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Biomedical subjects

J R Haaga

Publications and source records attributed to J R Haaga.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cerebral venous angiomas imaged by MR.

The diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance (MR) in the evaluation of cerebral venous angioma was studied. The results of MR and computed tomography (CT) were compared in six cerebral venous angiomas in five patients. MR alone was diagnostically successful in only three of six cases. Venous angiomas appeared as tubular structures of extremely low signal intensity on MR images. Although CT was highly sensitive (100%) in detecting lesions, CT was diagnostically specific in only four of the six cases. Angiography was the only modality able to unquestionably detect all six lesions. By varying the MR pulse sequence, we greatly affected the ability of MR to demonstrate lesions. In the cases where MR helped define the abnormality, T2-weighted MR images were able to clearly demonstrate lesions in five of the six cases whereas T1-weighted images helped detect an abnormality in only two cases. Although MR shows great promise in the evaluation of central nervous system abnormalities, CT remains the best imaging modality for detecting venous angiomas. When CT is not conclusive, angiography can be performed for a definitive diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

MR imaging in patients with metallic implants.

A total of 305 magnetic resonance (MR) examinations were performed in 236 patients with metallic implants. Most examinations were performed at 0.3 T. The metallic implants included central nervous system shunting devices, tantalum mesh, surgical wire, skin staples, surgical clips, metallic orthopedic devices, and a few miscellaneous metallic objects. Patients with cardiac pacemakers, electrical implants, prosthetic cardiac valves, and aneurysm clips were excluded from MR examinations. The images were reviewed for evidence of metallic artifact. The conspicuity of artifact was related to the composition, mass, orientation, and position of the metallic object in the body. In most instances, the metallic artifact did not interfere with the interpretation of the image. The patients' records were also reviewed for adverse effects noted by each patient during the MR examination. Only two patients reported discomfort that could possibly have been related to their metallic implants, but in both cases it seemed unlikely that the symptoms were actually related to the imaging process. There were no apparent short-term adverse effects demonstrated in these patients.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗
PubMed1984

CT-guided percutaneous biopsies in pediatric patients.

Twenty (5%) of 432 pediatric patients scanned during the last 36 months underwent percutaneous biopsy with CT guidance. Sixteen patients had suspected or a known malignancy. Four patients were clinically suspected of having an inflammatory process. Cytologic and histologic specimens were taken when technically possible. Total diagnostic tissue recovery rate equalled 88% in the patients with known or suspected malignancy. Diagnostic tissue was obtained in three of four patients with inflammatory disease. No immediate or delayed complications were encountered. Although the percutaneous method under CT guidance has been shown to be advantageous in various aspects of medical care, the utilization of this modality in the pediatric population, to our knowledge, has been limited. We have found this technique to be useful in the tissue diagnosis of pediatric disease, and in guiding the subsequent clinical treatment. The clinical indications, technique, and results utilizing this method are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

CT guided paravertebral biopsy of the mediastinum.

A simple technique for computed tomographic guided biopsy of esophageal and periesophageal lesions is described. The method utilizes an extrapleural, paravertebral route that allows access to the periesophageal area without entering the lung or pleural cavity.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Head trauma evaluated by magnetic resonance and computed tomography: a comparison.

Magnetic resonance (MR) images and computed tomograms of 25 patients with head trauma were compared. MR proved to be superior in many ways for demonstrating extracerebral as well as intracerebral traumatic lesions. Isodense subdural hematomas, which present a diagnostic dilemma on CT images were clearly seen on MR, regardless of their varying CT densities. In a case of epidural hematoma, the dura mater was shown directly as nearly devoid of signal on MR. Direct coronal images provided excellent visualization of extracerebral collections along the peritentorial space and subtemporal area. In a patient with intracerebral hematoma, CT failed to demonstrate residual parenchymal changes in a 3-month follow-up study, but MR clearly depicted the abnormalities. The superiority of MR over CT was also well illustrated in a patient with post-traumatic osteomyelitis of the calvarium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Magnetic resonance imaging of the breast. Work in progress.

Ten normal volunteers and 45 patients with breast abnormalities were examined with magnetic resonance (MR), utilizing a 0.3-tesla superconducting magnet. In all patients, MR detected an abnormality that corresponded to the area of pathology seen on either a mammogram or computed tomographic (CT) scan. An appreciable advantage of MR over mammography was observed in patients with cysts and in those with areas of asymmetric dysplastic breast tissue. Abnormalities on MR images appeared as areas of low signal intensity relative to adjacent normal ductal and fatty tissue. The configuration of a lesion on MR permitted distinction between a benign and a malignant process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Sclerosing cholangitis: cholescintigraphy with Tc-99m-labeled DISIDA.

Four patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) were examined with the hepatobiliary agent Tc-99m-labeled DISIDA (diisopropylphenylcarbamoyl iminodiacetic acid), and the results correlated with those of invasive cholangiography. Three of the four patients exhibited a typical pattern of multiple, persistent focal "hot spots" in the duct system, representing stasis within the segmental ductal dilatations (beading), also seen on cholangiography. Cholescintigraphy is superior to cholangiography in cases of suspected PSC where there is nonfilling of biliary radicals due to high-grade stenosis. The finding of delayed hepatic parenchymal clearance can allow estimation of the degree of obstruction of the various branches of the major bile ducts. Cholescintigraphy offers a noninvasive method of investigating patients with suspected sclerosing cholangitis, leading to earlier diagnosis. Confirmation with invasive cholangiographic procedures is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Secondary infection of an endometrioma following fine-needle aspiration.

A Clostridium infection occurred in an endometrioma following fine-needle aspiration. Fine-needle aspirations are clinically useful and safe. The authors conclude, however, that this procedure may rarely result in a secondary infection. Specific recommendations to avoid such complications are stated.

Abscess↗
PubMed1984

Gated magnetic resonance imaging of the normal and diseased heart.

Gated cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained in two normal volunteers and 21 adults with a variety of cardiovascular abnormalities. The images were correlated with data from clinical examinations, electrocardiograms, and cardiac catheterization. Gated cardiac images were superior to nongated images. Combined cardiac and respiratory gated images were superior to images obtained with cardiac gating only, but acquisition time was longer. Portions of the coronary arteries were visualized in seven of 23 examinations (30%), and subacute and old myocardial infarcts were seen in five of nine patients (55%) as areas of thinned myocardium. No signal changes were observed in the patients with subacute infarctions or the patient with myocarditis. Coronary atherosclerotic lesions were not visualized in any of the patients. Normal cardiac anatomy (chambers, valves, and papillary muscles) was well visualized. Examples of aortic stenosis and atherosclerosis of the abdominal aorta are shown.

Aortic Valve Stenosis↗
PubMed1984

CT-guided liver biopsies: eight years' experience. Work in progress.

In the past eight years 180 patients with liver abnormalities demonstrated on computed tomography (CT) underwent CT-guided biopsies with 22-guage Madayag, 14-gauge Travenol, or 18-gauge Menghini needles used singly or in combination. Cytologic and pathologic results were tabulated and correlated with the subsequent surgical or autopsy findings and with clinical follow-up ranging from three months to three years. Complications of the procedures were also recorded. It is concluded that cutting needle biopsies provide a higher yield of diagnostic tissue compared with aspiration biopsies (89.9% versus 65%) without a significant increase in complications (1.44% versus 0.83%). The techniques utilized, risk of complications, and the indications for biopsy are discussed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

Improved technique for CT-guided celiac ganglia block.

Celiac nerve blocks have been performed without radiologic guidance, but recently several groups have reported computed tomography (CT)-guided techniques. The authors present a new technique of CT-guided celiac nerve block using an 18 gauge Teflon catheter, which permits a test block dose and permanent alcohol block with one procedure. The results of this new technique were very encouraging. Of nine cancer patients who had the test block, seven had good pain relief; these same patients had good pain control with the permanent block. Of six patients with pancreatitis, six had good pain relief from the test block, and three had some long-term relief from the permanent block.

Ganglia, Sympathetic↗
PubMed1984

Magnetic resonance imaging of the adrenal glands: a comparison with computed tomography.

This investigation compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of normal and abnormal adrenal glands. Thirty normal volunteers were studied with MRI, and the results were compared with a retrospective review of 30 normal CT examinations. CT identified both adrenal glands in all 30 patients. MRI identified both glands in 29 of 30 volunteers. There were no statistically significant differences between the two imaging techniques using chi-square analysis. Twenty-one patients with abnormal adrenal gland(s) detected with CT were also studied with MRI. The abnormalities studied included bilateral hyperplasia (three patients), adenoma (two), myelolipoma (one), adrenal metastases (six), adrenal hemorrhage (two), and neuroblastoma (seven). MRI detected the abnormal adrenal gland(s) in 20 of 21 patients. MRI was unable to detect calcifications in the lesions studied but more clearly showed the relations of adrenal masses to the major vascular structures. MRI demonstrated corticomedullary differentiation in patients with adrenal hyperplasia and in some normal volunteers. The CT and MRI features of the adrenal lesions are discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Respiratory movement of the pancreas: an ultrasonic study.

Respiratory movement of the pancreas was documented ultrasonically in 36 normal patients and volunteers. Pancreatic excursion from full inspiration to full expiration was measured in the plane of the superior mesenteric artery in supine, prone, and decubitus positions. Excursions ranged from 0 to 3.5 cm. The average respiratory excursion was 1.8 cm in the supine position, 1.9 cm when prone, and 2.2 cm in the lateral decubitus position. Such respiratory movement of the pancreas has obvious implications both for static B-mode ultrasound scanning and for CT scanning.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Magnetic resonance imaging of the pancreas.

In this article, the author discusses his experience using a superconducting magnet for evaluation of the pancreas. The discussion includes evaluation of neoplastic and inflammatory disease of the pancreas and comparison of MRI with CT scanning.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1984

Magnetic resonance imaging of the liver.

In this article, the author discusses his experience with a 0.30-T superconducting magnet for evaluation of the liver. This discussion includes evaluation of malignant and benign disease and comparison of MRI with CT scanning.

Cysts↗