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Biomedical subjects

J R Clague

Publications and source records attributed to J R Clague.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Protamine and other polycationic drugs inhibit calcium leak in cardiac cells during metabolic inhibition and free radical exposure.

We studied the effect of the polycationic compounds protamine, polybrene and gentamicin on the calcium leak induced by metabolic inhibition and free radical exposure in cultured neonatal rat cardiac cells. All of the drugs tested inhibited the calcium leak. The potency of the compound in this respect was related to the magnitude of the positive charge borne by the molecule. Protamine was the most potent drug tested. None of the drugs tested had more than a small effect on lactate dehydrogenase release. The physicochemical properties of these compounds lead us to predict that they are acting at negatively charged sites on the outer surface of the sarcolemma. We conclude that polycationic compounds, exemplified by protamine, are able to inhibit calcium overload. It is anticipated that this group of compounds may be effective as cardioprotective agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Differences in the nature and kinetics of the ethanol-related circulating cytotoxic proteins in normal subjects and patients with alcohol-induced cirrhosis.

The kinetics and nature of the nondialyzable cytotoxic activity which appeared in the serum after the consumption of 1.2 g ethyl alcohol per kilogram body weight over 45 min was studied in six healthy volunteers and eight patients with histologically proven alcohol-related cirrhosis of the liver. Whereas the cytotoxic activity in the dialyzed serum showed a single peak with a maximum value 8 hr after the start of ethanol consumption in the healthy volunteers, it showed two peaks with maximum values at 2 and 8 hr in the patients with cirrhosis. Studies of the fractions obtained by Sephacryl-S-300 gel filtration of the 2-hr postalcohol serum samples revealed substantial cytotoxic activity in the fractions containing both the albumin peak and the IgG peak in the patients with cirrhosis and only in the fractions containing the albumin peak in the healthy volunteers. Experiments with pure IgG preparations obtained from prealcohol and 2-hr postalcohol sera by chromatography on Q-Sepharose Fast Flow anion-exchange resin showed considerable cytotoxic activity in the preparations from the patients with cirrhosis and little or no cytotoxic activity in those from the healthy volunteers. Thus, the early peak of the biphasic serum cytotoxicity curve seen after ethanol consumption by patients with cirrhosis appeared to be caused by the development of a substantial cytotoxic activity in the IgG molecules during the first 2 hr.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1985

Localization of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in neurons of the rat gastrointestinal tract.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like immunoreactivity was localized in neuronal processes and somata of the rat gastrointestinal tract. Varicose processes were observed in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, smooth muscles, submucosa, mucosa and around blood vessels. Immunoreactive somata were visualized in the myenteric and submucosal ganglia of the intestine in colchicine-treated rats. These observations, together with previous neuroanatomical and pharmacological studies, suggest that CGRP may be involved in regulatory functions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Animals↗