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Biomedical subjects

J R Masters

Publications and source records attributed to J R Masters.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Experimental trypsin-induced urothelial cell separation in vivo.

A morphological study of the effects of different concentrations of trypsin on the normal rat bladder in vivo is described. A low concentration (5000 u/ml) of the pure enzyme caused extensive urothelial cell separation following intravesical instillation via a catheter for 30 min. Urothelial regeneration commenced within 12 h and the appearance of the bladder was normal within 3 months. However, the development of submucosal haemorrhage and ulceration, partly as a result of infection, indicates that further experimental work is required before trypsin can be evaluated clinically for removing in situ carcinoma or reducing tumour bulk. The enzyme might also be used to produce more cellular material for cytological examination.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Quantitative organ culture: an approach to prediction of tumour response.

Quantitative organ culture provides a simple in vitro method for assessing tumour responsiveness. The value of using 125IUdR incorporation as a reproducible index of DNA synthesis in organ culture has been investigated using human benign prostatic hyperplasia. From a study of the variables affecting the reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity of the method a simple technique was adopted. This method was applied to the study of the hormone-sensitivity of breast tumours, some of which showed a dose-response to 17 beta-estradiol. The criteria which must be applied to make such a test of clinical value are discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Elastosis and response to endocrine therapy in human breast cancer.

Response to endocrine therapy in 51 patients with advanced breast cancer was compared with the amount of elastosis in histological sections from their primary tumours. There appeared to be an association between elastosis and response: tumours with no elastosis showed a lower rate of response than those with gross elastosis, indicating that this simple method might provide a useful predictive index for response to endocrine therapy. In addition, tumours with oestrogen-receptor activity (a feature associated with a high rate of response) but with no elastosis were unlikely to respond, suggesting that a combination of the 2 predictive indices might be more valuable than either taken alone.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Hormonal sensitivity of human breast tumors in vitro: pentose-shunt activity.

Recent studies indicated that response to endocrine therapy might be predicted in human breast carcinomas using the sensitivity of the pentose-shunt pathway to hormones in organ culture. Thirty breast tumors were examined using this histochemical method, and three independent assessments were made. There was poor agreement between the observers, and we consider that this test is not reproducible in its present form.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Cyclic Variation of DNA synthesis in human breast epithelium.

DNA synthesis in normal breast epithelium from premenopausal women was assessed by use of autoradiography. In parous women the labeling indexes decreased during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and increased to a significantly higher level during the luteal phase.

Breast↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanism of differential sensitivity to cisplatin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

Cisplatin is used in the treatment of many tumours, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we studied two nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines with a four-fold difference in sensitivity to cisplatin. Following exposure to cisplatin, the sensitive SUNE1 cell line underwent apoptosis while the relatively resistant CNE1 line died through mitotic cell death. No differences were seen in telomere length or in the cell cycle distribution after cisplatin treatment. However, there was an increase in Bax levels in the sensitive cell line SUNE1, while in the resistant line CNE1 that did not undergo apoptosis, Bax levels fell. Our results suggest that upregulation of Bax is associated with the sensitivity of these NPC cells to cisplatin.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The prevalence and prognostic significance of trophoblastic proteins in testicular teratoma.

Testicular neoplasms incorporating trophoblastic tumour can contain HCG, SPI and PP5 and have a bad prognosis. These placental proteins also may be localized immunocytochemically in other germ cell tumours in isolated cells which morphologically resemble those in the syncytial layer of trophoblastic tumour, but the prognostic significance of these syncytial giant cells is not established. In sections from 89 malignant teratoma intermediate tumours of pathological stage P1 syncytial giant cells containing HCG were observed in 66 per cent, PP5 in 47 per cent and SPI in 46 per cent. No correlation was observed between the presence of cells staining for each protein and survival at 4 years. Immunocytochemical localization of these proteins in this group of tumours is not a necessary part of a diagnostic service.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗