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Biomedical subjects

J R Ryan

Publications and source records attributed to J R Ryan.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Fractures and dislocations encountered by the general surgeon: general principles.

The definitive treatment selected for the care of a fracture is dependent upon what will offer the best cosmesis and function for the individual patient. Closed reductions and immobilization which require the joints to be in abnormal positions may offer an anatomic reduction but after the fracture is healed, joint function may be poor. Consequently, immobilization in the functional position with early motion and acceptance of some deformity is often better in terms of the ultimate use of the extremity. Traction treatment which requires prolonged recumbency is dangerous in the elderly because of the threat of thromboembolic phenomena and pneumonia. Therefore, open reduction and internal fixation with early mobilization of such patients is preferred. The type of treatment used is based on an evaluation of the entire patient and not just the radiographic interpretation of the fracture.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Prophylactic internal fixation of the femur for neoplastic lesions.

Prophylactic intramedullary nailing was performed in eighteen femora of fourteen patients who had neoplastic lesions in the femur and survived for from thirty-eight to 1309 days after nailing. The procedure enabled all but three patients to be ambulatory with a walker by four days after operation and to continue to walk until they became moribund shortly before death. The complications were: one postoperative infection, penetration of the nail through the femoral cortex in three femora before prebending of the nail became part of the procedure, and ectopic bone about the proximal end of the rod. The procedure is recommended for the prevention of pathological fracture and relief of pain.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Potentiation of hypoglycemic effect of sulfonylureas by halofenate.

We investigated the possibility of a drug interaction between the antilipemic agent halofenate and sulfonylureas. Twelve young, healthy men were given 1 g of tolbutamide by mouth before and after 12 days of double-blind treatment with 1 g per day of halofenate, or placebo. There was a significant increase in serum tolbutamide at eight, 10 and 12 hours (P less than 0.01) and a significant (P less than 0.01) decrease in serum glucose at one, four and six hours after halofenate treatment, but not after placebo. In a long-term, double-blind study of halofenate or clofibrate treatment of patients with Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetic patients receiving a sulfonylurea and halofenate either required a reduction in the dose of the sulfonylurea or demonstrated significantly improved control of hyperglycemia (P less than 0.05) or both. No appreciable decrease in serum glucose levels was noted in diabetic patients receiving sulfonylurea and clofibrate. This interaction between halofenate and sulfonylureas is clinically important, especially in view of the association of hyperlipemia and diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Initial clinical experience with a new peripheral vasodilator, PR-G-138-Cl, in hypertensive patients.

PR-G-138-C1, a new antihypertensive agent with vasodilating properties, was studied in ten patients with moderate to severe hypertension. The patients were admitted to a metabolic ward and followed on a 2 gm salt diet. Placebo was given daily until blood pressure and weight were stabilized. A dose titration was then started with increasing single daily doses of 3, 5, 8, and 10 mg of PR-G-138-C1 orally. The dose at which the mean arterial pressure was reduced by 15 mm Hg was continued for a total of seven days. PR-G-138-C1 lowered sitting mean arterial pressures significantly in all subjects (133.8+/-15.1 leads to 116.0+/-12.4 mm Hg, p less than 0.001). The antihypertensive effect was first noted 30 minutes following drug administration and persisted for as long as six hours with a peak effect at one hour. All patients had a significant increase in sitting pulse rate (80.4+/-9.11 leads to 90.0+/-6.91/min, p less than 0.002). Blood pressure reduction and increase in pulse rate were dose related. The most common side effects noted were headaches in eight out of ten patients and postural dizziness in seven out of ten patients. There were no signs of fluid retention (weight gain or edema). Electrocardiogram and other laboratory parameters remained essentially unchanged.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Anticoagulant potency of mucosal and lung heparin.

Hog mucosal heparin was compared with beef lung heparin in 24 healthy male and female subjects by double-blind crossover study, by both intravenous and subcutaneous routes, to determine their relative anticoagulant effects as estimated by the activated partial thromboplastin test. Both drugs by both routes induced therapeutically comparable anticoagulation effects, without adverse experience. Thus both products are equivalent, unit for unit.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Long-term treatment of hypercholesterolemia with colestipol hydrochloride.

Colestipol hydroxhloride (15 gm/day) (an anion exchange resin that binds bile acids) of placebo was administered to 92 patients with hypercholesterolemia who were followed for periods up to 36 months. There was a prompt (1 month), significant (p smaller than 0.05 minus 0.001), and sustained (36 months) lowering of serum cholesterol in the colestipol HCl-treated group, but no significant change in the placebo group. Serum triglycerides increased in both treatment groups in parallel; the reason was not apparent. Side effects were equally distributed between colestipol HCl and placebo and were primarily gastrointestinal (upper abdominal distress, constipation). Colestipol HCl appears to be a safe and effective treatment for hypercholesterolemia; tolerance does not seem to develop.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

An evaluation of the management of hypertensive patients.

The medical work-ups received by hypertensive patients at Charity Hospital, New Orleans, during a three-month period in 1972 were evaluated. One hundred charts were reviewed using a questionnaire which covered aspects of history, physical examination, and laboratory tests important to the clinical evaluation of hypertension. The frequency with which these ideal parameters appeared in the charts reviewed is given in percentage form.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed1975

The metabolic spectrum of halofenate.

Halofenate is a new antilipemic drug which is an ester of carboxylic acid. In dosages ranging from 10 to 15 mg/kg, halofenate produces prominent decreases in serum triglycerides and uric acid, with only a slight reduction in serum cholesterol. The decrease in serum uric acid is due to augumented uricosuria. Halofenate is less antilipemic, but more antiuricemic than clofibrate. It apparently interferes with the protein binding of some hormones (thyroid) and drugs (tolbutamide), which can produce changes in the laboratory or clinical findings. In general, halofenate was well tolerated, except for occasional gastrointestinal symptoms.

Blood Glucose↗