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Biomedical subjects

J Pyhtinen

Publications and source records attributed to J Pyhtinen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Thoracic spine CT, diagnostic efficacy.

In 67 patients the diagnostic efficacy of thoracic spine CT was assessed. Diagnoses suspected clinically or by other examination methods could be confirmed by CT in 81% and excluded in 18% of cases. In one per cent (one case) the diagnosis, myelopathia vascularis, could not be seen by CT nor by myelography. In 49 cases the results of thoracic spine CT and myelography were compared with each other. CT gave additional information to myelography in 27% (13/49), but not in 73% (36/49). In 27% (18/67) of the whole material CT was able to replace myelography. It seems that CT is useless if myelography is normal, but CT may be useful in tumors, infections and medullary diseases. In traumas CT may replace myelography.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Densities and sizes of the main masticatory muscles in computed tomography compared with clinical findings related to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction.

Computed tomography (CT) has a good resolution capacity and is an excellent method for measuring tissue densities. The aim here was to compare the densities and sizes of the main masticatory muscles, the masseter, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles, as obtained with CT, with clinical findings in patients with TMJ dysfunction (25) and controls (29). The densities of the masseter muscles and the medial pterygoid muscles showed no statistical difference between the patients and controls, while the lateral pterygoid muscles of the patients had densities that were only almost significantly higher than those of the controls. The masseter muscles on the patients who more often had signs of bruxism in their dentition were statistically significantly thicker than in the controls, but the widths of the medial pterygoid muscles gave no statistical difference between the groups. The results seem to indicate that in addition to the bone density changes associated with functional disorders of the masticatory system, there may be also density and size changes in the masticatory muscles which are detectable by CT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Rupture of cerebral aneurysm during angiography.

The rupture of a cerebral aneurysm during angiography is an unusual event. There are approximately 35 reported cases in the literature. Our case was documented by both angiography and computed tomography.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Density of the caput mandibulae in computed tomography compared with clinical findings related to TMJ dysfunction.

Computed tomography (CT) is an excellent method for evaluating the temporomandibular joint, since it shows the bone structures and soft tissues at the same time and constitutes the most practical method for measuring tissue densities in vivo. The aim of this work was to compare densities of the caput mandibulae obtained by CT with the clinical findings in patients with TMJ dysfunction (25) and controls (29). The densities in the patient group were higher than in the controls and seemed to correlate with the clinical symptoms and signs of TMJ dysfunction, especially with muscle pain and deviation in the mouth opening movement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Sensitivity of ultrasonography in the demonstration of common bile duct stones and its ranking in comparison with intravenous cholangiography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

A series of 75 patients with surgically verified common bile duct (CBD) stones were re-examined in retrospect, in order to ascertain the sensitivity of ultrasonography (US) in the detection of CBD. The sensitivity of US turned out to be 19%. US detected bile duct dilatation in 58% and all the CBD stones detected or suspected were seen in cases with bile duct dilatation. The sensitivity of intravenous cholangiography (IVC) proved to be 24%. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), however, was found to be by far the most sensitive method, since it demonstrated 84% of the CBD stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The significance of preoperative shoulder arthrography in painful arc patients.

Preoperative shoulder arthrography was performed on 34 patients with painful arc syndromes. Rotator cuff rupture was diagnosed in 20 cases. Out of these the arthrography correctly showed rupture in 17 cases, while in one case rupture was not seen and two examinations were unsuccessful. Rotator cuff rupture was not found in 14 cases at operation. Of these, arthrography had been negative in eight cases and in six cases the rupture had merely been suspected. Sensitivity of shoulder arthrography in showing rotator cuff rupture was thus 85%, specificity 57% and accuracy 74%. The biceps tendon was intact in all cases with rotator cuff rupture. So-called "bicipital leakage" was seen in four cases, but its significance remains unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

An ultrasonographic renal parenchymal index.

A method for estimating the renal parenchyma relative to the whole kidney (renal parenchymal index, RPI) by ultrasonography has been developed. This method (the area of the sinus relative to the area of the whole kidney) was applied to sets of renal diseases. Hydronephrosis and fibrolipomatosis lead to enlargement of the renal sinus area. Changes in the proportion of parenchyma are small in chronic parenchymal diseases, but it often increases in thickness in acute cases and the RPI is consequently lower. The scars of chronic pyelonephritis reduce the size of the parenchyma in an irregular manner, and therefore measurement of the RPI is not as suitable in such cases as it is in other diseases, which involve generalized parenchymal changes. Because of the great normal variations the method is not suitable for diagnosis in single cases, but it is appropriate for basic surveys in which the relative changes in the renal parenchyma are being assessed in a large number of cases.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of syringomyelia.

We describe the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of syringomyelia in 12 patients for whom the diagnosis had remained unconfirmed with other diagnostic methods. In 7 of these patients, CT myelography revealed an intramedullary cavitation filled with contrast medium. In 3 patients, the cavitation was not filled, and positive contrast medium was not used in another 2. In these 5 cases, however, CT visualized low-density areas within the cord. CT would seem to be the most preferable method for confirming the clinical diagnosis of syringomyelia and is particularly useful in atypical cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography after lumbar myelography in lower back and extremity pain syndromes.

A series of 214 patients with lower back and extremity pain syndromes underwent computed tomography (CT) after lumbar myelography. CT was in full agreement with the myelographic finding in 81%. In 12% CT gave more information but did not change the therapy. In 7% CT changed the diagnoses and was of significant benefit. Myelography was considered an appropriate primary method for evaluating lower back and extremity pain syndromes if the level of suspected lesion could not be predicted. CT is suitable not only as a method for checking unclear or confusing myelographic findings but also as a primary mode in selected cases.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1982

Cerebrospinal fluid protein findings in cervical syndromes classified by myelography, and in multiple sclerosis.

Determinations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) albumin, IgG, albumin blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability and local IgG synthesis indexes in CNS were carried out on 85 patients with various neck, shoulder and upper extremity pain syndromes. CSF was obtained by lumbar puncture in 29, and by lateral neck puncture in 56 of the patients. The patients were classified into 3 different groups according to varying severity of degenerative changes, or cavitation verified by myelography. CSF protein patterns in these patients were compared with lumbar CSF findings in 18 patients with multiple sclerosis. CSF protein changes in patients with abnormal myelographic findings were slight. Protein values were clearly more abnormal in lumbar CSF than in cervical CSF, probably due to a retardation of the CSF flow. Only 3 of 62 patients with a narrowing of the cervical spinal canal had pathological values for IgG synthesis or BBB permeability indexes. On the other hand 14 of 18 patients with multiple sclerosis had abnormal, high values for the IgG index. Thus the present results suggest that investigation of the CSF protein pattern has value in differential diagnosis between patients with multiple sclerosis and degenerative diseases of the cervical spine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography in von Hippel-Lindau disease.

47 subjects belonging to four families with von Hippel-Lindau disease were examined using ultrasound and computed tomography. The subjects had no abdominal symptoms. At renal examinations carcinomas in two, haemangioma in one and cysts in eight persons were detected. Pancreatic cysts were found in four persons. Ultrasound and computed tomography examinations of the visceral organs are easy, non-invasive and safe for members of families with von Hippel-Lindau disease. An annual ultrasound visceral follow-up examination is advisable to detect manifestations of the disease as these become more common with age. It is especially important to detect and treat renal cell carcinomas as early as possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Two-picture urography in urinary tract infections.

We analyzed separately from a urographic series 1 radiograph of the kidneys, ureters and bladder after releasing compression. The diagnosis was compared to that of the complete series in 230 consecutive urographic studies performed for recurrent urinary tract infections. The findings were in agreement in 88 per cent of the cases and no therapeutically significant change was overlooked owing to the decrease in the number of exposures. A urographic series with 2 films is described and recommended for the screening of recurrent urinary tract infections in young patients.

Adolescent↗