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Biomedical subjects

J R Sullivan

Publications and source records attributed to J R Sullivan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Visualization of metastases from colon carcinoma using an iodine 131-radiolabeled monoclonal antibody.

A murine monoclonal antibody that reacts with human colonic cancer (250-30.6) was labeled with radioactive iodine (131I) and the antibody was injected intravenously into 15 patients with known metastases originating from carcinoma of the colon (10 cases), malignant melanoma (1), breast (1), pancreas (1), hepatocellular carcinoma (1), and adenocarcinoma of unknown origin (1). Of the patients with metastatic colon carcinoma, there were 19 known deposits as judged by the techniques of clinical examination, x-rays, and scans obtained using sulpha-colloid. Of these 19 deposits, 17 (90%) were found using the 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody. In one case, the primary tumor, previously undiagnosed, was found. In only 1 of the 10 patients was tumor not found and this was due to the subsequent finding that the undifferentiated tumor did not react with antibody. Of the five patients who did not have carcinoma of the colon, three had negative scans, but two were positive. Thus, the technique of immunoscintography can readily detect both primary and metastatic tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Mycotic aneurysm of the small bowel presenting as gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

Since the advent of modern antibiotic therapy and active surgical treatment of bacterial endocarditis, septic embolization of the systemic circulation is rarely seen. An unusual presentation of a mycotic aneurysm with gastrointestinal haemorrhage in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and aortic valvular endocarditis which had been managed by aortic valve replacement six weeks before the haemorrhage occurred is reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Leukemic cell differentiation in vivo and in vitro: arrest of proliferation parallels the differentiation induced by the antileukemic drug Harringtonine.

A variety of chemical agents have been shown to induce differentiation in in vitro cultured neoplastic cell lines. We noted that blast cells in the peripheral blood of acute nonlymphoid leukemia patients treated with the drug Harringtonine appeared to undergo morphological changes that suggested differentiation. In view of the relatively minimal myelotoxicity of Harringtonine, we hypothesized that harringtonine was acting by differentiation-induction, which concomitantly arrested cell division. We tested this hypothesis using two different experimental approaches. First, the promyelocytic leukemic cell line, HL-60, was cultured with Harringtonine and shown to differentiate into a cell, which, by functional cell surface marker and morphological criteria, closely resembled normal monocytes. Furthermore, these changes were accompanied, and indeed slightly preceded by, loss of proliferative capacity. Second, to prove that the leukemic blasts were the cells undergoing the changes observed in vivo, freshly isolated leukemia cell populations were cultured with Harringtonine, and morphological changes paralleling those seen in the patients were observed. Thus, the antileukemic effect of Harringtonine appeared to be due to diversion of the proliferating blast cells into a differentiation pathway, which, as in normal myeloid cells, resulted in the arrest of proliferation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of advanced bladder cancer using cis-platinum.

Cis-platinum (120 mg/m2) was given to 14 patients with locally inoperable or metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Five patients (35%) showed a response, two complete (14%), and three partial (21%). Nine patients (65%) had no response. The median duration of survival was 3.5 months for non-responders; 6.5 months for partial responders; and 25 months for complete responders. The side effects and implications of treatment using this agent are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Tumour visualisation using a radiolabelled monoclonal antibody.

A radiolabelled monoclonal antibody was injected intravenously into two patients with disseminated carcinoma of the colon and serial scintigrams were then obtained on three consecutive days. In addition to the "specific" antibody image, blood pool and conventional liver scans were also obtained. After computer-based subtraction discrete hepatic metastases could be demonstrated in both patients, while in the second patient, the primary colonic tumour was also visualised for the first time. The study demonstrates the specific localisation of primary and secondary carcinoma of the colon with a radiolabelled monoclonal anti-tumour antibody and offers an improved method of specifically detecting tumours in man.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Polycythemia vera and glomerulonephritis.

Six patients with polycythemia vera and proteinuria are described. Three patients had histologically defined glomerulonephritis. It is proposed that there is an association between polycythemia vera and the development of glomerulonephritis. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Three cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy have occurred in one hospital in a 3-year period. The 3 patients had been receiving chemotherapy for chronic myeloid leukaemia, lymphocytic lymphoma and acute myeloid leukaemia respectively, and developed progressive neurological illnesses which resulted in their deaths. The routine neurological investigations were unhelpful and although the diagnosis was suspected in 2 cases, treatment was not given. It is felt that the disease is not as rare as originally believed and that brain biopsy should be more readily considered since progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is potentially treatable.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1980

Adult non-endemic Burkitt's lymphoma. An Australian case report.

This report describes the occurence in Australia of non-endemic Burkitt's lymphoma in a 43-yr-old European migrant. The patient presented with cervical lymphadenopathy and massive bone marrow involvement, and died 6 mth later with intracranial spread of the tumour. The pathological features, course and treatment of the disease are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ciramadol. A new analgesic.

Ciramadol (WY 15705), a new analgesic and narcotic antagonist was studied on oral-dose form in 16 patients (15 of whom were suffering from malignant disease) to evaluate the analgesic dose and toxicity. Patients with mild or moderate pain experienced effective relief with doses of from 20 mg to 60 mg (mean dose, 47 mg). In patients with moderate to severe pain, effective pain control was not achieved (mean dose, 82 mg). There was no consistent effect on blood pressure level, heart rate, or respiratory rate. Mild or moderate sedation occurred in eight patients. Nausea and vomiting occurred in two patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Two cases of carcinoma of the lung characterized by a bone marrow agar culture pattern resembling acute myeloid leukemia.

In vitro agar culture patterns of bone marrow cells in acute myeloid leukemia may show several growth patterns, including cultures where no colonies or clusters develop, cultures with varying numbers of clusters and no colonies, or colony and cluster formation with an extremely high ratio of clusters to colonies. Twelve cases of carcinoma of the lung are described, of which two show an in vitro growth pattern of cluster formation alone, characteristic of that seen in acute myeloid leukemia. The remaining ten patients showed slightly reduced colony numbers compared to normal.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1979

Toxic rash associated with high dose methotrexate therapy.

Fifteen rashes were observed in thirteen patients in association with high dose methotrexate therapy. The lack of recurrence of the rash with further treatment courses and the association of the rash with other toxic manifestations and with larger doses of methotrexate suggests a toxic mechanism. Rashes have frequently been reported in association with dose methotrexate therapy (Van Scott, Auerbach & Weinstein, 1964; Leone, Albala & Rege, 1968; Mitchell et al., 1968; Capizzi et al., 1970; Jaffe et al., 1973; Rosen, Suwansirikul & Kwon, 1974; Pratt et al., 1975; Jaffe & Traggis, 1975; Ensminger & Frei, 1977; Stoller et al., 1977). They include perifolliculitis, transient erythema progressing to maculopapular eruptions, occasionally desquamating, sloughing over pressure areas, reactions confined to radiation portals, exacerbation of acne, photosensitivity and rarely urticaria. Relatively few reports sufficiently document the incidence or types of rash. It has been suggested that the rash is allergic in nature (Mitchell et al., 1968) or a toxic phenomenon (Djerassi et al., 1972; Djerassi & Kim, 1976), possibly related to drug effects on small vessels (Van Scott, 1963).

Erythema↗
PubMed1979

Results of treatment of head and neck carcinoma with high dose methotrexate.

Forty four patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck from a variety of primary sites were treated with high dose methotrexate with folinic acid rescue from 1975 to 1977. The overall response rate was 66%. Response duration was short with a mean of 16 weeks. The usefulness of this technique in the treatment of head and neck cancer is discussed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1979

Complications of tumour overkill when associated with high dose methotrexate therapy.

Three patients, in whom tumour overkill by cytotoxic treatment, including high dose methotrexate with folinic acid rescue, resulted in the 'phosphate shower syndrome' (hyper-uricaemia, hyperkalaemia and hyperphosphataemia with hypocalcaemia and tetany, with metabolic acidosis and acute renal impairment) are described. Severe methotrexate toxicity occurred in two of these patients. High dose methotrexate would appear contra-indicated in situations where massive tumour lysis is possible.

Adolescent↗