Biomedical subjects

J R Royce

Publications and source records attributed to J R Royce.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1981

An overview of a multifactor-system theory of personality and individual differences: III. Life span development and the heredity-environment issue.

In Part III of this three-part series on multifactor-system theory, multivariate, life-span development is approached from the standpoint of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the ontogenesis of factors in each of the six systems. The pattern of quantitative development (described via the Gompertz equation and three developmental parameters) involves growth, stability, and decline, and qualitative development involves changes in the organization of factors (e.g., factor differentiation and convergence). Hereditary and environmental sources of variation are analyzed via the factor gene model and the concept of heredity-dominant factors, and the factor-learning model and environment-dominant factors. It is hypothesized that the sensory and motor systems are heredity dominant, that the style and value systems are environment dominant, and that the cognitive and affective systems are partially heredity dominant.

Genotype↗

PubMed1978

A multi-systems theory of the structure and dynamics of motor functions.

A theoretical analysis of the structure and dynamics of human motor functioning is presented from the perspective of a general theory of individuality. Within multifactor-systems theory, the structural units of the six systems of integrative personality (i.e., sensory, motor, cognitive, affect, style, and value) are hierarchical factor structures. Integrative functioning, both within and among systems, is described via the principles of general systems and information-processing theory. Our theoretical synthesis of the structure and dynamics of human motor functioning involves conceptualizing the hierarchy of motor factors as: (a) the basic dimensions of individual differences in the motor domain, (b) classes of decomposable motor programs that specify the spatio-temporal organization of behavior, and (c) decomposable classes of processing components entailed by motor programs. Some of the implications for understanding the role of affect in motor functioning and some research suggestions were presented.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1977

Effects of septal lesions on factors of mouse emotionality.

Sixty mice from two emotionally divergent inbred strains, BALB/Alb and C57BL/10Alb, were assigned to one of three experimental groups: septal surgery, control surgery, and intact. Subsequently, all animals were administered a battery of five tasks that yielded 19 measures of emotionality. Factor scores were computed on six invariant factors obtained previously from these measures. Each factor was analyzed by an analysis of variance design with main effects for strain, sex, lesion, and days of testing. Strain and lesion main effects were found on Motor Discharge and Autonomic Balance, Strain X Lesion interaction effects on Motor Discharge and Tunneling 1, and a Lesion X Sex interaction effect on Territorial Marking. The results support the interpretation that the septum affects distinct processes modulating Autonomic Balance and Motor Discharge factors.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Behavior genetic analysis of mouse emotionality. III. The diallel analysis.

A total of 775 pure-strain and F1 mice were obtained from a 6 X 6 diallel mating plan. Previous factor analysis of 42 measures of emotionality identified 14 behavioral factors, ten of which were interpretable. Hayman's analysis of variance and analysis of diallel crosses were applied to each of the factors. In general, the findings indicate that the mode of inheritance for emotionality factors is polygenic and in the direction of complete dominance. However, a major point of this investigation is that the mode of inheritance of highly complex behavior such as emotionality depends on the factor in question. For example, the breakdown of dominance effects by factor was as follows: partial dominance--Motor Discharge, Food Motivation, Tunneling-2, and Activity Level (males); complete dominance--Audiogenic Reactivity, Underwater Swimming (males), and Activity Level (females); overdominance--Acrophobia, Territorial Marking (males). Additional findings include directional dominance for Underwater Swimming and Audiogenic Reactivity, and significant sex differences for eight of the 14 factors.

Animals↗

PubMed1975