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Biomedical subjects

J Reid

Publications and source records attributed to J Reid.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Design of potent and specific inhibitors of carboxypeptidases A and B.

The combination in one molecule of functional groups that can interact specifically with different substrate binding areas at the active site of carboxypeptidases A and B has led to the development of potent and specific inhibitors of these enzymes. 2-Benzyl-3-mercaptopropanoic acid (SQ 14,603) has a Ki of 1.1 x 10(-8) M vs. carboxypeptidase A and a Ki of 1.6 x 10(-4) M vs. the B enzyme. 2-Mercaptomethyl-5-guanidinopentanoic acid (SQ 24,798) has a Ki of 4 x 10(-10) M vs. carboxypeptidase B and a Ki of 1.2 x 10(-5) M vs. carboxypeptidase A. It is proposed that the sulfhydryl groups of these inhibitors bind to the catalytically important zinc ions of these enzymes, and that, in conjunction with the benzyl and guanidinopropyl side chains, they are responsible for their specificity.

3-Mercaptopropionic Acid↗
PubMed1979

Attitudes towards family planning among the women of a Northern Australian Aboriginal community.

The results of a survey of the attitudes of 92 women from an Aboriginal community towards childbearing and family planning are presented. The majority of the women stated a preference for well-spaced families of a size which enabled a mother to care adequately for her children. The respondents were almost unanimously in favour of the use, when desired, of Western contraceptive methods. One of the authors (JR) suggests that these attitudes reflect traditional norms of family structure, and that they are also based on a critical appraisal by the women of the community of the demands of caring for young children. These demands are exacerbated by a depressed socioeconomic environment.

Anthropology, Cultural↗
PubMed1979

Cultural factors affecting the use of family planning services in an Aboriginal community.

The attitudes of the women of an Aboriginal community towards family size, spacing, and planning are briefly reviewed. It is shown that the felt need of the women for a means of control of reproduction and their approval of contraception is not matched by the use of the available family planning services. It is suggested that this gap between attitudes and use is due to the lack of practical recognition by the providers of these services of the indigenous conventions which surround the discussion and management of menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, and contraception. Several ways in which family planning services could be made more acceptable culturally to both women and men of Aboriginal communities are proposed.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1979

A time to live, a time to grieve: patterns and processes of mourning among the Yolngu of Australia.

Anthropological studies of mortuary ceremonies have focused primarily on their social and structural correlates and functions. Little attention has been given to their role in facilitating the expression and resolution of grief by the bereaved. The elaborate and extended mortuary rites of the people of northeastern Arnhem Land, Australia (the "Murngin") have several characteristics which promote and structure the mourning process and facilitate the full reintegration of the bereaved into the social life of the community.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

Volume and pH of gastric contents following anticholinergic premedication.

The effects of anticholinergic premedication with 1.0 mg atropine, 0.5 mg hyoscine and 0.2 mg glycopyrronium on volume and pH of gastric contents were studied and compared with a group receiving no anticholinergic premedication. The antisialogogue effects were also compared. Though the groups receiving atropine and glycopyrronium had the lowest mean aspirated volume and the highest mean pH respectively there was no essential difference between the various groups receiving anticholinergic premedication. However, the pH values were above 2.5 in the majority of these patients in comparison with the control group. The antisialogogue effects of the three anticholinergic drugs were similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hazards of hepatic artery infusion of streptozocin.

Three patients with metastatic malignancy received streptozocin by hepatic artery infusion through a percutaneous transfemoral catheter. Two patients developed major arterial thrombosis, from which one died. The other suffered renal damage following displacement of the catheter tip. Possible avoidable risk factors are identified.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1978

The dangers of surgery: an Aboriginal view.

The prospect of surgery occasions great anxiety among the people of Aboriginal communities in northern Australia. Several of the fears are similar to those of patients of other cultures. Others are intimately linked to traditional beliefs about healing, and attitudes towards the body, the shedding of blood and the activities of malevolent human beings or sorcerers. Successful rapprochement between medical staff members, the patient in need of surgery, and the members of his family depends on sensitivity to these fears, detailed consultation with all concerned, and the involvement of Aboriginal community members, particularly local Aboriginal health workers.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Nondepressant beta-adrenergic blocking agents. 1. Substituted 3-amino-1-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthoxy)-2-propanols.

A series of 3-amino-1-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthoxy)-2-propanols was synthesized and investigated for beta-adrenergic blocking activity and direct myocardial depressant action. The cis- and trans-diols 12--15 were found to retain the beta-blocking potency of propranolol but to lack its myocardial depressant action. Compound 15 (nadolol) is currently undergoing extensive clinical evaluation as a potential antianginal, antiarrhythmic, and antihypertensive agent.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1977

Helen Cousland.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1977

Nutrition and responses to zero gravity.

Prior to the Mercury program, extensive efforts were undertaken to find ways of minimizing the mass of in-flight food systems. Such efforts were directed to the use of dehydrated, energy-dense foodstuffs and to the possibilities of nutrient recyclization. As the space program became a reality, nutritional scientists were more concerned with the mechanics of food consumption in weightless flight and with the problems of structuring convention foods in a way that would facilitate their use in weightlessness. It soon became clear that there was no substantial impediment to normal gastrointestinal function in flight, and attention was shifted to more subtle metabolic phenomenons. It became apparent that slight changes occurred in skeletal density, muscle mass, and overall body composition. Recognition of these changes led to extensive ground-based simulation studies and carefully designed in-flight experiments. Data are presented on the requirements for metabolic energy in flight and on the losses that have been observed in the major elemental constituents of the body. It is concluded that convincing evidence is not yet avialable on the ability of man to adapt to long-term weightless flight. Although his nutritional requirements are qualitatively similar during flight, the sophisticated manipulation of nutrient profiles shows promise of counteracting some of the deteriorative processes that are known to occur.

Aerospace Medicine↗