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Biomedical subjects

J R Jackson

Publications and source records attributed to J R Jackson.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Experience with the use of frozen blood.

The long-term preservation of blood by conventional methods, i.e. beyond five to six weeks, has not progressed significantly since World War I. In the past 10 years, freezing techniques have opened new avenues in this field; it is now possible to store blood for periods of five years or more. Several techniques have been developed, either using liquid nitrogen and the rapid-freezing principle or using "cryophylactic agents" such as glycerol, where the rate of freezing is unimportant and the blood is kept at -85 degrees C. The latter methods require washing of the blood before transfusion to remove the intracellular glycerol and thus avoid post-transfusion osmotic hemolysis. At the National Defence Medical Centre in Ottawa, the Huggins' technique of freeze-preservation of blood has been adopted. This novel method of deglycerolization is based on the "reversible agglomeration" of erythrocytes in electrolyte-free sugar solutions. The in vitro and in vivo studies have yielded satisfactory results, and certain applications of the method are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of auricular acupuncture-like transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation on pain levels following wound care in patients with burns: a pilot study.

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that auricular acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation would significantly reduce the pain experienced by patients with burns immediately after wound debridement, other wound care, and dressing changes. Subjects were 11 inpatients at the University of Alabama Hospital Burn Unit. A two-period crossover design was used, and each patient received one experimental treatment consisting of bilateral acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to six ear points and one control treatment consisting of a placebo pill. The Visual Analogue Scale was used as a measure of pain and was completed immediately before and after treatments and at 15, 30, and 60 minutes after treatment. A two-factor repeated measures ANOVA indicated significant effects of measurement time (p less than 0.001) and treatment by time (p = 0.002). Post hoc analysis revealed significant differences (p less than 0.05) between experimental and control conditions at all times after treatment but not at pretreatment baseline. These results indicate that auricular acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation may be an effective pain management technique in patients with burns.

Bandages↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of sperm counts and total sperm counts in 2543 men requesting vasectomy.

Semen analyses were performed on semen specimens from 2543 men requesting vasectomy at Planned Parenthood of Houston and the results were compared to earlier reports of semen analyses in allegedly fertile men. The comparisons suggest that mean sperm counts and mean total sperm counts are significantly lower than those reported in 1951. Furthermore, a shifting pattern of frequency distribution of sperm counts and total sperm counts was noted. Greater percentages of men with sperm counts 20 million/ml and total sperm counts below 100 million/ejaculate were found in the present report and other recent reports than had been noted in 1951. These data suggest that standards of male infertility proposed in 1951 are no longer applicable.

Cell Count↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationships among performance scores of four diagnostic decision support systems.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationships among different performance scores for each of four diagnostic decision support systems (DDSSs). DESIGN: Intercorrelations among seven performance scores on a set of 105 cases for each of four DDSSs (DXplain, Iliad, Meditel, QMR) were computed. METHODS: The performance scores for each case reflected: 1) presence or absence of the case diagnosis in the DDSS knowledge base; 2) presence or absence of the correct diagnosis anywhere on the DDSS diagnosis list; 3) presence or absence of the correct diagnosis in the top ten diagnoses; 4) relevance of the DDSS diagnosis list; 5) comprehensiveness of the DDSS diagnosis list; 6) whether the DDSS suggested additional diagnoses to the experts' list; and 7) the length of the DDSS diagnosis list. RESULTS: For all DDSSs, the two Correct Diagnosis scores (top ten and total list) were significantly related: 1) to the presence of the correct diagnosis in the knowledge base; 2) to the Comprehensiveness score; and 3) to each other. There were significant differences among the four DDSSs on the magnitude and/or direction of the relationships between: 1) the two Correct Diagnosis scores; 2) the Relevance and Length scores; and 3) the Relevance and Additional Diagnoses scores. CONCLUSION: The production of a correct diagnosis for a given case is not related to the number of diagnoses suggested by the DDSS and, across different DDSSs, is not consistently related to other measures of performance. These data indicate that multiple measures are needed to fully describe the performance of a DDSS.

Algorithms↗