Biomedical subjects

J Rea

Publications and source records attributed to J Rea.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1983

Effects of dietary corticosterone on peripheral blood lymphocyte and granulocyte populations in immature domestic fowl.

Four-week-old chickens were fed on diets containing 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg corticosterone per kg for eight days. Packed cell volume (PCV), the numbers of granulocytes (G) and lymphocytes (L), the G:L ratio and plasma corticosterone concentration were measured. Plasma corticosterone concentration was increased by dietary corticosterone from day 2 onwards. The number of lymphocytes was increased by serial bleeding but dietary corticosterone depressed the response and caused a dose-related lymphocytopenia from day 1. There was a dose related increase in granulocytes from day 4 and a dose-related increase in G:L ratio from day 1. A dose-related increase in PCV was evident only on days 2 and 4. Correlation coefficients showed little evidence of relationships between plasma corticosterone concentrations and the recorded blood variables.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed1981

Thyroid function in relation to trimethylamine oxidation in immature domestic fowl fed on rapeseed meal.

1. Two groups of 12-week-old female chicks were selected for their ability to oxidise 14C-trimethylamine (TMA) after being fed on a diet containing 100 g high-glucosinolate rapeseed meal (RSM)/kg for 14 d. A third group (control) was fed on a rapeseed-free diet. Measurements of thyroid activity and hepatic TMA activity were made after a further week on the diets. 2. After feeding RSM, hepatic TMA oxidase oxidase was very low (P less than 0.001) in one group (sensitive) but was unaffected in the other group (resistant). Thyroid size was increased in both groups receiving RSM but was larger (P less than 0.001) in sensitive birds. 3. Plasma half life of thyroxine (T4) and its metabolite clearance rate were not affected by feeding RSM; thyroidal secretion was reduced (P less than 0.05) to the same extent in both groups. 4. Plasma concentration of triiodothyronine was decreased in both groups after feeding RSM (P less than 0.05); plasma T4 concentration was increased (P less than 0.05) only in sensitive birds. 5. The results indicate that the short-term depression of TMA oxidation in birds sensitive to RSM is not mediated by the thyroid.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed1981

Estimation of thyroidal radioiodide clearance in the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus).

A method for estimating thyroidal clearance of radioiodide from the blood plasma of the domestic fowl is described. It differed from published methods in a number of ways. (1) It utilized total thyroid radioiodide concentration (IT) and did not require the use of goitrogens or the separation of free and protein-bound components. (2) Radioiodide was injected intravenously rather than by other routes. (3) Plasma radioiodide concentration (IB) was determined from several serial samples from each bird rather than once only. (4) The method allowed the clearance constant (kappa; microliter/min per mg) to be estimated for individual birds, rather than from groups, thereby enabling effective replication for comparative experiments. The constant was estimated from the model dIT/dt = kappaIB, measurements being made within 120 min after injection to ensure that exit of radioiodide from the thyroid was negligible. The improved method resulted in estimates of clearance constants which agreed well with published findings.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Penetrating injuries to the iliac arteries.

Despite advances in the management of traumatic truncal and peripheral vascular injuries, penetrating trauma to the iliac arteries carries a high mortality. Among more than 600 patients with arterial trauma seen at the Ben Taub General Hospital between January 1958 and December 1977, eighty-three had penetrating injury to the iliac arteries. Thirty-two patients (39 per cent) died within thirty days of injury, none of these dying within 48 hours of injury. Injuries were managed by resection and end-to-end anastomosis (36 per cent), lateral arteriorrhaphy (27 per cent), ligation (20 per cent), and prosthetic interposition (10 per cent). Three perigraft infections occurred with ultimate removal of the graft and ligation of the common iliac artery. Among patients with penetrating injuries who arrive alive at a hospital, iliac artery wounds result in massive intraperitoneal blood loss, in contrast to aortic injuries which frequently have a protective tamponade for a period of time. Delay in surgery, irreversible shock, dilutional bleeding diathesis, and respiratory insufficiency result in a high mortality. A high index of suspicion and prompt aggressive surgery are necessary to improve changes of survival of patients with this highly lethal injury.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Who holds the baby in the neonatal unit?

This article explores the role of non-nurses within the neonatal unit (NNU). Nursery nurses and health-care support workers (HCSW) or auxiliaries may be employed in the NNU and the term 'non-nurse' is used to describe them all. To satisfy professional curiosity a small survey of NNUs in England was undertaken to identify the role of non-nurses in caring for babies in the NNU. The results demonstrate that not all NNUs have delineated separate roles for nurses and non-nurses. The ENB and the UKCC have responsibilities in the shaping of the nursing profession and the creation of specialist and advanced nursing practitioners and HCSWs are fashioning the process. This article will address some of these issues within the NNU and the wider sphere of nursing and midwifery.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Study notes.

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Attitude of Health Personnel↗