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Biomedical subjects

J R Jones

Publications and source records attributed to J R Jones.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Plasma prolactin changes during the administration of human menopausal gonadotropins in nonovulatory women.

Plasma prolactin concentrations were determined in 16 nonovulatory women during treatment with human meonpausal gonadotropins (hMG). In eight patients with initially normal prolactin levels of less than 20 ng. per milliliter, a significant rise was noted at the end of hMG administration, this is thought to be a response to increased endogenous estrogen concentrations. A similar rise in plasma prolactin levels was seen in some but not all of the eight patients with initially elevated "basal" prolactin concentrations. Three of these hyperprolactinemic patients had radiographic evidence of a pituitary lesion--either a pituitary adenoma or a "microadenoma"--but the variance in prolactin response could not be explained on this basis. The two groups of normo- and hyper-prolactinemic patients showed no significant difference in the required dosage and duration or hMG treatment, plasma estradiol-17 beta response, and ovulatory and pregnancy outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Gonadal karyotyping in women with and without ovarian activity.

Results of gonadal karyotyping on 26 patients with cyclic or acyclic ovarian activity and hypogonadotropic or hypergonadotropic hypogonadism are presented. Gonadal culture growth, with the exception of tissue from polycystic ovaries, was usually successful. With one exception, leukocytic and gonadal karyotypes were concordant. Normal ovarian function did not appear to be limited to ovaries of the 46,XX karyotype.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Galactorrhea and amenorrhea in a patient with an empty sella.

A report of a patient with amenorrhea and galactorrhea who was shown, by tomopneumoencephalogram, to have an empty sella is presented. Endocrinologic testing revealed only a blunted human growth hormone response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and acyclicity of plasma gonadotropins. Thyroid testing, ACTH, and metopirone responses were normal. In addition, plasma prolactin levels were found to be within the normal range. Most significantly, after the pneumoencephalogram the patient's menses returned and have continued at regular monthly intervals for 6 months. During this time there has been a significant decrease in the galactorrhea. This is the first patient described with an empty sella and galactorrhea. The clinical and endocribologic aspects of the empty sella are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Tritium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Part VI (1). Tritiated steroid hormones.

The regio- and stereo-specificity of the labelling in a series of tritiated steroid hormones has been examined by 3H n.m.r., which also yields quantitative information on the distribution of the tritium between the labelled sites. Complete analysis is thus readily achieved non-destructively. Hydrogen chemical shifts for various skeletal sites are provided for the first time. The specificity of the methods of labelling steroids with tritium by catalytic reduction, catalysed exchange, and tritiodehalogenation are discussed.

Androgens↗
PubMed1976

Isolation and properties of heat-labile enterotoxin(s) from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

Various techniques have been applied to the detection of skin reactivity associated with heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin in fermenter-grown cultures of enterotoxigenic strains in syncase medium and in trypticase soy broth. Isolated products that were homogeneous, as determined by disc electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, differed immunologically and in physicochemical characteristics depending on the strain and medium used, even though the products had similar specific activities in skin tests and in Chinese hamster ovary cells. In support of observations on porcine E.coli enterotoxin, and in contrast to the enterotoxin of Vibrio cholerae, the products were single polypeptide chains with molecular weights ranging from approximately 35,000 ot over 100,000 daltons. Proteolytic cleavage during culture and purification might account for some of the variations observed. The isolated products were almost 10(6)-fold less active than purified choleragen in causing morphologic alterations of Chinese hamster ovary cells, approximately 1,000-fold less active in skin tests, and at least 100-fold less active in rabbit ileal loops. In addition, only 1/100 as much active protein was produced by the strains employed as by V. cholerae. It is possible that accessory or host-derived factors are required. The most effective large-scale procedure for isolation from trypticase soy broth culture supernatants was a sequence of concentration by ultrafiltration, judicious (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, gel filtration on Sephadex G-150, and gel filtration on Agarose A5m, from which the E. coli products (like choleragen) are retarded in their elution. Toxin was isolated from an enterotoxigenic strain that caused diarrhea (total volume, 60-liters) for four days in a patient who had visited Mexico.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Clinical cholera caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

A woman returning from Mexico was hospitalized as an emergency patient with hypovolemic shock due to dirrheal disease of less than 1-day duration. Her clinical course was similar to that of severe cholera--she excreted greater than 60 liters of stool and urine in a 4-day period. The etiological agent was a non-enteropathogenic serotype but enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli (063:NM). The patient responded both agglutinating and antitoxic antibodies against this strain and its enterotoxin. An "enteropathogenic serotype," 0111:B4, was also isolated but this finding had no etiological significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Olfacto-genital dysplasia in the female.

The clinical syndrome of OGD in the female is displayed as hypogonadism and most commonly type I hyposmia ("anosmia"). The main pathologic findings are absence of the olfactory bulbs and tracts, hypoplasia of the hypothalamus, a normal pituitary gland, and normal appearing, although unstimulated, ovaries. The syndrome of OGD may be considered as an attenuated form of holoprosencephaly. Various facial abnormalities have been observed in patients with OGD and their families. Thorough neurologic examination may reveal other abnormalities. In the majority of cases the etiology of OGD is not known; however, among about one-fourth of the females, other members of the family exhibit either OGD or anosmia, implying a genetic basis. In this familial form of OGD some pedigrees suggest an X-chromosomal pattern and others, an autosomal inheritance pattern. Although hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is usually considered the only endocrinologic abnormality, stimulatory test of pituitary and hypothalamic function may reveal poor responses of growth hormone. ACTH, prolactin, and possibly MSH. The administration of LRH has shown varying pituitary gonadotropin responses, implying, in some instances, an associated pituitary malfunction. However, these observations may be the result of variations in technic and, therefore, further data are necessary to clarify this issue. Cyclic estrogen and progestin administration stimulates secondary sexual sex characteristics. Exogenous gonadotropins are capable of stimulating ovarian steroidogenesis and, in most patients, inducing ovulation. Thre pregnancies have been reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Sella turcica abnormalities in an anovulatory population.

In a series of 177 anovulatory patients, x-ray studies of sella turcica revealed 4 patients with pituitary adenomas and 1 with an empty sella. Galactorrhea was present in 15 patients (8.5%) of the total series, but 4 of the 5 patients with pituitary abnormalities also showed galactorrhea. As patients were frequently unaware of the presence of milk in their breasts, careful examination by the physician will delineate a population at high risk for pituitary abnormalities. Clinical and endocrinologic characteristics of the 5 patients with pituitary abnormalities are presented and their management is discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1975

Anosmia and hypogonadism with ovarian mosaicism.

An 18-year-old woman with anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is presented. In addition endocrinologic evaluation revealed an apparent deficiency in pituitary growth hormone secretion in response to hypoglycemia and an ovarian insensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins. The ovaries, which on histologic examination appeared to be normal, upon karyotyping showed a chromosomal mosaicism, probably 46, XX/47, XXF+.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Intrauterine instillation of prostaglandin F2ALPHA IN EARLY PREGNANCY.

Intrauterine PGF2alpha (5mg) was administered for termination of early pregnancy in 14 healthy volunteers. With 11 complete abortions, the efficiency rate of this technique is below conventional methods. In addition, the incidience of infection was high occuring in 12 out of 14 subjects. Because of persistent bleeding, six patients underwent a dilatation and curettage. Other significant side effects included transient hypertension, pain, nausea and restlessness. In the patients with a complete abortion, the mean plasma progesterone concentration fell 37% after 8 hours post PGF2alpha instillation and 90iod and 75% over the next 14 days.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1975

Hormonal steroids: effects on the vascular system.

An increase in the incidence of thromboembolic disorders has been associated with oral contraceptive use, though the causative mechanisms remain unclear. Our studies indicate that the contraceptive steroids, irrespective of the intermediary metabolic processes involved, cause changes in the surface charge characteristics of the blood vessel wall and blood cells in the following cases: (i) in experiments using dogs, the hormonal steroids result in a greater reduction in the pore surface charge of veins than in arteries; (ii) in rats, the current induced mesenteric occlusion times are significantly lowered following administration of combined contraceptives steroids; (iii) in humans, the electrophoretic mobilities of erythrocytes and platelets from women taking Ovral and Demulen are lower than in controls, and (iv) there is no significant alteration of plasma coagulation times of women who are on injectable progestin therapy. Demulen and Ovral appear to result in a slight decrease in activated partial thromboplastin times compared to controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Incidence of galactorrhea in ovulatory and anovulatory females.

The incidence of galactorrhea in 480 ovulatory females was compared to that in 383 anovulatory females. One percent of the ovulatory and 3.2% of the anovulatory patients had bilateral galactorrhea. The probability (P) of these two groups being from the same population was less than 0.02.

Adult↗