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Biomedical subjects

J R Lynch

Publications and source records attributed to J R Lynch.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The polymerase chain reaction: current and future clinical applications.

The polymerase chain reaction has undergone rapid improvement since its initial development, such that the technique currently permits rapid, accurate, predictive tests to be made in the field of prenatal diagnosis and has greatly aided forensic medicine. It is anticipated that the polymerase chain reaction will also facilitate advances in other fields, in particular preimplantation diagnosis, virology, bacteriology, and cancer therapy.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1990

The effects of for-profit multihospital system ownership on hospital financial and operating performance.

The financial and operating performance of independent not-for-profit hospitals acquired by US for-profit multi-hospital systems in 10 Southern states between the years 1978 and 1982 was explored. The impact of system ownership on acquired hospitals was investigated by comparing the average financial performance of hospitals in the two years immediately prior to acquisition to the average for 1984 and 1985 and by comparing changes in the performance of acquired hospitals with changes in matched independent facilities. Findings suggest that for-profit multi-hospital systems were able to improve many of the financial and operating problems of acquired facilities. In comparison to independent not-for-profit hospitals, acquired hospitals were found to increase access to long-term debt, make improvements to plant and equipment, improve profitability, and increase efficiency to a greater extent. Prices in acquired hospitals rose more than those in independents and liquidity decreased to a greater extent.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1987

Financial assessment of small multihospital systems.

This article examines the financial performance of small multihospital systems relative to freestanding hospitals. Small systems, defined as seven or fewer hospital units, were analyzed for three ownership categories: investor owned, church related, and secular not-for-profit. Finding few statistically significant differences between system and independent hospitals indicates that small systems are unable to fulfill the financial promises of system affiliation.

Accounting↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of a rapid system for species identification of alpha-hemolytic streptococci.

A new 4-h commercial system (API 20S; Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.) for the identification of streptococci was compared with the conventional biochemical profile method in the species identification of alpha-hemolytic streptococci. A total of 194 clinical isolates (including 74 isolated from blood cultures, 64 isolated from wound cultures, and 56 isolated from respiratory cultures) and 20 reference strains were tested. Only 4 of the 20 reference strains were correctly identified to species level by the API 20S system. Six were identified to group level (viridans), four were incorrectly identified, and six did not conform to the identification key. Of the 194 clinical isolates tested, 79 (39%) were correctly identified to species level, 34 (17.5%) were identified to group level, 34 (17.5%) were incorrectly identified, and 50 (25.8%) did not conform to the identification key. Of the 12 different species of alpha-hemolytic streptococci isolated from clinical specimens, the API 20S system consistently identified Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium, but consistently misidentified the other 10 species, especially Streptococcus mitis. Our results indicate that for identification to species level, the API 20S system is of little value for alpha-hemolytic streptococci other than enterococci.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1976

Occupational Health/Safety Program Accreditation Commission.

This presents a brief history of programs for accrediting occupational health activities with discussion of weaknesses and strengths. The relatively short life of the Occupational Health/Safety Program Accreditation Commission is reviewed with emphasis on its charge, goals and accomplishments. The mechanisms for accreditating Occupational Health and Safety Programs is described and some reasons for seeking accreditation are given.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1969

Some determinants of the effects of VAL-5-angiotensin II amide on glomerular filtration rate and sodium excretion in dogs.

In 12 dogs anesthetized with chloralose, angiotensin (angiotensin II amide) given intravenously increased the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of an ischemic kidney while simultaneously having little effect on the GFR of the contralateral kidney. In the ischemic kidney, in 14 of 30 observations, increments of GFR greater than 100% of mean control GFR (9 ml/min) occurred in response to angiotensin. The magnitude of the increase in GFR produced by angiotensin was independent of dose (range 0.005-0.050 mug/kg per min), the degree of accompanying pressor response, and alterations in renal blood flow (RBF) (electromagnetic flow-meter). In the ischemic kidney, increments of GFR could be produced by sub-pressor doses of angiotensin. Dissociations between increments of GFR and sodium excretion occurred. Equivalent increments of GFR in the ischemic kidney in dogs receiving either 5% glucose in water or 10% mannitol in 0.3% saline were associated with natriuresis only in the latter group: a) as an initial response of the contralateral kidney to renal arterial constriction (RAC) in spite of a concomitant reduction in RBF and an unchanged GFR; b) in the ischemic kidney on giving angiotensin. The natriuresis produced by angiotensin was independent of the magnitude of elevations in blood pressure, altered filtration fraction, and was associated with a further reduction in RBF. After release of RAC in the dogs receiving mannitol, an antinatriuresis was again observed in response to angiotensin. The presence of unilateral renal ischemia allowed the demonstration of a differential action of angiotensin on the GFR of an ischemic and nonischemic kidney. The natriuresis in response to angiotensin requires, in addition to mannitol, the participation of undefined factors invoked by unilateral renal ischemia.

Angiotensin II↗