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Biomedical subjects

J Reiss

Publications and source records attributed to J Reiss.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Polymerase chain reaction: replication errors and reliability of gene diagnosis.

The impact of replication errors on the reliability of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) data is studied theoretically. Practical applications of our results to RFLP analysis and oligonucleotide probing confirm that for practical purposes replication errors can be neglected if a large number of starting templates (e.g. 100,000) is being used. For single locus analysis in single cells, however, the probability of false diagnosis due to such errors is of the order of 1 percent.

DNA Replication↗
PubMed1989

A program for matched, anonymous oocyte donation.

The authors' program for matched, anonymous oocyte donation has resulted in two successful pregnancies among the first eight oocyte recipients. All oocyte recipients to date have had ovarian failure or absence with premature ovarian failure the most common cause. All recipients were cycled on a program of incremental oral micronized estradiol and intramuscular progesterone-in-oil. Thirteen candidates for oocyte donation were screened to obtain 8 donors. One donor candidate was excluded because of her medical history. The psychological screening of 2 of the other donor candidates (who subsequently did not complete the donation cycle) revealed a primary motive of financial gain. In general, the psychological profiles of donor candidates revealed a high incidence of troubled families and either reproductive loss or loss of a parent. Ovarian stimulation of the donors followed our standard in vitro fertilization protocol. The recipients' exogenous steroid replacement continued until days 97 and 101, respectively, of the two gestations. Both pregnancies resulted in the delivery of normal singleton males--the first at 40 weeks, the second at 35 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Application of non-radioactive methods of DNA detection in analysis of human genetic disorders.

We have applied two non-radioactive methods for detection of unique sequences in human genome: 1 polymerase chain reaction, 2 hybridization with digoxigenin-deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate labeled probes. With the polymerase chain reaction technique we were able to amplify short segments of genes coding for coagulation factors VIII and IX. Electrophoretical analysis of products of polymerase chain reaction enabled us to detect deletions causing hemophilia A or B. To analyse deletions in dystrophin gene, the most frequent cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, we have amplified several different fragments of this gene simultaneously. We have studied restriction fragment length polymorphism closely linked to the cystic fibrosis locus with digoxigenin-deoxyuridine 5 -triphosphate labeled probe p3.11 with sensitivity comparable to methods involving the use of radioisotopes.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed1987

Cloning of seven differently complementing DNA fragments with chl functions from Escherichia coli K12.

Seven genomic libraries of chromosomal Escherichia coli K12 wild-type DNA were constructed in plasmid vectors. These were used to transform chl insertion mutants. Selection for growth on nitrate under anaerobic conditions yielded four plasmids which complemented mutants of the chlA, B, E and G types. The chromosomal fragments were mapped with restriction enzymes and subcloned. Three complementation groups were observed among the chlA mutants and two among the chlE mutants. The established complementation groups plus mutants of the chlD type represent eight distinct functions, which are all believed to be required for the molybdenum cofactor activity in the reduction of nitrate to nitrite by E. coli.

Chlorates↗
PubMed1987

Grief responses of pediatric house officers to a patient's death.

Twenty-five pediatric house officers were surveyed (14 M; 11 F) to assess their behavioral and psychophysiologic responses to patient death. Vignettes about the deaths of two pediatric patients were included as part of a self-administered questionnaire. The vignettes were followed by 14 behavioral and 20 psychophysiologic responses to the deaths depicted, and physicians were asked to indicate the expected occurrence of these reactions for themselves and for an ideal physician. Reported reactions were found to be similar to grief responses experienced with the death of a loved one. Significant differences were found between the responses of female and male house officers to patient death. Additionally, differences were found between the manner in which the physicians personally responded to a patient's death in comparison to the way they considered an ideal physician would respond. Practical suggestions are given, based on these data, for inclusion of information in death education courses for physicians.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1986

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection and differentiation of Clostridium botulinum toxins type A and B.

Affinity chromatography has been used for a two-step purification of commercial horse botulinum antitoxic globulins type A and B. The first step performed using CH-Sepharose 4B conjugated to toxin type A (or B), permitted the removal of non-botulinal antibodies from antitoxic globulin type A (or B). The anti-botulinal antibodies obtained from the first step were cross-absorbed in the second affinity chromatography using CH-Sepharose 4B conjugated to toxin B (for the purification of antibodies to type A) or to toxin A (for antibodies to type B). The antibodies obtained were used to coat polystyrene wells in an ELISA for the detection of botulinum toxin type A and type B. The first purification step increases the sensitivity of such an ELISA whereas the second step improved the specificity of the test. Only slight cross-reactions were observed between the type A and type B detection systems. The sensitivity achieved with ELISA was 100 and 300 DLM (dosis lethalis minima) for type A and B respectively.

Botulinum Toxins↗
PubMed1986

Interstitial deletion of (17)(p11.2p11.2) in nine patients.

We describe a new and distinct syndrome involving an interstitial deletion of short arm of chromosome 17 in nine unrelated patients (six males; three females) ranging in age from 3 months to 65 years. In eight patients, a deletion of a portion of band 17p11.2 was associated with a striking similar phenotype including brachycephaly, midface hypoplasia, prognathism, hoarse voice, and speech delay with or without hearing loss, psychomotor and growth retardation, and behavior problems. The one patient with a complete deletion of band 17p11.2 was more severely affected with facial malformations, cleft palate, and major anomalies of cardiac, skeletal, and genitourinary systems; the patient died at age 6 months. Careful cytogenetic analysis including high-resolution techniques will be important for the further identification of patients with this previously unrecognized deletion syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

De novo partial duplication of 17p [dup(17)(p12----p11.2)]: clinical report.

Duplication of band p11.2 and a small proximal portion of band p12 of chromosome 17 was noted in an infant with unusual facial appearance and left calcaneovalgus deformity. Developmental delay was documented over time. Only one other similar case has been found in the literature, but deletion of the same region is known in nine recently described cases [Smith et al, 1986]. This suggests that abnormalities of this small region of 17p are relatively common and only recently detectable with modern high-resolution techniques.

Calcaneus↗
PubMed1986

Determination of soluble antigens of Clostridium botulinum A by chemiluminescent--immunosorbent assay (CLISA).

The chemiluminescent--immunosorbent assay (CLISA) was adopted for Cl. botulinum A soluble toxic antigens determination. Luminol (ABEI) labelled botulinum antitoxin globulins showed a strongly positive specific immunochemiluminescent reactions with the native botulinum toxin preparations coupled (adsorbed) on polystyrene balls. The sensitivity of the reaction reached 20 DLM/ml (5,000 light impulses per 40 sec) in comparison with 2 X 10(6) DLM (57,000 impulses), control preparations (1,500 impulses) and the background (150-300 impulses). The results give a perspective further investigations with the CLISA for rapid indication of Cl. botulinum toxic antigens.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1986

Blocking of antibody passive hemagglutination reaction (Bl-AbHAp) as a test for in vitro recognition of type-specific soluble antigens of Clostridium botulinum.

The blocking of hemagglutination reaction (Bl-AbHAp) was used as a new indicating version of the HAp-test applied for rapid, type-specific in vitro identification of the Cl. botulinum A, B, E and F toxic culture supernatants. The laboratory diagnostic system based on the described method and a special computation table is proposed for simple indicating set with 30 minutes results reading of the test.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Failure of plant tissues to metabolize aflatoxin B1?

After exposure of peas and wheat kernels to aflatoxin B1 solutions the following aflatoxins could not be detected in seed extracts: aflatoxins M1, B2a, Q1, aflatoxicol and tetrahydrodeoxyaflatoxin B1.

Aflatoxin B1↗