2)). There were more articles than clinical case reports and letters (p=10(-1)). The yearly number of publications was greatest among those aged 46-55. No difference was noted in gender, function (head of a department or not) or the size of the town. The UP-HP working in a team including other UPs had written a greater number of publications (p=10(-2)). The global scores did not significantly differ between the 3 age ranges considered; conversely, the mean score decreased significantly with age (p=0.04). The UP-HP working in teams including several UPs had significantly higher global score (p=0.03). DISCUSSION: These results show the heterogeneity of the "publishing" activity. The method used in this study for the scientific assessment could be subject to improvement; its principle is indisputable, but its methods of use remain to be specified. The best "publication structure" of young UP-HP may be related to age, demonstrating a decline in scientific activity during the working life, or a cohort-effect--i.e., the progressive improvement in recruitment conditions and scientific activity over the past 20 years. The better performance of the UP-HP working in a team including several UP-HP must be interpreted with care; however, it may help to define a geographical policy of Dermatology.

Dermatology↗
PubMed2002

[Acne].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2001

Quality-of-life impairment in neurofibromatosis type 1: a cross-sectional study of 128 cases.

BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1 affects quality of life (QoL) through association with severe complications, impact on cosmetic features, and uncertainty of the effects of the disorder. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the severity and visibility of neurofibromatosis type 1 on QoL. DESIGN: Monocenter, cross-sectional study. SETTING: One French academic dermatological and neurofibromatoses clinic. PATIENTS: A total of 128 adult patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Evaluation of severity and visibility using, respectively, the Riccardi and Ablon scales. Evaluation of skin disease-specific and general QoL using, respectively, Skindex-France and SF-36 (Short Form 36 health survey) profiles controlled for sex, age, severity, and visibility. RESULTS: In a multiple regression model controlling for sex, age, and visibility, visibility remained independently associated with the alteration of 3 aspects of the skin disease-specific QoL (Skindex-France): emotions, physical symptoms, and functioning (P =.03, P =.009, and P =.002, respectively). Patients with more severe neurofibromatosis reported more effects on the following domains of their general health QoL (SF-36): physical function, bodily pain, general health perception, and vitality (P =.006, P =.03, P =.01, and P =.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Neurofibromatosis type 1 has a significant impact on QoL through alteration of health and appearance. The consequences of visibility and severity from the viewpoint of patients can be evaluated using Skindex and the SF-36, respectively.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2001

New advances in severe adverse drug reactions.

Every new drug has the potential for causing cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Usually the clinical pattern is well known and has been described in association with other drugs; new entities, however, are described frequently. This article reviews several of them.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2001

Famciclovir vs. aciclovir in immunocompetent patients with recurrent genital herpes infections: a parallel-groups, randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Twice-daily therapy with famciclovir (FCV) was shown to be effective for episodic therapy for recurrent genital herpes in a large placebo-controlled trial. However, no study has been published to date comparing FCV and aciclovir (ACV). OBJECTIVES: We have evaluated the effectiveness of FCV vs. ACV in the treatment of recurrent genital herpes infection. METHODS: A multicentre, double-blind, double-placebo, randomized, parallel-design study, assessed for equivalence, was conducted. As the analysis was based on confidence intervals, a difference of lesion healing time between ACV and FCV (Delta) of 1.05 days with a standard deviation of 2.30 days was chosen. Two hundred and four outpatients were included. Patients self-initiated oral therapy with 125 mg of FCV twice daily or ACV 200 mg five times daily for 5 days. The principal end-point of the study was the complete healing of lesions. Duration of the complete resolution of all symptoms, and safety were also considered. RESULTS: The mean healing time was 5.1 days and 5.4 days for FCV and ACV, respectively, with a crude value of Delta = 0.25 days (CI 95%: -0.32; 0.82) in the intent-to-treat population. Therefore, the confidence interval for the difference between the two treatments lies entirely within the equivalence range (-1.05-1.05). The value of Delta in the per-protocol population [0.35 day (CI 95%: -0.24; 0.93)] was comparable between the two groups. No differences were detected in the proportion of patients having complete healing at the different days of evaluation as well as in the duration until the complete resolution of all the symptoms. The frequency, nature and severity of adverse events did not differ among the two treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Twice-daily FCV was as effective and safe in the treatment of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection as five times daily ACV.

2-Aminopurine↗
PubMed2001

[Sarcoidosis: thalidomide treatment in ten patients].

BACKGROUND: Acute cutaneous sarcoidosis is generally spontaneously regressive but persistent chronic cutaneous lesions are esthetically prejudicial. There have been several case reports on thalidomide efficacy but long-term outcome is unknown. We report results in 10 cases of cutaneous sarcoidosis treated with thalidomide. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data from ten patients with sarcoidosis treated with thalidomide between January 1998 and March 1999 were collected from delivery authorizations and analyzed. All ten patients had chronic cutaneous sarcoidosis resistant to conventional therapy. Six patients had an associated visceral localization and disease duration of 2 to 18 years (median 6 years). We considered that regression was complete when erythema and infiltration had totally disappeared, that regression was incomplete when cutaneous signs remained, and that treatment had failed when no effect was observed or when the disease worsened. RESULTS: Disease regression was noted in 7 patients for a daily dose of 1.84 mg/kg for 2.8 months. Skin lesions totally regressed in 3 patients, an incompletely in 4. Treatment failed in 3 patients. Patients were treated for 10 months (2 to 21 months). The daily dose of thalidomide was gradually reduced in 5 of 7 patients for whom treatment was effective. Three of these 5 patients relapsed and thalidomide was again given and was effective again at the same dose and after the same delay. We observed improved kidney function in one patient, improvement in nasal infiltration in one other and complete regression in 3 patients who achieved long lasting reduction in angiotensin convertase level. When treatment failed, the daily dose was 1.15 mg/kg and the treatment had to be stopped for 2 patients. Side effects were minor, excepting 2 cases of neuropathy. DISCUSSION: This open study of 10 patients treated with thalidomide showed the efficacy of a 1.84 mg/kg daily dose in 7 out of 10, but complete regression of the lesions was obtained in only 3 patients. Thalidomiide appears to suspend the disease, with relapse when the drug is discontinued and efficacy at re-introduction. This would argue against a placebo effect. The mode of action could involve immunomodulating and antiinflammatory mechanisms.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Large hairy pigmented spots in neurofibromatosis type 1: an atypical form of neurofibromas].

INTRODUCTION: Large hairy pigmented spots have been observed in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. In this study we tried to determine the nature and the frequency of these hairy pigmented spots in neurofibromatosis type 1. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In patients with neurofibromatosis type 1, hairy pigmented spots with a diameter more than 3 cm were systematically notified. Realisation of the biopsy of the spot was proposed to the patient. RESULTS: Among 614 patients with neurofibromatosis type 1, seven (1.1 p. 100) had a large hairy pigmented spot. Biopsy was realized in six cases. In five cases, diagnosis was superficial and plexiform neurofibroma, the 6(th) case was a Becker's nevus. CONCLUSION: Large hairy pigmented spot is a rare aspect of superficial and plexiform neurofibroma during neurofibromatosis type 1. A biopsy may be useful if it is necessary for the disorder diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type 1: a clinicopathologic and molecular study of 17 patients.

OBJECTIVE: To identify potential prognostic factors and criteria for early detection of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). DESIGN: Retrospective study of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in a cohort of 395 patients with NF1 followed up between October 1, 1988, and January 1, 1999; review of the clinical and histological characteristics of treatment and course; and analysis of p53 mutations and overexpression in tumors. SETTING: Teaching hospital referral neurofibromatosis center for adults. PATIENTS: Seventeen patients with NF1 (9 males and 8 females). Mean +/- SD patient age at diagnosis was 32 +/- 14 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Clinical symptoms, (2) comparison of p53 mutations and overexpression in benign vs malignant tumors; and (3) median survival. RESULTS: Twelve patients had high-grade tumors. All tumors except 1 developed on preexisting nodular or plexiform neurofibromas. Pain and enlarging mass were the first and predominant signs. None of the benign tumors displayed significant p53 staining or p53 mutations. Six of 12 malignant tumors significantly overexpressed p53, and 4 of 6 harbored p53 missense mutations. Median survival was 18 months overall, 53 months in peripheral locations, and 21 months in axial locations. CONCLUSIONS: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are highly aggressive in NF1. They mostly arise from plexiform or nodular neurofibromas. Investigations and deep biopsy of painful and enlarging nodular or plexiform neurofibromas should be considered in patients with NF1. Late appearance of p53 mutations and overexpression precludes their use as predictive markers of malignant transformation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Absence of interaction between thiomersal and aluminum occlusion chambers].

BACKGROUND: Positive patch tests to thiomersal are frequent, but of little relevance. Interaction between aluminium occlusive chambers and the mercury of thiomersal may elicit skin irritation and cause false positive results. METHODS: Between January 1998 and May 1999, the patients were simultaneously patch tested with aluminium and plastic chambers. Positive skin tests were compared. RESULTS: Seventeen of 213 subjects showed positive tests: 15 with the 2 materials, 1 only for the aluminium chamber, 1 for the plastic chamber. DISCUSSION: The results did not differ for the two materials. We concluded that positive reactions observed were not caused by interaction between aluminium and thiomersal.

Aluminum↗
PubMed2000

NF1 gene analysis focused on CpG-rich exons in a cohort of 93 patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.

We studied the NF1 gene in 93 unrelated patients with neurofibromatosis type1, focusing the analysis on four exons that contain the highest number of possible mutations occurring at CpG sites. We used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to analyse exons 16, 28, 29 and 49, which contain 45 (25%) of the 183 possible mutations that could occur at the 120 CpG dinucleotides of the coding sequence. Six different mutations were identified, five of which are novel: two truncating mutations, W1810X and 5448insG, located in exon29; two splice defects leading to exon29 skipping, 5206-2A>G and 5546G>A; and one missense mutation, L844F, located in exon16. The already described R1748X mutation located in exon29 was found in two unrelated patients. The 5546G>A and R1748X mutations are located at CpG sites, whereas the W1810X involves a CpNpG site. Four novel polymorphisms, which may be helpful for family studies, were also identified. Overall, all but one mutations were found in exon29, a result which suggests that all the CpG sites of the NF1 coding sequence do not have the same mutability, and that exon29, the most CpG-rich exon, contains mutational hotspots associated with NF1.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare but life-threatening adverse drug reaction. Implicated drugs are sulfonamides, anticonvulsants, allopurinol, and pyrazolone derivatives. Recently, advances in pathogenesis have been made in two directions. It is now known that (1) most patients with TEN have an abnormal metabolism to the culprit drug; and (2) the mechanism leading to epidermal necrolysis seems to be a cell-mediated cytotoxic reaction. The treatment remains symptomatic.

Humans↗