Biomedical subjects
J R Pilley
Publications and source records attributed to J R Pilley.
Dentists' awareness of bias questioned.
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A survey of craniomandibular disorders in 500 19-year-olds.
This study examines the development of signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders (CMD), and some effects of orthodontic treatment from the age of 12-19 years of age. The data is drawn from a special sample of adolescents recruited at 11 years of age by random stratified sampling to contain a high prevalence of malocclusions of particular orthodontic interest. The sample does not reflect malocclusion in a normal population. The prevalence of frequent headache and TMJ disorders shows a major increase from 12 to 15 years of age. From 15 to 19 years of age, there is some increase in the prevalence of TMJ disorders in girls, but altogether the prevalence of signs and symptoms of CMD is much more stable. When the data from subjects who received orthodontic treatment were compared with data from subjects who had not received orthodontic treatment, only small differences were found.
A survey of craniomandibular disorders in 800 15-year-olds. A follow-up study of children with malocclusion.
Seven-hundred-and-ninety-one 15-year-olds were subjected to an anamnestic and clinical examination of craniomandibular disorders. These individuals had been examined at the age of 12 years and this is one section of an extensive longitudinal investigation into the effects of malocclusion, and the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment. The children were originally selected on the basis of presence of malocclusion. Signs of CMD were found in about half of the subjects. The proportion of individuals without any signs of CMD had decreased during the 4-year period. However, the number of subjects with severe signs remained very small. Changes in severity of CMD according to Helkimo's index of clinical dysfunction were mainly attributed to an increased prevalence of impaired TMJ function. An increase in prevalence of reported symptoms was found involving headache and joint sounds. The other recorded symptoms did not show any significant increase in prevalence. Mandibular mobility showed only minor changes from 12 to 15 years of age.
A survey of craniomandibular disorders in 1000 12-year-olds. Study design and baseline data in a follow-up study.
One-thousand-and-eighteen 12-year-old children were chosen by use of preselected screening criteria, and disproportionate sampling to participate in a longitudinal study into the dental and social effects of malocclusion. The data has now been used to investigate the effects of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment on craniomandibular disorders. The sampling method was designed to create sub-groups large enough to study effectively the whole range of malocclusion, even those which have a low prevalence. This report will give baseline data in a longitudinal study. Intra-observer variability on recordings of signs of craniomandibular disorders was tested and reproducibility was found to be on an acceptable level. Almost half the children had signs of CMD, but few of these were severe and overall, only a very small minority of children in this sample required treatment. A preliminary examination has been made into possible relationships between the signs and symptoms of CMD, and significant associations were found between headache and several clinical signs.
An approach to the treatment of malocclusion caused by bone expanding lesions.
A case is described in which fixed orthodontic appliances were used to correct a malocclusion complicated by the local effects of a dentigerous cyst.
A sojourn in Sweden.
In recent years, there has been a brisk increase of interest in disorders of the temporomandibular joint. Much valuable and pioneering research has been carried out in Scandinavia, particularly in Sweden. This article describes some impressions I formed of the Swedish Dental Service, and the way in which care for TM joint patients is managed in Sweden, during a visit I was able to make there.
The direct bonding of teeth in the buccal segments: a problem eased.
Modification of an orthodontic debonding plier is described to facilitate the bonding of teeth in the posterior buccal segments.
An unusual mandibular supernumerary.
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