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Biomedical subjects

J Reis

Publications and source records attributed to J Reis.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Mannosidosis type II].

Four out of 7 siblings born of non-consanguineous parents have presented psychomotor retardation, macrocephaly and facial dysmorphism associated in 2 of them with thoraco-lumbar kyphosis and in one of them with recurrent pulmonary infections which had resulted in death. Chromatography of oligosaccharides displayed a characteristic mannosidosis profile. In addition, D-mannosidase activity was very low in leucocytes and fibroblasts. The father and mother showed no clinical abnormality and had no pathological urinary oligosaccharide excretion, but their leucocyte and fibroblast D-mannosidase activity was reduced. These cases give the authors an opportunity to describe the clinical and biochemical features of mannosidosis, which in its type II enables the patients to survive into adulthood, and to underline the value of D-mannosidase assays to detect subjects with this anomaly.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Medicaid maternal and child health care: prepaid plans vs. private fee-for-service.

A randomly selected sample of 98 inner-city new mothers was interviewed with regard to (a) their level of satisfaction with and perceived barriers to pediatric and maternal health care, and (b) the health status of their infants. The mothers were divided according to their Medicaid status: 39 (40%) were enrolled into a Medicaid prepaid plan (PPP) and 59 (60%) were enrolled as regular Medicaid fee-for-service (FFS) patients. Comparison of the two groups showed that infant health status was similar but that PPP mothers reported a higher incidence of untreated infant problems and perceived more barriers to pediatric care. Birth outcomes also were similar for the two groups but FFS mothers and infants were hospitalized for significantly longer periods postpartum. The implications of these findings for the delivery of maternal and child health services to low-income populations through the Medicaid program are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Care for the underinsured: who should pay?

Inner-city medically underinsured adults describe their preferences for health care and willingness to pay for health care services. The responses of 146 patients attest to the burden of administrative and economic responsibility placed on the public health care sector for indigent patient care. The results of this survey address the information required by the nurse managers who must balance patient needs against administrative pressures to generate revenue from patient fees.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1989

A comparison of young teenage, older teenage, and adult mothers on determinants of parenting.

A nonrandom socioeconomically homogeneous convenience sample of 150 young adolescent mothers, 260 older adolescent mothers, and 242 older mothers was analyzed according to their standing on key determinants of parenting. The results of a discriminant analysis showed that the young teen mothers differed from the older mothers in terms of knowledge of child development, punitive attitudes toward childrearing, and level of depression. Accuracy of classification was improved with the discriminant function for younger and older mothers, but decreased by 20% for older adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

School administrators, parents, and sex education: a resolvable paradox?

The emergence of AIDS as an untreatable, lethal disease, responding to educational prevention strategies in high-risk populations, has brought the issues of sex education in the public schools to the forefront. However, administrators, teachers, and parents perceive different barriers to sex education implementation. This study, undertaken in a northeastern, multigenerational, ethnic city, characterized by adolescent pregnancy rates a third higher than the state overall, polled 42 junior and senior high school administrators regarding educational priorities, perceived barriers to expansion of sex education, and preferred methods of introducing sex education. Administrators perceive parents as a major barrier to the introduction of more formalized sex education in their schools. Paradoxically, these same administrators felt that parents were generally uncomfortable in talking to their children about human sexuality. Recommendations are offered from existing models of health education for resolution of administrators' conflicting views on parental roles.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

A factorial analysis of a compound measure of social support.

A confirmatory factor analysis of an internally consistent compound measure of social support is presented for a volunteer sample of 740 low-income, predominantly single, young mothers. Five factors with eigen values greater than one emerged and accounted for 55% of the variance. The convergent validity of the empirically identified factors of estrangement, confidant, short-term help, support/encouragement, and crisis intervention was explored through intercorrelations with five variables theoretically related to family and child well being. Level of depressive symptomology correlated most significantly and consistently with low levels of social support. The results of the analysis are discussed in light of previous psychometric analyses of comparable measure of social support and what is known of the coping response of young mothers to stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The religious community as a partner in health care.

In-depth structured interviews were conducted with spokespeople for 176 inner-city churches regarding perceptions of existing community problems, number of currently offered church-based social and health programs, and potential interest in church sponsorship of new maternal and child health programs. The sample of respondents represented 78% of the 227 churches located in a low-income, primarily black urban area with 150,000 residents. The typical church participating in the survey was Baptist with a congregation of 100 to 500 people, most of whom were not community residents. The leading community problems identified by the clergy were, in descending order: lack of jobs, teenage pregnancy, gang crime, school drop-outs, and hunger. The perception of community problems matched the church services offered as measured by the number of food and clothing pantries. Few churches had ongoing programs for neighborhood youths. Although many of these same churches expressed interest in expanding services for mothers, adolescents and children, few perceived themselves as having the necessary staff, funds, or technical expertise to conduct such programs.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1988

Venous skin flaps: an experimental study and report of two clinical distal island flaps.

An experimental study of saphenous flaps in 26 dogs is reported, which confirmed the work of Baek et al. (1985) that venous flaps can survive. In addition, it showed that venous island flaps could survive after division of the venous pedicle proximally or distally, or as free flaps, providing through flow was re-established by venous anastomoses. In this study no flaps survived on a single venous pedicle without through flow. Two successful clinical cases of venous flaps are also reported, in which through flow was re-established by a simple venous anastomosis. One of these flaps threatened to become necrotic until the thrombosed anastomosis was successfully redone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Correlates of depression according to maternal age.

A convenience sample of 654 low-income, primarily single, head-of-household mothers participated in a study of the correlates of maternal depression as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression (CES-D). Across three age groupings, the CES-D was positively correlated with punitive attitudes toward childrearing, inaccurate knowledge of child development, and insufficient social support. Social support was the best predictor of depression from a set of seven potential sociodemographic and psychological predictors. Objective measures of parenting behavior obtained with the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment were not associated with depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A distally based median plantar flap.

The first metatarsophalangeal joint area is a very difficult one to reconstruct, needing skin that is thick, sensitive, and resistant to friction. Although the medial plantar island flap was initially described to resurface heel defects, we have used this flap as a cross-foot flap to recover the first metatarsophalangeal joint area. Its use has always required a second surgical procedure. To overcome this inconvenience, we describe the use of a flap based on the principle of reversing the direction of blood flow in a distal vascular pedicle to restore a defect of the anteromedial aspect of the foot. Good functional and aesthetic results were obtained.

Child↗
PubMed1988

A survey of referral activities of agencies serving adolescents.

The referral activities of 373 agencies (38.4% of the sample originally polled) are presented with regard to health care, educational, and social services for teenagers residing in a midwestern metropolitan area. Approximately 66% of the responding agencies receive referrals from without and 87% make referrals to other organizations, with counseling and psychiatry, family planning, and general medical care being the most commonly sought services. Social service agencies had the highest volume of referrals and hospitals the lowest. The results of the survey are discussed in terms of the official recommendations made for coordinated services for teenagers, predicted cutbacks in preventive services, and the special needs of adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Teenage pregnancy and parenthood in Illinois. Estimated 1979-1983 costs.

This study presents an estimation of the 1979-1983 public and private costs of teenage pregnancy and teenage parenthood in the State of Illinois. Data from public records, national and local surveys, and knowledgeable professionals were obtained to delineate 68 key events associated with teenage sexuality, teenage births, newborn care, children's medical care, support to families headed by teenagers, and the cost of these events. Estimates of the total cost of services consumed were apportioned according to corporate, state, federal, municipal, and private individuals as sources of revenue. As of 1983, Illinois businesses and citizens paid $848 million for services rendered to the five-year cohort of 94,000 teenage mothers and their 137,483 children. This sum divides between $152 million annually for business and $696 annually for individuals. Each Illinois household paid an average of $84 out of pocket, $81 dollars in higher state and federal taxes, and $37 dollars in higher prices due to business pass-through, for a total of $202 per year per household.

Adolescent↗