Biomedical subjects

J R Coast

Publications and source records attributed to J R Coast.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Pulmonary function changes following exercise.

Many studies have documented differing changes in forced vital capacity (FVC) following various intensities and durations of exercise. This investigation used three different intensities and durations of treadmill running, with subjects who were active runners, with the intent of finding an intensity or duration that might elicit changes in FVC and if these changes are related to respiratory muscle fatigue. Intensities and durations included a graded maximal test to exhaustion (7-14 min); a 7-min test at 90% of maximal VO2, and a 30-min test at 60% of maximal VO2 (intensity). Maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP), maximal expiratory pressures (MEP), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1.0) and FVC were measured pretest, and 5, 10, and 30 min post-test (time). MIP was not different across time or intensities. The decrease in MEP approached significance at 10-min post-exercise compared to pretest values (P = 0.0569), with no differences found between intensities. FVC was different between times (P = 0.0117) but not between intensities. FVC was decreased at 5 and 10 min post-test compared with pre and 30 min. FEV1.0 was significantly reduced at 5 and 10 min post-test compared with pretest. These data suggest that a combination of duration and intensity may be necessary to elicit pulmonary function changes after exercise and that expiratory muscle fatigue may be a factor that results in a reduced FVC.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Exercise training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Most patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) demonstrate positive responses to exercise conditioning. Dyspnea is reduced and work tolerance is extended with little or no change in pulmonary function noted. Possible explanations for the increased ability to better tolerate exercise and activities of daily living (ADL) after training include: 1) psychological encouragement, 2) improvements in mechanical efficiency, 3) improved cardiovascular conditioning, 4) improved muscle function, 5) biochemical adaptations responsible for reducing glucose utilization, 6) desensitization to dyspnea, and 7) contributions from better self-care. However, not all patients respond positively to exercise conditioning. This may represent differences in patient selection, training approaches, and/or comorbidity issues commonly seen in patients with COPD. Alternatively, the answer may reside in devising an optimal training intensity, duration, and frequency combination for patients with COPD. This is not an easy matter because of the diversity of patients categorized as COPD. We have reviewed these issues from the available data and presented areas where additional research is warranted. What is needed at present is a series of well-controlled studies that focus on identifying and improving training responses in patients with COPD. Secondary to this issue is the long term epidemiologic surveillance of trained patients to document sustained effects.

Dyspnea↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Exercise performance of collegiate rodeo athletes.

In this study we examined the physical, hematologic, and exercise response of 20 male and 10 female athletes of the National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association, Central Rocky Mountain Region. Male subjects were grouped by roughstock, steer wrestling, and roping events. Female athletes were grouped separately. Maximal aerobic capacity, pulmonary ventilation, respiratory exchange ratio, energy expenditure, maximal heart rate, blood pressure, treadmill time, pre- and postexercise lactate, percent body fat, lean body mass, blood chemistry, serum lipids, and reaction/movement time were analyzed by event. No significant differences (P greater than 0.05) were found in any of these categories between male events. Mean resting blood chemistry parameters of rodeo athletes were within normal ranges. Steer wrestling athletes possessed greater body size and lean body mass than other groups. When analyzing body composition, blood pressure, and total cholesterol:high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratios, results indicate average to low risk for coronary heart disease. When compared to other intermittent-activity sport athletes, college rodeo athletes appear to have similar aerobic capacities, but possess lower lean body mass and greater percent body fat.

Adult↗