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Biomedical subjects

J Reboul

Publications and source records attributed to J Reboul.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Peroperative use of Cell Saver in elective surgery on the abdominal aorta].

In order to determine the impact of intraoperative autotransfusion on vascular surgical care, data related to 200 abdominal aortic surgical operations performed over a 20 months period were prospectively analysed. Volumes of blood salvaged and transfused during and after each operation were considered. One hundred and twenty one patients had an intraoperative autologous transfusion at a mean volume of 616 +/- 410 ml. Among them, 36 patients (43%) had only their own autotransfused blood and no other homologous blood components were required. Rapid autotransfusion was associated neither with significant haemolysis, nor with coagulopathy. Neither mortality nor morbidity was related to intraoperative autotransfusion. These data suggest that intraoperative autotransfusion is a safe replacement method in major vascular surgery. The procedure should be used in conjunction with preoperative donations when feasible.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Intrathecal synthesis of beta 2-microglobulin and lysozyme: differential markers of nervous system involvement in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

beta 2-Microglobulin and lysozyme were determined in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples from 137 patients, using immunofluorometry and ELISA, respectively. Of these patients, 54 were infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1) (including 20 AIDS dementia patients), 73 were HIV1-seronegative with neurological diseases (meningitis (n = 10), multiple sclerosis (n = 29), other neurological diseases (n = 34)) and 10 were controls. Intrathecal synthesis of beta 2-microglobulin occurred in each group. Conversely, lysozyme intrathecal synthesis was found only in meningitis (10/10) and in HIV1-infection (24/54). A pathological increase in beta 2-microglobulin intrathecal synthesis (> or = 2 mg/l) was observed in 45 patients (34 HIV1-infected patients and 11 HIV1-seronegative patients with neurological diseases). Serum concentration and intrathecal synthesis of beta 2-microglobulin were correlated only in the 20 AIDS dementia patients. The cerebrospinal fluid beta 2-microglobulin and lysozyme concentrations were correlated in the 54 HIV1-infected patients only. Blood CD4 + T-cell count was correlated negatively with beta 2-microglobulin intrathecal synthesis but not with lysozyme intrathecal synthesis. These data suggest that in the absence of any central nervous system opportunistic process the increase of beta 2-microglobulin intrathecal synthesis (> or = 2 mg/l) may be a reliable marker of central nervous system involvement in HIV1-infected patients. Intrathecal synthesis of lysozyme was related principally to HIV1-encephalitis and central nervous system opportunistic processes.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1992

Intrathecal synthesis of proteins: from immunoglobulins to prealbumin.

The assessment of proteins intrathecal synthesis (ITS) is an essential step in the CSF analysis. It can be established qualitatively by different ratios and quantitatively by empirical formulae. Schuller and Sagar's formula was proposed 10 years ago for the calculation of IgG ITS. From this calculation, the antibody specific activity of intrathecal immunoglobulins may be also evaluated. The same principle may be used for complement components and for different other CSF proteins. Two examples (concerning Fibronectin and prealbumin ITS) demonstrate the usefulness of this approach, which can be programmed by a computer.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Descending thoracic aorta as an inflow source for late occlusive failures following aortoiliac reconstruction.

From November 1984 to March 1990, 10 descending thoracic aorta-to-femoral artery bypass procedures were performed after failure of one or several aortoiliofemoral reconstructions. All patients were men, mean age 60 years. Indications included noninfected false aneurysm of an infrarenal end-to-side aortoprosthetic anastomosis in one case; one occlusion of an axillofemoral bypass; degradation of an aortobifemoral prosthetic graft; two occlusions of aortofemoral bypass; and five occlusions of aortobiliac or aortobifemoral bypasses. Eight bifurcated grafts, one aortoprosthetic tube graft, and one aortopopliteal tube graft were inserted. One patient died 23 days postoperatively of multiple organ failure. Three patients underwent a successful seconary lower limb reconstruction procedure (prosthetic limb thrombectomy, embolectomy, femoral bifurcation angioplasty in one case each). Mean survival time was 14 months (range 3-48 months). Two patients were lost to follow-up, and one died of myocardial infarction six months postoperatively with a patent bypass. Graft thrombosis occurred in two patients. One was treated by thrombectomy at five months, the other was treated by in-situ thrombolysis at 15 months. Both of these patients had patent grafts at 12 and 21 months, respectively. The four other patients had patent grafts at 48 months. Primary patency was 55.5% (5/9 survivors) and secondary patency was 100% (9/9). This is a relatively simple method for constructing an extraanatomic aortofemoral or aortobifemoral bypass in late failures of aortoiliofemoral reconstructive surgery without having to re-enter the abdomen.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[The sterile woman, the physician and time. Number of spontaneous pregnancies in patients with functional sterility].

We analysed a one to eight year follow-up of the women remaining infertile after a double-blind study of cyclofenil versus placebo to determine the frequency of pregnancy occurring independently of treatment. Pregnancy occurred in 64 women, 25 during treatment, 39 without treatment. We evaluated the effect of age, cause and duration of infertility on the pregnancy rate. The cumulative pregnancy rates at 36 months after the beginning of the study was 92 per cent for anovulatory cycles, 55 per cent for luteal insufficiency, 69 per cent for cervical mucus insufficiency and 49 per cent for idiopathic infertility. Of the 213 women entering the study, pregnancy occurred in 111 women, 47 in 3 cycles by a placebo effect, 39 without any treatment and 25 during a cycle with treatment. We conclude that the rate of treatment-independent pregnancy is high among infertile couples and that the two main therapeutic factors are time and the doctor-patient relationship.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Sterility from hormonal causes and unexplained sterility. Treatment with cyclofenil. Double-blind controlled study].

We treated 213 women during 3 cycles by cyclofenil versus placebo in a double-blind study. These women had infertility caused by ovulatory deficiencies, a cervical factor or idiopathic infertility. Twenty-six of the 114 women receiving cyclofenil became pregnant and 21 of the 99 receiving the placebo. The cumulative pregnancy rates were identical in the 2 groups: 22 per cent in 3 cycles. The authors insist on the importance of a good doctor-patient relationship and the role of the placebo effect in any treatment of infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Immunoglobulins and complement components in 37 patients infected by HIV-1 virus: comparison of general (systemic) and intrathecal immunity.

Intrathecal (IT) immunity was assessed by simultaneous analysis of paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sera of 37 patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). Only 8 of these 37 patients had no neurological or neuropsychiatric symptoms. There were 3 prominent abnormalities observed: (1) IT IgA production occurred in 15 patients, IT IgM production in 14 patients, and IT IgG production in 34 patients. (2) IT Anti-HIV-1 antibody specific activity (ASA) was higher than in serum in 33 of the 37 patients indicating that IT synthesis of antibody specific for HIV-1 occurs even in asymptomatic patients; IT anti-HIV-1 antibody synthesis was not correlated with clinical severity or neurological involvement. IT anti-herpes simplex ASA was also higher than serum ASA in 6 patients indicating a possible associated herpes simplex virus infection. (3) IT production of the complement component C4 was found frequently and was highly correlated with increased serum C4. IT C3 levels were decreased in 21 of 37 patients indicating that complement activation is a frequent accompaniment of the IT immune response in HIV-1-positive patients. These results indicate a unique and localized IT immune response which is different from the pattern observed in the systemic immune compartment in HIV-1-seropositive individuals and from the pattern common to the other CNS infectious diseases.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Specific RNase isoenzymes in the human central nervous system.

After inactivation of RNase inhibitor by parachloromercuribenzoate, total alkaline RNase activity was found to be two fold higher in white matter as in grey matter extracts from human brain tissue. This activity was lower in human purified myelin. Two human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) RNase isoenzymes of group 3 (a minor one, RNase 3.1, and a major one, RNase 3.2) were found to be present in human grey and white matter extracts and in purified myelin, but absent in human serum, peripheral nerve, liver, and spleen extracts. A RNase isoenzyme similar to central nervous system (CNS) RNase 3.2 was present in human kidney extracts but it differed in its carbohydrate structure. RNase isoenzymes 3.1 and 3.2 were not found in mouse, rat, and bovine brains. Thus, RNases 3.1 and 3.2 seem specific to human CNS. RNases of group 3 are the predominant RNase isoenzymes in CSF and one of the two predominant RNase groups in brain tissue. However, the proportion of RNases of group 3 is different in CSF and in brain extracts: RNases 3.1-3.2 are the major constituents of group 3 RNases in brain tissue, while another RNase isoenzyme of group 3, RNase 3.0, which is more glycosylated than RNases 3.1-3.2, is only a minor part of RNase of group 3 in brain extracts. Conversely, RNases 3.1-3.2 are lower or equivalent to RNase 3.0 in control CSF since the ratio of RNases 3.1-3.2 to RNase 3.0 did not exceed 1.0. This ratio decreased in pathological CSF including multiple sclerosis or infectious CNS diseases that were free of transudation phenomena. In conclusion, CSF RNases 3.1-3.2 seem to originate in brain tissue and could be markers of RNA catabolism from brain cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Immunological studies in human ageing. II. Associated increase in anti-RNA and anti-DNA antibodies.

Antibodies against nucleic acids have been studied by counter-immunoelectrophoresis in 95 aged subjects. Increased levels of anti-DNA and/or anti-RNA antibodies were found in 74% of the cases, and immune complexes were detected in 21% of the cases. The increase of anti-DNA antibodies was correlated with that of rheumatoid factor and increased serum IgG levels, whereas the increase of anti-RNA antibodies was associated with decreased serum IgM level and decreased lymphocyte response to PHA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Determination of RNA antibodies in serum and unconcentrated CSF by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.

A quantitative counterimmunoelectrophoresis technique has been applied to evaluation of RNA antibodies in serum and unconcentrated CSF. Serum anti-RNA antibodies have been found at high dilutions in some patients with infectious diseases, subacute panencephalitis and multiple sclerosis. RNA antibodies in CSF are significantly linked to oligoclonal aspect, i.e. to a synthesis of IgG inside the CNS.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1976

Determination of DNA antibodies in normal and pathological sera by a new counterimmunoelectrophoresis method.

A quantitative counter-immunoelectrophoresis technique has been applied to the evaluation of antibodies against native and single-stranded DNA. Anti-DNA antibodies have been found at high dilutions in patients with systematic lupus erythematosus, without correlation with the existence of renal lesions or with the degree of DNA binding assessed by Farr assay. Significant precipitates were also observed at significantly lower dilutions in other pathological situations and in normal subjects, posing the problem of the nature of the precipitates in these cases.

Antibodies↗