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Biomedical subjects

J R Kirkpatrick

Publications and source records attributed to J R Kirkpatrick.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Prospective, randomized, comparative trials in the therapy for intraabdominal and female genital tract infections.

The results of four prospective, randomized comparative trials, in which the authors' two university teaching hospitals participated, that compared selected antimicrobial regimens with the combination of clindamycin and an aminoglycoside in the therapy for intraabdominal and female genital tract infections are reviewed. In the first trial, the rates of cure for patients with intraabdominal infections were 33 (79%) of 42 treated with clindamycin and gentamicin, 43 (81%) of 53 treated with chloramphenicol and gentamicin, and 35 (90%) of 39 treated with ticarcillin and gentamicin. The rates of cure for females with genital tract infections were 16 (94%) of 17, 11 (100%) of 11, and 12 (92%) of 13 treated with the three respective combinations. The rates of cure in the second study were 22 (88%) of 25 treated with metronidazole and gentamicin and 23 (88%) of 26 treated with clindamycin and gentamicin. In the third study, the rates of cure were 23 (82%) of 28 treated with cefoxitin and tobramycin as compared with 24 (89%) of 27 treated with clindamycin and tobramycin. In the fourth study, 21 (87%) of 24 patients treated with ceftizoxime alone are cured as compared with 13 (87%) of 15 treated with clindamycin and tobramycin. These prospective, randomized trials suggest that chloramphenicol and gentamicin, ticarcillin and gentamicin, metronidazole and gentamicin, cefoxitin and tobramycin, or ceftizoxime alone are as effective as clindamycin and gentamicin or tobramycin in therapy for mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anabolic steroid administration during nutritional support: a therapeutic controversy.

Nitrogen balance was determined in 48 patients who were entered into a randomized prospective double-blind study, comparing anabolic steroids versus placebo in our parenteral nutritional support system. The group included both young and old patients suffering from catabolic illnesses, in whom intravenous feeding ranged from 14-21 days. All participants received the active agent or placebo biweekly throughout the study. During the period of intravenous nutrition, there was statistically significant difference in nitrogen balance and protein conservation in the patients receiving the active agent.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alterations in the metabolism of exogenous lipid associated with sepsis.

The responses to an exogenous lipid challenge of nonhypermetabolic surgical patients requiring parenteral nutrition and seriously ill septic patients were compared. All patients received a 500-ml intravenous infusion of a 10% lipid emulsion over a 4-hr period. An early elevation of glycerol and triglyceride was noted during the infusion suggesting chylomicron fractionation. Peak triglyceride levels were higher in the septic group but the rate of lipid clearance appeared essentially identical in both septic and nonseptic patients. Lipoprotein lipase levels remained constant and were equal for both groups. Significant late ketone body production was statistically identical in both groups despite depressed albumin levels in the septic group suggesting adequate hepatic ketogenic capacity in septic as well as nonseptic patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Altered immunologic function and nitrogen metabolism associated with depression of plasma growth hormone.

The specific role of endogenous growth hormone in regulating nitrogen metabolism during surgical stress and infection remains unclear. We have studied splanchnic amino acid uptake and plasma concentrations in patient groups exhibiting growth hormone hypersecretion or relative growth hormone depression in response to stress. Splanchnic amino acid uptake was similar in both groups although plasma levels were significantly higher in the presence of depressed growth hormone production suggesting increased net peripheral proteolysis. In association with this latter observation. T lymphocyte subset analysis revealed a greater incidence of depressed helper to suppressor cell ratios in the presence of depressed growth hormone suggesting a greater impairment of cellular immunity.

Aged↗