Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J R Liu

Publications and source records attributed to J R Liu.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Relationship between race and interval to treatment in endometrial cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the poor prognosis of black women with endometrial adenocarcinoma is due to racial differences in the interval between the onset of abnormal uterine bleeding and hysterectomy. METHODS: Clinical records of all 219 patients (176 white, 39 black, four other) who underwent surgical treatment of endometrial cancer during 1990-1993 at our institution were reviewed to obtain information regarding clinicopathologic features. In addition, the interval between the onset of abnormal uterine bleeding and hysterectomy was noted. RESULTS: Compared with white patients, black women with endometrial cancer had a significantly higher incidence of unfavorable features, including non-endometrioid histology (38 versus 12%), stage III or IV disease (51 versus 19%), grade 3 differentiation (49 versus 18%), and poor survival (P = .003). There was no significant difference in the median interval from onset of abnormal uterine bleeding to hysterectomy between blacks (11.1 weeks) and whites (13.7 weeks), nor was the interval to treatment related to stage, grade, histologic type, myometrial invasion, or survival. In contrast, patients with a history of hormone use had a longer median interval from the onset of abnormal bleeding to treatment compared with patients who had not used hormones (19 versus 10 weeks) (P < .01), and hormone use was associated with favorable clinicopathologic features and survival. Although black women were less likely to have used hormones than white women (13 versus 44%) (P < .001), racial differences in stage, grade, and survival persisted after correcting for hormone use. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that black women with endometrial cancer have a poorer outcome than white women; however, this does not appear to be due to a difference in the interval from onset of abnormal uterine bleeding to hysterectomy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Taxol and related compounds in Korean native yews (Taxus cuspidata).

The concentrations of taxol and related compounds in the bark and needles of Taxus cuspidata grown on Mt. Jiri, Mt. Sobaek, and Cheju Island, and T. cuspidata var. latifolia on Ullung Island in Korea were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The taxane content significantly varied with the location and plant part. The taxol content in the bark of native yews from Mt. Jiri and Mt. Sobaek was high when compared to that reported for Pacific yew (T. brevifolia), whereas bark from trees on Cheju and Ullung islands contained a much lower level. Surprisingly, the needles from Cheju and Ullung islands contained a much higher level of taxol (0.022% and 0.0173%, respectively) than those of intermountain locations (0.0058% to 0.0085%), on the basis of dry weight. The bark and needles of T. cuspidata var. latifolia on Ullung Island also contained relatively high concentrations of 10-deacetylbaccatin III, 0.0497% and 0.0545%, respectively, and indicated that environmental factors may affect the quantity. Taxol in the needles was confirmed by electrospray mass spectrometry. These results suggest that foliage from yew trees growing in their natural habitats on Cheju and Ullung islands may provide a renewable source for taxol.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1995

[A seroepidemiologic survey on HCMV infection in pregnant women].

A survey on antibodies to HCMV-IgM was carried out with the solid-phase ELISA in 6,428 pregnant women who were given perinatal medical care in six regions of Henan Province. The positive rate was 1.1%. It was found that women of different ages, stages and numbers of pregnancy had the same positive rate. And the rate in autumn was slightly higher than those in other seasons.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1994

Sonographic diagnosis of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in the early stage.

This article presents sonographic diagnosis of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in early stage. 24 children with clinically suspected acute hematogenous osteomyelitis were detected to have subperiosteal abscesses by ultrasound during four to fourteen days after onset. The mean length and anteroposterior distance of the subperiosteal abscesses were 86.4 mm and 10.7 mm, respectively. Of 24 cases of subperiosteal abscesses, aspiration performed under ultrasound guidance revealed purulent fluid in all and 23 were verified surgically. The results obtained indicate that ultrasound can be used in diagnosis of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in the early stage. The earliest case was diagnosed by ultrasound 4 days after onset. By use of ultrasound, differentiation diagnosis of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis from other diseases such as cellulitis, soft tissue abscess, acute septic arthritis and malignant bone tumors is also discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Sonographic diagnosis of the knee effusion.

This paper presents the diagnosis of effusion of the knee by ultrasound. 140 patients with pain and swelling of the knee were detected to have suprapatellar effusion by ultrasound. The antero-posterior distances of the suprapatellar effusion were 0.2-3.4 cm with a mean of 1.2 cm. The effusion was revealed as an anechoic fluid-filled area in 121 cases (86.4%), as a hypoechoic area in 15 cases (10.7%), and as a mixed anechoic fluid-filled area and hypoechoic area in remaining 4 (2.9%). Of 140 cases of knee effusion, 126 cases were verified by aspiration or operation. The results obtained demonstrate that ultrasound can visualize not only the effusion of the knee, but also the abnormalities in the menisci, synovium, and the popliteal fossa; This provides an important basis for diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, ultrasound is painfree, noninvasive, inexpensive, readily acceptable by patients, and convenient for follow-up studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Antimetastatic action of polyactin A and its mechanism].

Polyactin A (PAA) is a home-made immunomodulator, isolated from submerged culture broths of alpha-hemolytic streptococci. The effect of PAA on the metastasis of B16-F10 melanoma cells in the syngeneic C57BL/6J mice and its antimetastatic mechanism have been studied. The results showed that: PAA inhibited the experimental pulmonary metastasis nodules at a dose of 100 mg.kg-1.d-1 for 18 d. The number of pulmonary metastasis nodules were significantly decreased from 137 to 95 as compared with those in the control; The plasma concentration of TXB2 in B16 bearing mice was higher than that in normal mice. After treatment with PAA, a decreased content of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was found without change of the ratio TXB2 to 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. The cellular immunities were evidently decreased in the B16 bearing mice. The restoration of lymphocyte proliferation response and augmentation of the NK cell activity of the splenocytes were found in vivo in normal mice and B16 bearing mice after treated with PAA. PAA was also shown to antagonize the suppressing effect of cyclophosphamide on murine NK cells; PAA at the concentration of 10-5000 micrograms.ml-1 was found to inhibit the biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and protein in the B16-F10 melanoma cells to different degrees and the effect was dose-dependent. It is evident that PAA is effective in preventing the pulmonary metastasis of B16-F10 melanoma and the antimetastatic action may be related not only to promoting the effect the antitumor immunities, but also to inhibiting the growth of B16-F10 melanoma cells.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1993

Ultrasound diagnosis of effusion of the hip.

This paper reports on two prospective studies of ultrasound examination of the hip in 150 healthy subjects and 50 patients with hip joint diseases. The sagittal distance of the anterior recess of the hip was measured on the sonogram of the sagittal section. The normal value in adults, teenagers and children was 4.54 mm +/- 0.99 mm, 4.27 mm +/- 1.26 mm and 3.40 mm +/- 0.93 mm, respectively. Ultrasound examination of both hips in 50 patients with hip joint diseases showed that the sagittal distance of the anterior recess was significantly widened in the symptomatic side, and the mean value in the symptomatic side and normal side was 12.02 mm +/- 3.68 mm, and 4.12 mm +/- 1.15 mm, respectively. Ultrasound showed echo-free area in anterior recess in 42 hips, hypoecho and medium echo area in 8 hips. Of 50 patients undergoing plain radiography, 33 showed bony changes of the hip, and the remaining 17 no change whatever. The results obtained demonstrated that ultrasound can accurately detect effusion of the hip, what is more, it is easy to operate, inexpensive, noninvasive, convenient for follow-up and without radiation damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Sonographic diagnosis of intramuscular hemangiomas.

This article reports 10 cases of intramuscular hemangiomas diagnosed by ultrasound. The results obtained demonstrated that the intramuscular hemangiomas were revealed sonographically as a spindle-shaped or ellipse-shaped mass with a mixed echo structure in the skeletal muscle, and usually with small calcifications. The solid parts of the tumor most commonly have a medium echogenicity, but few hyperechogenicity. The cavity or sinus containing blood has a hypoecho or echo-free structure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Maxillary orthopedics.

Although there may never be uniformity of opinion on the use of maxillary orthopedic appliances or definitive data supporting their universal use in treatment regimens, they are an integral part of cleft lip and palate care. Many appliances, both active and passive, are used by teams of highly skilled specialists to normalize the congenital alveolar defect. The major difficulty in reaching a consensus among care providers is due to maxillary orthopedics being but one interventional aspect of a sequence of events in the habilitation effort. Cleft care begins in infancy and extends throughout the developmental years. The period of assessment of treatment regimens and outcomes extends almost over a researcher's lifetime. By placing the cleft structures in a more favorable oral configuration in concert with the oral environment, the greatest growth potential can be achieved.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1992

Radiographic demonstration of oronasal fistulas in patients with cleft palate with the use of barium sulfate contrast.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the overlapping and unique contributions that radiographic techniques might provide for accurate characterization of hard palate fistulas associated with cleft palate. Five subjects with oronasal fistulas were selected for radiographic imaging, and their informed consent was obtained. Results indicated that radiographs with contrast can provide important supplemental and unique information. Qualitative descriptions of the inferior-superior course and location, and the size of the narrowest aperture could be obtained from the combination of maxillary occlusal, posteroanterior tomographic, and lateral tomographic projections. This information could not be obtained from the common clinical methods in use to describe fistulas. This technique can provide valuable information to all members of a multidisciplinary cleft palate team to document palatal fistulas for both clinical and research purposes.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1992

Social issues.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1982

On the configuration of the receptors for excitatory amino acids.

Separate receptors are recognized for the excitation of mammalian neurones by (a) L-glutamic and quisqualic acids and (b) N-methyl-D-aspartic (NMDA), and other amino acids which have conformationally restricted molecules. Several other compounds, both agonists and antagonists, have been examined, and it is concluded that (i) the NMDA receptor reacts preferentially with substances in a relatively extended configuration, (ii) the glutamate/quisqualate receptor prefers folded molecules and (iii) the distance separating the amino group from the distal anionic function is the critical one determining receptor preference.

2-Aminoadipic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation of vindoline from Catharanthus roseus by supercritical fluid extraction.

Vindoline was extracted from the leaves of Catharanthus roseus over the ranges of 35-70 degrees C and 100-300 bar using supercritical carbon dioxide with and without the addition of 3 wt % ethanol as a cosolvent. The vindoline contents in the extracts were determined by HPLC and identified by LC/MS. The remarkable highest vindoline concentration, 58 wt %, was obtained at the lowest temperature, 35 degrees C, and the highest pressure, 300 bar, of this study. The use of a cosolvent only slightly improved the extraction yields or selectivities at some experimental conditions.

Biotechnology↗