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Biomedical subjects

J R Sty

Publications and source records attributed to J R Sty.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Normal high-resolution cerebral 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT scans in symptomatic neonates exposed to cocaine.

Vascular constriction is said to account for a variety of clinical effects of cocaine. High-resolution 99mTc-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime single photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) scans, which measure cerebral blood flow, were used to determine whether neonatal brain perfusion deficits are present in newborns with confirmed cocaine exposure. Normal, age-appropriate SPECT scans were found in 21 babies. Conventional neuroimaging was also performed when possible. All but one of the 14 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and one computed tomographic scan were normal. One MRI showed a mild delay in myelination. All but four neonates had behavioral or electroencephalographic abnormalities, and microcephaly was found in five of 21. The normal neonatal SPECT scans contrast with findings in adult cocaine users, which typically report abnormal findings of cerebral hypoperfusion. This study identifies a unique lack of corresponding cerebral vascular pathology in symptomatic neonates. It raises the possibility that many of these children can escape significant ischemic injury.

Brain↗
PubMed1994

AIDS: sonography of hyperechoic renal pyramids in renal candidiasis.

A 13-month-old patient with autoimmune deficiency syndrome had renal candidiasis. An abnormal renal sonographic pattern of hyperechoic renal pyramids was demonstrated. This abnormal sonographic finding should suggest renal candidiasis in an immune suppressed child. In the normal kidney of children, the pyramids are hypoechoic. This pattern has not been noted in previous publications. We report this case.

AIDS-Associated Nephropathy↗
PubMed1994

Adrenal hyperechogenicity in hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Hemolytic uremic syndrome is characterized by an abrupt onset of a microangiopathy, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia and renal failure. These abnormalities present in varying degrees. The vascular abnormalities include endothelial swelling and thrombus formation. The kidney is the major target of involvement, although intestines, lung and brain may also be affected. It is considered a disease of the infant, although it occurs in older children and adults as a component of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. We present the sonographic findings of adrenal involvement in a child with hemolytic uremic syndrome, which seems to be a rare occurrence. The patient developed adrenal insufficiency during the acute phase of the disease.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1993

Spine pain in children.

Spine pain in children as an isolated symptom is infrequently seen in clinical practice. However, as opposed to spine pain in adults, it is accompanied by a relatively higher frequency of pathology. Diagnostic imaging is a necessary follow up to the physical examination and laboratory studies. Standard radiography is usually the initial imaging study. Frequently, however, additional imaging with bone scintigraphy, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging is necessary to add sensitivity and specificity to the clinical presentation. We describe the disease entities, pathophysiology, and imaging characteristics of the varied pathologies responsible for spine pain in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Malrotation of bowel: variable patterns with different surgical considerations.

The records of 53 patients with varied roentgenographic patterns of malrotation were reviewed. The patterns were categorized as A-Infantile (Al), A-Adult (Aa), B, C, and D. The differences in form were obvious and each differed clinically, radiographically, and surgically. The differences allowed the development of prognostic insights simply based on the presence and/or position of the ligament of Treitz and the cecum as shown by barium gastrointestinal examination. The literature was reviewed to find supportive or contradictory case material or other data that complemented or devalued the developed system for determining prognosis of patients with varied bowel patterns. The developed prognostic scheme seems to satisfy the requirements of reliability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Unusual scrotal mass in the neonate.

Ultrasound is an ideal imaging modality that may be used to evaluate scrotal masses. It will frequently detect the presence of a mass, localize its site of origin, and characterize the abnormality. The most valuable information provided by ultrasound is the separation of intra- and extratesticular lesions. The importance of this distinction is understood when it is recognized that the majority of intratesticular lesions are malignant, while more extratesticular lesions are benign. The accuracy in this determination is between 90% and 95%. The overall accuracy in detecting and characterizing soft tissue masses as cystic or solid is in the range of 90% to 100%. Once a solid mass is identified, it is not possible to distinguish benign from malignant. We present the ultrasound findings of a newborn with renal vein thrombosis and a left scrotal enlargement, and discuss its pathogenesis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

Cervical lymphadenitis complicated by mycotic carotid artery aneurysm.

A case of mycotic carotid artery aneurysm due to cervical lymphadenitis in a four-year old child is presented. Sonography and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated an irregular fluid-containing neck mass, similar in appearance to an uncomplicated abscess. Continuity with the carotid artery was suggested on sonography, and CT demonstrated intense contrast enhancement of the liquid portion of the mass. Mycotic carotid artery aneurysm is a rare, but potentially fatal, complication of cervical lymphadenitis that is detectable with noninvasive diagnostic imaging studies.

Aneurysm, Infected↗
PubMed1991

Heterotopic Tc-99m MDP uptake secondary to phlebitis.

A patient with blastomycosis complained of pain in his lower back after the administration of amphotericin B and parenteral alimentation via a femoral venous catheter. A bone scan that was performed to exclude bony involvement with blastomycosis showed abnormal tracer accumulation in the right paravertebral region. Computed tomography revealed the venous catheter to lie in the right ascending lumbar vein. There was calcification of a portion of the right psoas muscle. In addition, the epidural venous plexus was calcified from L2 to L4. It was this dystrophic calcification that caused the heterotopic accumulation of bone tracer.

Adolescent↗