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Biomedical subjects

J R Silver

Publications and source records attributed to J R Silver.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Post-traumatic syringomyelia.

A description is given of the syndrome of post-traumatic syringomyelia amongst patients with traumatic spinal injuries seen at the National Spinal Injuries Centre. The diagnosis was made on clinical grounds. It was confirmed wherever possible by neuroradiology prior to surgery; one case was confirmed only at post-mortem. The incidence of the condition was found to be in keeping with other large series but, in contrast, no difference was found between the time of onset after injury between complete and incomplete lesions of the spinal cord. The commonest manifestation was pain, followed by sensory loss and rarely motor weakness. In the majority of patients the condition eventually became bilateral and in a significant number the lesion ascended to involve the trigeminal territory. The natural history of the condition was followed, and in all cases the condition gradually progressed. The pathogenesis of the condition is briefly discussed in view of the findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Prophylactic anticoagulant therapy in patients with spinal cord injury.

One hundred and two consecutive acute traumatic spinal injury patients admitted between 1976 and 1979 to a male ward at Stoke Mandeville Hospital were considered for prophylactic anticoagulant therapy. Sixty-six were anticoagulated. Thirty-six were not due to various contra-indications. Nineteen patients had pulmonary emboli. None of these were effectively anticoagulated. These results are compared with a similar previous series where there was a smaller incidence of emboli. The main reason for this was due to the delay in admitting patients to the Centre so that they could not be anticoagulated early enough to prevent pulmonary embolus occurring. In these patients who had a pulmonary embolus or were considered to be a high risk, anticoagulant therapy was continued for 6 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Acute myelopathy in association with heroin addiction.

The occurrence of spinal cord lesions in association with self-administration of heroin is a recognised entity in the United States of America which has not up to now been reported in British literature. Three cases are described, the literature reviewed and possible aetiological factors discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Electromyographic investigation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles in tetraplegics.

Local electromyographic activity has been demonstrated in the intercostal muscles of tetraplegic patients by using a combination of surface, fine-wire and intra-oesophageal diaphragmatic electrodes. This activity is first present and most evident in the lower chest, the point of maximum deformation in the tetraplegic's thorax. In patients with long standing injury the activity is present and prominent in the more superior intercostal muscles. We believe this activity to be reflex in character and that it develops and facilitates over time, so improving the ventilatory capacity of tetraplegics.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Dyspnoea during generalised spasms in tetraplegic patients.

Dyspnoea during generalised spasms is reported in three tetraplegic patients. Intraoesophageal electromyographic evidence strongly suggests that the dyspnoea is a result of diaphragmatic spasms. Utilisation of this EMG technique in other tetraplegic patients may add to our knowledge of variations in the distribution of the phrenic nerve nucleus within the spinal cord.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Problems in the management of combined brachial plexus and spinal cord injuries.

Despite the fact that spinal cord injury is rarely seen without other injuries, the association with brachial plexus lesions has been very infrequently reported. Eleven cases of such injuries are reported, six as a result of motorcycle accidents. The brachial plexus lesion is often overlooked because clinical attention is naturally directed to the spinal cord. The patient often is unable to give a coherent history due to head injury, and the paralysis may be thought to be due to the spinal cord lesion or the head injury. The brachial plexus lesion greatly complicates rehabilitation and requires attention to detail at all stages, preferably by rehabilitation teams experienced in this field.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1980

Blind evaluation of body reflexes and motor skills in learning disability.

Motor dysfunctions have been associated with learning disabilities in casual observation and systematic study. However, most prior work has concentrated solely on high-level skills and has been subject to observer bias. In this study, boys with learning disability were blindly compared with paired controls on measures of postural and equilibrium reflexes as well as skills. Learning-disabled children as a group showed significant deficits on all measures; a few, however, were totally without deficit. The implications of these findings for controversies about the role of motor dysfunction in learning disabilities are examined.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Associated injuries in patients with spinal injury.

The associated injuries found in 100 consecutive spinal injuries are described. Fifty-one of the patients had injuries of the cervical cord, 31 per cent complete. A total of 75 per cent of the patients had associated injuries, the commonest being a head injury. Chest injuries were the next most frequent. The management of these injuries in the presence of a severe spinal injury is described. The importance of early tracheostomy and prophylactic anticoagulant therapy is stressed in reducing the mortality to the order of 2 per cent. The value of spinal injury units is emphasized.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1975

The effect of an antibacterial drug on urinary calcium, magnesium and phosphorus excretion in patients with neurogenic bladder.

The effect of the simultaneous administration of hexamine mandelate and methionine on the urinary excretion of calcium, magnesium and phosphate is reported in 3 groups of paraplegic patients. Long-term therapy with G 500 increases bone loss in paralysed patients, and is contra-indicated when there is infection of the urinary tract by urea-splitting organisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Spinal stroke.

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Adult↗